Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in zein fractions under low nitrogen was offset by a large decrease in grain protein content.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: QPMe0
Treatment: low N conditionse0
Outcome: grain protein contente0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The advantages of a decrease in zein fractions in QPM under low N conditions were offset by a large decrease in grain protein content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1122–1255

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–53

Title

Protein quality and quantity of quality protein maize (QPM) and non‐QPM hybrids under optimal and low nitrogen conditions

Hilda Shawa; Angeline van Biljon; Maryke T. Labuschagne Cereal Chemistry 2020. doi:10.1002/cche.10390

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Low nitrogen significantly reduced total protein content.
Intervention effect Low nitrogen significantly reduced γ-zein peak area.
Intervention effect Low nitrogen significantly reduced α-zein peak area.
Intervention effect Low nitrogen increased β-zein.
Observation Non-QPM hybrids had higher protein content than QPM hybrids.
Observation QPM hybrids had higher γ-zein than non-QPM hybrids in all environments.
Observation Non-QPM genotypes had higher α-zein values than QPM genotypes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought caused a significant decrease in the lipid unsaturation index of corn shoots, mainly due to a decrease in saturated fatty acids.

Taxon: Zea mays L.Zea mayse4
Treatment: Droughte5
Outcome: lipid unsaturation indexe4
Direction: decreasee5
Qualifier: mainly due to a decrease in the pool of saturated fatty acidse5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e4
“The increase in lipid unsaturation index under the influence of the salicylic acid in the shoots of Zea mays L. was insignificant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1446–1575

e5
“Drought caused a significant decrease in this indicator mainly due to a decrease in the pool of saturated fatty acids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1577–1694

Title

Fatty acid composition of corn and wheat plant shoots under the action of salicylate in drought conditions

M. S. Kobyletska Studia Biologica 2020. doi:10.30970/sbi.1403.629

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Drought decreased saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content in corn shoots.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid at 0.5 mM increased fatty acid content in corn shoots under stressful conditions.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid increased the lipid unsaturation index of corn shoots by an amount that was not significant.
Intervention effect Under combined drought and salicylic acid, the lipid unsaturation index of corn shoots significantly increased relative to drought alone.
Association The lipid unsaturation index of corn shoots correlated with changes in the accumulation of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
Intervention effect Drought decreased saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content in wheat shoots.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid at 0.5 mM increased fatty acid content in wheat shoots under stressful conditions.
Intervention effect Drought caused a significant decrease in the lipid unsaturation index of wheat shoots, mainly due to a sharp decrease in unsaturated fatty acids.
Intervention effect Under combined salicylic acid and drought, the lipid unsaturation index of wheat shoots decreased even further.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mutant kernels showed a decrease in starch content.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: mutant kernelse0
Outcome: starch contente0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Furthermore, we observed a decrease in starch content accompanied by an increase in protein content in the mutant kernels.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 707–829

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–67

Title

ZmMKK4, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, influences maize kernel size

Haibo Qu; Binyan Yao; Wenhui Rao; et al. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2026. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111062

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanism ZmMKK4 was identified as a positive regulator of maize kernel development.
Observation ZmMKK4 localized primarily to the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Observation ZmMKK4 was highly expressed across multiple tissues including kernels.
Intervention effect zmmkk4 knockout reduced or impaired kernel size.
Intervention effect zmmkk4 knockout reduced or impaired weight.
Intervention effect zmmkk4 knockout reduced or impaired kernel development.
Observation Mutant kernels showed a increase in protein content.
Recommendation The authors present ZmMKK4 as a candidate for marker-assisted selection or gene editing.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In 2023 there was a decrease in yield compared with near-normal precipitation in 2021.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Outcome: yielde1
Direction: decreasee1

Verbatim

e1
“there was a decrease in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1293–1322

t0
“corn”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–39

Title

Cover crops did not change optimal corn nitrogen rate over three variable precipitation seasons in the Western Corn Belt

Tauana Ferreira de Almeida; Lucas Pecci Canisares; Emily Robinson; et al. Agronomy Journal 2025. doi:10.1002/agj2.70129

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Cover crops did not decrease corn grain yield at the AONR.
Intervention effect Cover crops did not increase the AONR compared with the no-cover crop treatment.
Observation In 2021, with near-normal precipitation, corn yield at the AONR and the AONR were the highest of the three years.
Observation In 2022, with about half the 30-year average rainfall, yield at the AONR decreased across treatments.
Intervention effect In 2023, cover crop treatments had no significant effect on the AONR.
Mechanism Weather was the dominant factor driving the AONR.
Recommendation The results do not support the need for higher N rates after winter cover crops.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A bacterial bioeffector showed a drastic CFU decrease two weeks after inoculation.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: colony-forming unitse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: 2 weeks after inoculatione0

Verbatim

e0
“we observed a drastic decrease in colony-forming units already 2 weeks after inoculation.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1647–1736

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–103

Title

Limited effectiveness of selected bioeffectors combined with recycling phosphorus fertilizers for maize cultivation under Swiss farming conditions

Sarah Symanczik; Carina Lipp; Paul Mäder; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2023. doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1239393

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Some bioeffector and P fertilizer combinations promoted early maize growth under controlled conditions.
Intervention effect The early maize growth effects vanished in long term pots and fields.
Mechanism The decline in inoculated bacteria was suggested to explain waning maize growth benefits.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativeprojected

Claim · model-written summary

A 30% precipitation decrease reduced simulated mean corn yields by up to about 10%.

Taxon: CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Treatment: 30% decrease in precipitatione0
Outcome: mean yieldse0
Direction: reducee0
Value: ~10%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“a 30% decrease in precipitation could reduce the mean yields of up to ~10%.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1185

t0
“Corn”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 43–47

Title

Impact of Irrigation Scheduling Methods on Corn Yield Under Climate Change

Rajiv Nandan; Dong Kook Woo; Parveen Kumar RePEc: Research Papers in Economics 2020

Other claims from this paper (4)

Method / resource The corn model was validated against aboveground carbon and leaf area index measurements.
Intervention effect A 2oC or 3oC temperature increase reduced modeled corn yields by up to about 38%.
Method / resource The water balance irrigation approach required more water to improve yields in future climates.
Method / resource The leaf water potential method was most effective and efficient among three irrigation methods for improving corn yield under climate change.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

In the first block both corn hybrids showed a significant decrease in yield.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
Outcome: decrease in yielde1

Verbatim

e0
“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–492

e1
“In the first block, both hybrids showed a significant decrease in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1506–1577

Title

ASSESSMENT OF CRITICAL PERIODS OF HARMFULNESS OF WEEDS IN CROPS OF CORN HYBRIDS OF DIFFERENT MATURITY GROUPS

Aminat Nakaeva Agrarian Bulletin of the North Caucasus 2024. doi:10.31279/2949-4796-2024-2-54-35-41

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

In simulation, a 10% decrease of rainfall from the base gave a small increase in maize yield.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: 10% decrease of rainfalle0
Outcome: maize yielde0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: basee0

Verbatim

e0
“A small increase in maize yield was observed by 10% decrease of rainfall from the base”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 893–979

Title

Potential impact of future climate change on maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition in central India

ROHIT PATIDAR; M. MOHANTY; NISHANT K. SINHA; et al. Journal of Agrometeorology 2021. doi:10.54386/jam.v22i1.117

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect In simulation, raising temperature from the base to 5 degrees C decreased maize grain yield by 40%.
Intervention effect In simulation, raising temperature from the base to 5 degrees C decreased maize biomass yield by 28%.
Intervention effect In simulation, a 1 degree C temperature increase could reduce maize grain yield by 10%.
Intervention effect In simulation, a 1 degree C temperature increase could reduce maize biomass yield by 8%.
Intervention effect In simulation, a rainfall increase of 10% or more, or a decrease of more than 20%, resulted in lower maize yield and biomass.
Mechanism The decrease in maize yield with rising temperature could be attributed to a shorter crop duration.
Intervention effect In simulation, a one-degree temperature increase may shorten crop duration by 4.3 days.
Intervention effect Delaying sowing dates could reduce the impact of climate change on crop yield to a considerable extent.
Recommendation Adopting a sowing date between 7th and 14th July may reduce the impact of temperature change on maize grain and biomass yield in central India.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

I1 received 502 mm of water, a 4.56% decrease.

Taxon: MAIZEZea mayst0
Outcome: amount of water addede0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 502) mme0
Qualifier: 4.56%e0

Verbatim

e0
“the amount of water added (502) mm and a decrease of 4.56%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–671

t0
“MAIZE CROP”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–112

Title

EFFECT OF ADDING SAP، CERATOPHYLLUM and WATER LEVELS IN SOME WATER PARAMETERS AND CONSUMPTION USE FOR MAIZE CROP

S. M. Salih; A. I. Al-Abaied Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2020. doi:10.32649/aagrs.2022.170530

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation I1 maize water consumption was 526 mm.
Observation I3 had the highest ETc at 789 mm season-1.
Observation I2 ETc was 658 mm.
Observation I1 ETc was 526 mm.
Intervention effect Saturated water conductivity declined as SAP and Ceratophyllum powder addition increased.
Observation I1O1 saturated water conductivity reached 0.16 cm.min-1.
Intervention effect Basal infiltration declined with SAP and Ceratophyllum powder addition.
Observation I1O1 basal infiltration was highest at 8.4 cm min-1.
Observation I3P2 with 0.4% SAP had a base tip value of 1.2 cm min-1.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Climatic trends reduced maize yields, with a national average decrease of 3.2%.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Outcome: maize yieldse0
Direction: decreasee1
Value: 3.2%e1
Qualifier: climatic trendse0
Setting: Ethiopiat0

Verbatim

e0
“the climatic trends negatively affected maize yields”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1336–1388

e1
“ranging from a 3.2% decrease for maize to a 0.7% increase for wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1533–1600

t0
“Ethiopia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–82

Title

Spatiotemporal climatic signals in cereal yield variability and trends in Ethiopia

Kidist Abera; Sebastian Gayler; Hans‑Peter Piepho; et al. Scientific Reports 2025. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-23452-7

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Growing-season temperature increased significantly in most Ethiopian regions.
Observation Precipitation trends were not significant.
Observation Maize yields tended to increase across most crop areas.
Observation Sorghum yields tended to increase across most crop areas.
Observation Tef yields tended to increase across most crop areas.
Observation Wheat yields tended to increase across most crop areas.
Association Climate trends explained up to 39.2% of yield variability in main crop-growing areas.
Association Climatic trends did not significantly affect yields in some areas.
Association Climatic trends positively affected sorghum yields.
Association Climatic trends positively affected tef yields.
Association Climatic trends increased wheat yields, with a national average increase of 0.7%.
Association Technology contributed an annual wheat yield increase of 4.3%.
Association Technology contributed an annual sorghum yield increase of 5.1%.

“decrease in A”

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