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paper W16664504 ✕

Intervention effect 12

Show all 12 →
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tip heating slightly decreased the size of basal and middle position kernels.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Treatment
tip-heatinge5
Outcome
size of the basal- and middle-position kernelse1
Direction
decreasee1
Qualifier
slighte1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1188–1255
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tip heating did not increase total grain weight per ear.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Treatment
tip-heatinge1
Outcome
Total grain weight per eare1
Direction
not increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1116
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

With tip heating, apical kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal kernel endosperm.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Organ / stage
apical-kernel endosperme1
Treatment
tip-heated earse1
Outcome
growth rate and final weighte1
Direction
samee1
Comparator
basal-kernel endosperme1

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–928
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)

Observation 6

Show all 6 →
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In unheated ears, apical kernel endosperm had 24% smaller mature dry weight than basal kernel endosperm.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Organ / stage
apical-kernel endosperme1
Outcome
dry weighte1
Direction
smallere1
Value
24%e1
Qualifier
at maturitye1
Comparator
basal-kernel endosperme3

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–637
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical maize kernels have lower dry matter accumulation rates than basal kernels.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Organ / stage
apical kernelse4
Outcome
dry matter accumulation ratese1
Direction
lowere1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 86–145
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apical maize florets differentiate later than basal florets.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse1
Organ / stage
Apical floretse1
Outcome
differentiate latere1
Direction
latere1
Comparator
basal floretse1

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–81
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)

Mechanism 1

Show all 1 →
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors conclude that pre-pollination floret development alone does not determine the slower growth and smaller size of apical kernels.

Taxon
maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Outcome
lower growth rate and smaller size of apical kernelse1
Qualifier
differences in prepollination floret developmente1

Verbatim

e0

“maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 18–37
e1

“the lower growth rate and smaller size of apical kernels are not solely determined by differences in prepollination floret development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1581–1715
e2

“Apical florets of maize (Zea mays L.) ears differentiate later than basal florets and form kernels which have lower dry matter accumulation rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146
e3

“In controls, apical-kernel endosperm had 24% smaller dry weight at maturity, lower concentration of sucrose, and lower activity of ADP-Glc starch synthase than basal-kernel endosperm, whereas ADP-Glc-pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase) activities were similar.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–817
e4

“In tip-heated ears apical-kernel endosperm had the same growth rate and final weight as basal-kernel endosperm and apical kernels had higher sucrose concentrations, higher ADP-Glc starch synthase activity, and similar ADPG-PPase activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1056
e5

“Total grain weight per ear was not increased by tip-heating because the increase in size of apical kernels was partially offset by a slight decrease in size of the basal- and middle-position kernels.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1256

Title

Official Documents- Supplemental Letter ref. Representations, TF010748 and TF015111 (Closing Package)

Zoe Kolovou PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013. doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.852

Other claims from this paper (18)

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