Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effect 615

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

S664 grain protein content, nitrogen use efficiency, irrigation benefit and water use efficiency did not differ between W1 and W2.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: W1e0
Outcome: grain protein content,nitrogen use efficiency,irrigation benefit and water use efficiencye0
Direction: no differencese0
Comparator: W2e0

Verbatim

e0
“there were no differences of grain protein content,nitrogen use efficiency,irrigation benefit and water use efficiency between treatments W1 and W2.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1612–1760

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–106

Title

Changes in nitrogen accumulation,distribution,translocation and nitrogen use efficiency in different wheat cultivars under different irrigation conditions

Zhenzhu Xu Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2010

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation T23 accumulated more total nitrogen than S664 under the same irrigation.
Observation T23 accumulated more fertilizer and soil nitrogen than S664.
Observation T23 had greater nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs at anthesis and in grain and vegetative organs at maturity.
Intervention effect Fertilizer nitrogen translocation after anthesis was lower under W2 than W1.
Intervention effect Soil nitrogen translocation showed no significant change.
Intervention effect The authors also report increased fertilizer and soil nitrogen translocation under W2 versus W1.
Intervention effect T23 grain yield, grain protein yield and nitrogen use efficiency did not differ significantly between W1 and W2.
Intervention effect T23 grain protein content, irrigation benefit and water use efficiency were higher under W1.
Intervention effect S664 grain and protein yield were higher under W2 than W1.
Recommendation W1 was the preferred irrigation model for T23.
Recommendation W2 was the preferred irrigation model for S664.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Variation of nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency indices was not significant under manure applications

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Treatment: applications of manurese6
Outcome: variation of nitrogen agronomy efficiency,annual nitrogen use efficiency and accumulated nitrogen use efficiencye7

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e2
“All levels of manure treatments and NPK significantly have increased maize yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–770

e6
“The soil fertility is improved with the applications of manures”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1171–1234

e7
“the variation of nitrogen agronomy efficiency,annual nitrogen use efficiency and accumulated nitrogen use efficiency are not significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1375

Title

Change of nitrogen use efficiency of maize affected by long-term manure fertilization in the typical black soil

Hu Li Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer 2015

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Manure treatments and NPK significantly increased maize yield relative to no fertilization
Intervention effect NPK combined with manures reduced the variation of maize yield
Intervention effect Longtime chemical fertilization increased nitrogen agronomy efficiency, annual and accumulated nitrogen use efficiency of maize, significantly or extremely significantly
Intervention effect Manure applications improved soil fertility
Association Variation trend of nitrogen use efficiency indices decreased significantly with the elongation of experiment time
Association Nitrogen use efficiency of maize was negatively correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus
Association Nitrogen use efficiency of maize was negatively correlated with soil available potassium

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The abstract reports no significant difference in nitrogen productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and grain yield, but names T2 as both arms.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: T2 treatmente0
Outcome: nitrogen partial productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency, and grain yielde0
Direction: no significant differencese0
Comparator: T2 treatmente0

Verbatim

t0
“winter wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 150–162

e0
“There were no significant differences in nitrogen partial productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency, and grain yield between T2 treatment and T2 treatment.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1617–1790

Title

Effects of supplemental irrigation with micro-sprinkling hoses and water and fertilizer integration on yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat

Xue WANG; Shu-Bo GU; Xiang LIN; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2023. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2023.21009

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Micro-sprinkling reduced irrigation amount by 53.3 mm and saved 35.5% water in the first year.
Intervention effect Micro-sprinkling reduced irrigation amount by 45.9 mm and saved 30.6% water in the second year.
Intervention effect Under the same irrigation, T2 had higher soil nitrate nitrogen than T1 at flowering and maturity.
Intervention effect Under W1, T1 had higher surface soil nitrate than the nonfertilized T2 row.
Intervention effect Under W1, T1 increased root length density and root surface area density versus T2 rows.
Intervention effect Under W2, T1 had higher soil nitrate nitrogen than nonfertilized T2 rows.
Intervention effect Under W2, T1 had higher root length and surface area density than T2 rows.
Intervention effect Under W2, T1 had higher root activity, nitrogen assimilation and transport than T2.
Intervention effect Under W2, T1 had higher nitrogen uptake and use efficiency than T2.
Intervention effect Under W2, T1 had higher water use efficiency and grain yield than T2.
Intervention effect With border irrigation, uniform nitrogen supply and localized nitrogen supply did not significantly differ in yield and water and nitrogen efficiency.
Intervention effect Under micro-spray irrigation, uniform nitrogen supply outperformed localized furrow and strip application.

Observation 143

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Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water and nitrogen treatments showed no significant interaction for biomass, grain yield, water footprint, nitrogen uptake or nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Outcome: biomass, grain yield, WFP, N uptake and N use efficiencye0

Verbatim

e0
“No significant water×nitrogen interactions on biomass, grain yield, WFP, N uptake and N use efficiency were observed.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1229–1346

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–93

Title

Farm Level Water Footprints, Water Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Irrigated Rice under Different Water and Nitrogen Management

Gouranga Kar; Ashwani Kumar; Rajbir Singh; et al. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 2015. doi:10.5958/0974-0228.2015.00036.5

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect W2 irrigation gave the lowest mean rice water footprint, statistically comparable with W1.
Intervention effect Rice yield did not significantly differ between W1 and W2.
Intervention effect Rice biomass did not significantly differ between W1 and W2.
Intervention effect Rice leaf area did not significantly differ between W1 and W2.
Intervention effect Yield, biomass and leaf area were significantly lower under W3.
Intervention effect W3 had higher irrigation water productivity despite lower grain yield.
Intervention effect The lowest average rice water footprint, 1277 m3 t-1, occurred at 150 kg N ha-1 and was comparable to 120 kg N ha-1.
Intervention effect Without nitrogen, rice had the highest water footprint, 2532 m3 t-1.
Mechanism Higher nitrogen doses reduced rice water footprint mainly through increased grain yield.
Recommendation The authors suggest W2 irrigation can reduce water input without affecting rice yield.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat varieties did not differ significantly in most nitrogen use efficiency parameters.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Outcome: nitrogen use efficiency parameterse0

Verbatim

e0
“All wheat varieties tested did not show a significant variation in most of the nitrogen use efficiency parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1829–1942

Title

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates on grain yield and nitrogen uptake and use efficiency of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties on the Vertisols of central highlands of Ethiopia

Fresew Belete; Nigussie Dechassa; Adamu Molla; et al. Agriculture & Food Security 2018. doi:10.1186/s40066-018-0231-z

Other claims from this paper (14)

Association Year and nitrogen rate significantly affected grain nitrogen concentration.
Association Nitrogen rate and variety significantly affected grain nitrogen concentration.
Association Year and variety affected grain nitrogen concentration.
Association Nitrogen rate and variety affected straw nitrogen concentration.
Association The three-way year, nitrogen rate and variety interaction significantly affected grain yield.
Association The three-way interaction significantly affected grain and total nitrogen uptake.
Association The three-way interaction significantly affected agronomic, agro-physiological and apparent recovery efficiency.
Intervention effect Menze at 360 kg ha−1 nitrogen in 2015 achieved the highest grain yield of 5718.32 kg ha−1.
Observation Menze yield at 360 kg ha−1 was statistically at par with 240 kg N ha−1 and Tsehay at 240 or 360 kg N ha−1.
Intervention effect Tsehay at 360 kg ha−1 nitrogen had the highest grain nitrogen concentration, 2.7%.
Intervention effect Tsehay at 360 kg ha−1 nitrogen had the highest straw nitrogen concentration, 0.35%.
Intervention effect Tsehay at 120 kg ha−1 nitrogen had the highest apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency in both seasons.
Observation Menze and Tsehay produced the highest grain yield, followed by ET-13.
Association Nitrogen use efficiency parameters decreased when nitrogen rate exceeded 120 kg ha−1.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency indices did not differ significantly among rates.

Taxon: industrial hempt0
Treatment: N ratese0
Outcome: N use efficiency indicese0
Direction: differencese0

Verbatim

e0
“No statistically significant differences in N use efficiency indices were detected among N rates.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1318–1415

t0
“industrial hemp”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 95–110

Title

Tillage and cover cropping enhanced yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and soil health in organic industrial hemp–barley rotations

Madhav Dhakal; Dinesh Panday; Fatemeh Etemadi; et al. Agronomy Journal 2026. doi:10.1002/agj2.70306

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect No-till with cover crop residue caused severe hemp stand loss.
Intervention effect No-till with cover crop residue modestly improved soil POXC and protein.
Intervention effect Under conventional tillage, cover crops enhanced hemp biomass and grain yield.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization through 100 kg per hectare improved hemp performance.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen provided no added hemp benefit.
Intervention effect Barley crude protein and germination were unaffected by cover crop or nitrogen rate.
Association Barley grain yield increased where hemp followed cover crop.
Association Barley grain yield increased with higher prior nitrogen input.
Observation The authors concluded soil health gains under no-till did not make hemp agronomically viable.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating cover cropping and tillage.

Association 137

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Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The relationship of nitrogen use efficiency with nitrogen utilization efficiency was insignificant.

Compound: nitrogen utilization efficiencye0
Outcome: Nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Nitrogen use efficiency showed a positive relationship with nitrogen uptake efficiency, while the relationship with nitrogen utilization efficiency was insignificant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1338–1503

Title

Wheat, Barley, and Triticale Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Pannonian Environment

Milan Mirosavljević; Vojislava Momčilović; Vladimir Aćin; et al. Agriculture 2025. doi:10.3390/agriculture15070683

Other claims from this paper (11)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency was not significantly correlated with nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: Nitrogen fruiting efficiencye0
Direction: not significantly correlatede0
Qualifier: nitrogen use efficiencye0
Comparator: nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedOrgan / stage

Verbatim

e0
“Nitrogen fruiting efficiency was positively correlated with nitrogen utilization efficiency, negatively correlated with nitrogen uptake efficiency, but not significantly correlated with nitrogen use efficiency.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 408–618

t0
“winter wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109

Title

[Correlation between nitrogen fruiting efficiency and nitrogen utilization and remobilization in winter wheat at different sowing dates].

Yuan Gang Zhu; Jin Peng Chu; Xiu Zhang; et al. PubMed 2019. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.005

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Grain yield did not differ significantly among wheat sowing dates.
Intervention effect Grain number per unit area did not differ significantly among wheat sowing dates.
Intervention effect Delayed sowing lowered wheat nitrogen accumulation in both shoots and spikes.
Intervention effect Delayed sowing lowered wheat nitrogen uptake efficiency.
Intervention effect Delayed sowing raised wheat nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Intervention effect Delayed sowing raised wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency.
Association Wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency was positively correlated with nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Association Wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency was negatively correlated with nitrogen uptake efficiency.
Intervention effect Wheat nitrogen nutrition index tended toward optimum under delayed sowing.
Association Wheat nitrogen nutrition index changed synchronously with improved nitrogen fruiting efficiency.
Intervention effect Later wheat sowing lowered Pre-anthesis nitrogen remobilization amount.
Intervention effect Later wheat sowing lowered post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation amount.
Intervention effect Later wheat sowing raised pre-anthesis nitrogen remobilization efficiency.
Association Wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency correlated positively with nitrogen remobilization efficiency.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cultivar effect was not significant on agronomic nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
Material: cultivare1
Outcome: agronomic nitrogen use efficiencye2

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0
“Potato Varieties”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–112

e1
“the effect of cultivar was significant on physiological efficiency, apparent recovery and nitrogen using in (α=1%) of probability”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 374–503

e2
“it was not significant on agronomic nitrogen use efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 508–567

Title

Evaluating of Nitrogen Use Efficiency's as affected by Different Nitrogen Fertilizers Levels on Potato Varieties

Abdolghayoom Gholipouri; Mehdi Aghighi; Shahverdi Kandi Advances in Environmental Biology 2012

Other claims from this paper (6)

Method / resource 4

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Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Texture features did not play a significant role in models predicting nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: predicting NUEe0
Comparator: Texture featurese0

Verbatim

e0
“Texture features did not play a significant role in the models for predicting NUE”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1216–1297

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 125–130

Title

Drone multispectral imaging captures the effects of soil mineral nitrogen on canopy structure and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat

Jie Wang; Sebastian T. Meyer; Xijie Xu; et al. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2025. doi:10.1016/j.compag.2025.110342

Other claims from this paper (4)

Association Soil mineral nitrogen significantly affected wheat canopy structure.
Association Low soil mineral nitrogen induced a blue shift in red-edge spectral position.
Method / resource A multilayer perceptron predicted wheat nitrogen use efficiency in early growth stages with R 2 greater than 0.7.
Method / resource Red-edge spectral indices and canopy height were key predictors of nitrogen use efficiency.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativenot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

DSSAT simulation of wheat water use efficiency was not significant, with R2= 0.414.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Outcome: WUEe0
Value: R2= 0.414e0

Verbatim

e0
“simulation of WUE (R2= 0.414) was not significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1143–1192

e1
“yield of wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 221–235

Title

Simulation of tillage, crop residue mulch and nitrogen interactions on yield and water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum) using DSSAT model

ALKA RANI; K K BANDYOPADHYAY; P KRISHNAN; et al. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2020. doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i10.107885

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Tillage did not significantly change wheat grain or biomass yield.
Intervention effect Crop residue mulch did not significantly change wheat grain or biomass yield.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen levels significantly increased wheat grain and biomass yield.
Intervention effect Tillage did not influence wheat water use efficiency.
Intervention effect Wheat water use efficiency increased significantly with nitrogen level.
Method / resource DSSAT satisfactorily simulated wheat grain yield with R2 = 0.759.
Method / resource DSSAT satisfactorily simulated wheat biomass yield with R2= 0.728.
Method / resource DSSAT satisfactorily simulated seasonal evapotranspiration with R2= 0.904.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N physiological efficiency and N harvest index did not discriminate the manure effects on corn.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
Outcome: distinctions between N supply dynamics of manurese6
Direction: but note6
Comparator: N physiological efficiency (NPE) and N harvest index (NHI)e6

Verbatim

e6
“The distinctions between N supply dynamics of manures and their influences on yield, grain N removal, and total above-ground plant N uptake of corn were well discriminated by N use efficiency (NUE), N uptake efficiency (NUpE), N utilization efficiency (NUtE), N agronomic efficiency (NAE), and N recovery efficiency (NRE), but not by N physiological efficiency (NPE) and N harvest index (NHI)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1018–1410

Title

Agronomic approach to evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency of liquid, solid, and composted swine manures in corn–soybean rotation

Junjie Niu; Tiequan Zhang; Guang Wen; et al. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2023. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2023.1021890

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Liquid swine manure gave corn yields comparable to inorganic fertilizer.
Intervention effect Solid swine manure gave inconsistent corn yield across years.
Intervention effect Composted swine manure had minimal agronomical value for corn.
Intervention effect Soybean with inorganic fertilizer had the highest grain yields, 3,468 and 3,761 kg ha −1 in 2005 and 2007.
Observation Gain N removal of corn was comparable between the two alternative years.
Observation Gain N removal of soybeans was comparable between the two alternative years.
Method / resource N use efficiency indices NUE, NUpE and NUtE discriminated the manure effects on corn, but NPE and NHI did not.
Method / resource N agronomic efficiency and N recovery efficiency discriminated the manure effects on corn.
Observation Legacy effects from the preceding corn on soybean yield were detected by NAE and NRE.
Intervention effect Inorganic fertilizer performed the best and liquid manure followed in grain yield together with N use efficiency parameters.
Method / resource NUE, NUpE, NUtE, NAE and NRE used for chemical fertilizer N were also applicable to manure N efficiency.

Recommendation 1

Show all 1 →

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivenot significant (as stated)basis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend the 60:40 intercrop with 74 kg N ha −1 as a quality forage alternative.

Taxon: millet–soybeane0
Outcome: 60:40 millet–soybean intercropping ratio, fertilized at 74 kg N ha −1e0
Qualifier: no significant yield losse0
Comparator: millet sole crope0

Verbatim

e0
“60:40 millet–soybean intercropping ratio, fertilized at 74 kg N ha −1 , was advantageous and could be recommended as an alternative to millet sole crop to produce forage of high quality with no significant yield loss”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1642

Title

Competition, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Productivity of Millet–Soybean Intercropping in Semiarid Conditions

Emad Jahanzad; Amir Sadeghpour; Mohammad B. Hoseini; et al. Crop Science 2015. doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0130

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Nitrogen application increased total dry matter yield.
Observation Sole millet had the highest dry matter yield, 13.6 t ha −1.
Observation The 60:40 millet–soybean intercrop yielded 13.1 t ha −1.
Observation The 60:40 intercrop had the highest land equivalent ratio of 1.17.
Observation The 60:40 intercrop used land 17% more efficiently than sole crops.
Observation Across LER, crowding coefficient, and monetary advantage index, the 60:40 intercrop was superior.
Observation The highest protein yield was 2.49 t ha −1 in the 60:40 intercrop.

“nitrogen use efficiency”

Claim types

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Over time

Claim type

Research area

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Statistics

Intervention effect 615

Observation 143

Association 137

Method / resource 4

Recommendation 1