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“decrease in relative water content”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

UV-B radiation increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Material: Xiaoyan-926e0
Treatment: exposure to UV-B radiatione1
Outcome: relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidatione2
Direction: increasee2
Qualifier: malondialdehyde (MDA)e2
Comparator: no addition of NaCl and no exposure to UV-B radiatione1

Verbatim

e0
“in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. Xiaoyan-926) seedlings were studied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 556–623

e1
“Four treatments were included in the experiment: no addition of NaCl and no exposure to UV-B radiation (CK), addition of NaCl (NaCl), exposure to UV-B radiation (UV-B), addition of NaCl and exposure to UV-B radiation (UV-B+NaCl)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 625–853

e2
“The results showed that treatments of UV-B, NaCl and UV-B+NaCl all resulted into a decrease in plant height, biomass, water content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and contents of photosynthetic pigments, and into an increase in relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation, as quantified by measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1245–1609

Title

Physiological and ecological effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on wheat seedling under NaCl stress condition

Cheng Liu Xibei zhiwu xuebao 2004

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect UV-B decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect UV-B combined with NaCl increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect Flavone contents increased under all stress conditions in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect Activities of SOD, CAT and POD increased under all stress conditions in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect UV-B reduced proline content in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect NaCl enhanced proline content in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect UV-B combined with NaCl enhanced proline content more than NaCl alone.
Association Most parameters did not differ significantly between NaCl and UV-B+NaCl treatments.
Mechanism UV-B did not obviously strengthen NaCl-induced inhibition of wheat seedlings, possibly because NaCl-induced flavone and proline enhancement offsets it.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased carotenoids by 6.2% to 70.9% in barley.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaree2
Treatment: Droughte0
Outcome: carotenoidse5
Direction: decreaseinferrede5
Value: –6.2% to –70.9%e5
Comparator: optimale1

Verbatim

e2
“limiting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 34–83

e0
“Drought reduced relative water content (–1.3% to –3.2%), plant height (–14.7% to –29.6%), and dry biomass (–2.3% to –24.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 299–422

e1
“under controlled laboratory conditions with optimal and drought treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 161–235

e5
“pigment loss (chlorophyll a –10.1% to –79.5%; carotenoids –6.2% to –70.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 489–563

Title

Genotypic variation in physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses to drought stress in spring barley at an early growth stage

Šarlota Kaňuková; Marcela Gubišová; Martina Hudcovicová; et al. Plant Soil and Environment 2025. doi:10.17221/406/2025-pse

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Drought reduced relative water content by 1.3% to 3.2% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced plant height by 14.7% to 29.6% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced dry biomass by 2.3% to 24.9% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought strongly increased proline accumulation by 23.6% to 454% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought decreased chlorophyll a by 10.1% to 79.5% in barley.
Observation Plant height and chlorophyll a were the most reliable discriminators of barley genotype tolerance.
Observation Relative water content was less predictive of the species than the other traits.
Observation Multivariate stratification separated barley genotypes into tolerant, intermediate and sensitive groups.
Observation HvABF2 gene expression was induced 1.77-fold under drought.
Observation HvSOD1 was moderately upregulated 1.82-fold.
Observation HvAPX1 was upregulated 2.28-fold.
Observation HvP5CS had the strongest response (3.29-fold).
Observation HvP5CS induction did not consistently correlate with tolerance.
Mechanism Sensitive genotypes suffered severe pigment and growth penalties from excessive proline accumulation.
Observation Tolerant genotypes combined growth stability, pigment retention and moderate osmotic adjustment.
Mechanism Drought tolerance in barley at the early growth stage emerged from coordinated regulation of growth, photoprotection and stress-gene activation.
Recommendation The early-stage genotype selection can guide validation under field conditions and breeding.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

root dry weight fell under salt stress.

Taxon: strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
Treatment: 40mM NaCle0
Outcome: root dry weighte1
Direction: reducede0
Value: 30%e0
Comparator: non-salt stress conditionse0

Verbatim

t0
“strawberry”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–39

e0
“Plant root and shoot dry weight, leaf relative water content (LRWC) and chlorophyll content were reduced by 30%, 21%, 15%, 34%, respectively, at 40mM NaCl as compared to non-salt stress conditions.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–197

e1
“The highest alleviation effect of FNA at 40mM salinity stress was observed in the case of 10mM foliar KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 application, resulting in increase in plant root dry weight (50%), shoot dry weight (50%), LRWC (8.2%) and MP decrease (27.4%) at 40mM NaCl.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 428–688

Title

Mitigation of salt stress in strawberry by foliar K, Ca and Mg nutrient supply

E. Yildirim; H. Karlidag; M. Turan Plant Soil and Environment 2009. doi:10.17221/383-pse

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect shoot dry weight fell under salt stress.
Intervention effect leaf relative water content (LRWC) fell under salt stress.
Intervention effect chlorophyll content fell under salt stress.
Intervention effect Membrane permeability rose with salinity.
Intervention effect Foliar nutrients significantly alleviated salinity damage to growth.
Intervention effect Foliar KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 changed root dry weight at 40mM NaCl.
Intervention effect Foliar KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 changed shoot dry weight at 40mM NaCl.
Intervention effect Foliar KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 changed LRWC at 40mM NaCl.
Intervention effect Foliar KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 changed MP at 40mM NaCl.
Intervention effect Foliar nutrient treatments increased shoot and root phosphorus, Fe and Zn, although levels remained below nonsalt treatment.
Intervention effect KNO3 restored shoot Sulphur, P, Fe and Zn contents to nonsalt levels.
Intervention effect Ca(NO3)2 restored root Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents to nonsalt levels.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

aspirin promote activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.

Taxon: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
Treatment: aspirine0
Outcome: activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)e0
Direction: promotee0
Qualifier: salt stress-inducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that, salicylic acid and aspirin can relatively increased the leaf relative water content, decrease the leaf relative electronic conductivity and salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane, promote the activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and delay the accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–376

t0
“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–112

Title

Mitigative effects of salicylic acid and aspirin on salt stress-induced injuries in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during the stage of seedling growth

Zhang Shigong; Gao Jiyin; Song Jingzhi; et al. Xibei zhiwu xuebao 1998

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect salicylic acid increased leaf relative water content in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid decrease leaf relative electronic conductivity in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid decrease salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid promote activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid delay accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin increased leaf relative water content in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin decrease leaf relative electronic conductivity in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin decrease salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin delay accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased chlorophyll a by 10.1% to 79.5% in barley.

Taxon: Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaree2
Treatment: Droughte0
Outcome: chlorophyll ae5
Direction: decreaseinferrede5
Value: –10.1% to –79.5%e5
Comparator: optimale1

Verbatim

e2
“limiting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 34–83

e0
“Drought reduced relative water content (–1.3% to –3.2%), plant height (–14.7% to –29.6%), and dry biomass (–2.3% to –24.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 299–422

e1
“under controlled laboratory conditions with optimal and drought treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 161–235

e5
“pigment loss (chlorophyll a –10.1% to –79.5%; carotenoids –6.2% to –70.9%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 489–563

Title

Genotypic variation in physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses to drought stress in spring barley at an early growth stage

Šarlota Kaňuková; Marcela Gubišová; Martina Hudcovicová; et al. Plant Soil and Environment 2025. doi:10.17221/406/2025-pse

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Drought reduced relative water content by 1.3% to 3.2% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced plant height by 14.7% to 29.6% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought reduced dry biomass by 2.3% to 24.9% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought strongly increased proline accumulation by 23.6% to 454% in barley.
Intervention effect Drought decreased carotenoids by 6.2% to 70.9% in barley.
Observation Plant height and chlorophyll a were the most reliable discriminators of barley genotype tolerance.
Observation Relative water content was less predictive of the species than the other traits.
Observation Multivariate stratification separated barley genotypes into tolerant, intermediate and sensitive groups.
Observation HvABF2 gene expression was induced 1.77-fold under drought.
Observation HvSOD1 was moderately upregulated 1.82-fold.
Observation HvAPX1 was upregulated 2.28-fold.
Observation HvP5CS had the strongest response (3.29-fold).
Observation HvP5CS induction did not consistently correlate with tolerance.
Mechanism Sensitive genotypes suffered severe pigment and growth penalties from excessive proline accumulation.
Observation Tolerant genotypes combined growth stability, pigment retention and moderate osmotic adjustment.
Mechanism Drought tolerance in barley at the early growth stage emerged from coordinated regulation of growth, photoprotection and stress-gene activation.
Recommendation The early-stage genotype selection can guide validation under field conditions and breeding.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. aeruginosa strain PAR increased magnesium, potassium and phosphorus levels in tomato

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
Treatment: P. aeruginosa strain PARe4
Outcome: magnesium, potassium, phosphoruse7
Direction: increasinge7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“fluoride-induced stress in tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 190–263

e4
“Physiological analyses demonstrated that P. aeruginosa strain PAR had a beneficial impact on plant properties under fluoride stress, comprising seed germination, root length, shoot height, relative water content, and leaf area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 704–930

e7
“Mineral analysis revealed a decrease in sodium and fluoride concentrations while increasing magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron levels”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1457–1598

Title

Tomato seed bio-priming with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAR: a study on plant growth parameters under sodium fluoride stress

Anamika Singh; Anil Patani; Margi Patel; et al. Frontiers in Microbiology 2024. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1330071

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation Isolate S2 showed notable resilience to fluoride stress compared with two other rhizobacterial isolates
Observation Phylogenetic analysis identified isolate S2 as P. aeruginosa strain PAR
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR had a beneficial impact on seed germination, root length and shoot height of tomato under fluoride stress
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR had a beneficial impact on relative water content and leaf area of tomato under fluoride stress
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR impacted the buildup of glycine betaine, soluble sugar and proline in tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR increased chlorophyll content of tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR decreased malondialdehyde levels in tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR modified catalase, ascorbate and glutathione reductase activity in tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR modified peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity in tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR decreased sodium and fluoride concentrations in tomato
Intervention effect P. aeruginosa strain PAR increased iron levels in tomato

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low-phosphorus stress decreased biological and economic yield of wheat.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Treatment: low-phosphorus stresse1
Outcome: biological and economic yielde2
Direction: decreasede2
Qualifier: during the stage of tillering and bootinge0

Not reportedComparatorValue

Verbatim

e0
“The effect of low-phosphorus stress and drought stress during the stage of tillering and booting on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–150

e1
“low-phosphorus stress could sharply decrease the number of tillering,relative water capacity and the content of chlorphyll in leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–307

e2
“the growth of wheat was inhibited,and the biological and economic yield were decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 313–399

Title

Effects of low-phosphorus and drought stresses on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Zhang Shigong; Guodong Liu; Dou Yuqing; et al. Xibei zhiwu xuebao 2002

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Low-phosphorus stress decreased tiller number, relative water capacity and leaf chlorophyll content of wheat.
Intervention effect Low-phosphorus stress inhibited the growth of wheat.
Intervention effect The growth inhibition caused by low phosphorus was bigger in resistant genotype Yanzhong 144 than in non-resistant Chinese Spring.
Association Drought during tillering and booting strengthened the effect of low phosphorus on wheat.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

salicylic acid promote activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.

Taxon: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivumt0
Treatment: salicylic acide0
Outcome: activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)e0
Direction: promotee0
Qualifier: salt stress-inducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that, salicylic acid and aspirin can relatively increased the leaf relative water content, decrease the leaf relative electronic conductivity and salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane, promote the activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and delay the accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–376

t0
“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–112

Title

Mitigative effects of salicylic acid and aspirin on salt stress-induced injuries in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during the stage of seedling growth

Zhang Shigong; Gao Jiyin; Song Jingzhi; et al. Xibei zhiwu xuebao 1998

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect salicylic acid increased leaf relative water content in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid decrease leaf relative electronic conductivity in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid decrease salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect salicylic acid delay accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin increased leaf relative water content in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin decrease leaf relative electronic conductivity in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin decrease salt stress-induced injuries of plasma membrane in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin promote activity of membrane protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect aspirin delay accumulation of malon dialdehyde (MDA) in salt-stressed wheat seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

UV-B combined with NaCl increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Material: Xiaoyan-926e0
Treatment: addition of NaCl and exposure to UV-B radiatione1
Outcome: relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidatione2
Direction: increasee2
Qualifier: malondialdehyde (MDA)e2
Comparator: no addition of NaCl and no exposure to UV-B radiatione1

Verbatim

e0
“in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. Xiaoyan-926) seedlings were studied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 556–623

e1
“Four treatments were included in the experiment: no addition of NaCl and no exposure to UV-B radiation (CK), addition of NaCl (NaCl), exposure to UV-B radiation (UV-B), addition of NaCl and exposure to UV-B radiation (UV-B+NaCl)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 625–853

e2
“The results showed that treatments of UV-B, NaCl and UV-B+NaCl all resulted into a decrease in plant height, biomass, water content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and contents of photosynthetic pigments, and into an increase in relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation, as quantified by measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1245–1609

Title

Physiological and ecological effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on wheat seedling under NaCl stress condition

Cheng Liu Xibei zhiwu xuebao 2004

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect UV-B decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased plant height, biomass, water content of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B+NaCl decreased contents of photosynthetic pigments of wheat seedlings relative to control.
Intervention effect UV-B radiation increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect NaCl increased relative leakage ratio and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect Flavone contents increased under all stress conditions in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect Activities of SOD, CAT and POD increased under all stress conditions in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect UV-B reduced proline content in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect NaCl enhanced proline content in wheat seedlings.
Intervention effect UV-B combined with NaCl enhanced proline content more than NaCl alone.
Association Most parameters did not differ significantly between NaCl and UV-B+NaCl treatments.
Mechanism UV-B did not obviously strengthen NaCl-induced inhibition of wheat seedlings, possibly because NaCl-induced flavone and proline enhancement offsets it.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 75 mg L−1 SeNP treatment was most effective for improving superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in diseased mandarin plants.

Taxon: mandarin plantse0
Treatment: 75 mg L−1 of SeNPse0
Outcome: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)e0
Direction: improvee0
Comparator: untreated diseased citrus plantse0

Verbatim

e0
“75 mg L−1 of SeNPs was most effective to improve the chlorophyll, carotenoids, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), total soluble sugar (TSS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC) and significant decrease was observed in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline (PRO) contents of HLB-in…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1504–2004

Title

Phytogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Elicited the Physiological, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Defense System Amelioration of Huanglongbing-Infected ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin Plants

Muhammad Ikram; Naveed Iqbal Raja; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; et al. Nanomaterials 2022. doi:10.3390/nano12030356

Other claims from this paper (6)

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“decrease in relative water content”

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