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“magnitude of decrease”

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plus 2 earlier · 1940s

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Acidifying the incubation medium stimulated non-photochemical quenching in isolated chloroplasts.

Taxon: pumpkint0
Treatment: acidification of the mediume0
Outcome: non-photochemical quenchinge0
Direction: stimulatede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“acidification of the medium stimulated the non-photochemical quenching, and the magnitude of this increase depended on the decrease in pH.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1260–1398

t0
“pumpkin seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 133–150

Title

Participation of intracellular and extracellular pH changes in photosynthetic response development induced by variation potential in pumpkin seedlings

O. N. Sherstneva; V. A. Vodeneev; L. A. Katicheva; et al. Biochemistry (Moscow) 2015. doi:10.1134/s0006297915060139

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Cotyledon burning propagated variation potential into pumpkin true leaves.
Intervention effect Cotyledon burning decreased photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in pumpkin true leaves.
Intervention effect Cotyledon burning increased non-photochemical fluorescence quenching in pumpkin true leaves.
Intervention effect Respiration was activated insignificantly after cotyledon burning.
Association Photosynthetic response magnitude was linearly related to variation potential amplitude.
Observation Variation potential generation accompanied apoplast alkalization of 0.4 pH unit.
Observation Variation potential generation accompanied cytoplasm acidification of 0.3 pH unit.
Association The increase in non-photochemical quenching depended on the decrease in medium pH.
Mechanism The authors concluded that intracellular and extracellular pH changes contribute to variation-potential-induced photosynthetic responses.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil K decline with net removal was smaller than K gain per unit net addition.

Treatment: net K removale0
Outcome: rate of Kexch decreasee0
Direction: smallere0
Comparator: increase observed in soils per unit net K additione0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“rate of Kexch decrease (as a function of the soil K budget) in soils with net K removal was smaller in magnitude than the increase observed in soils per unit net K addition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1484–1656

Title

Quantification of plant-available potassium (K) in a corn-soybean rotation: A long-term evaluation of K rates and crop K removal effects

Ronald Jose Navarrete-Ganchozo Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System) 2014

Other claims from this paper (12)

Association Soil exchangeable K increased with net additions, varying across sites.
Association Site differences in the K response were unrelated to cation exchange capacity.
Intervention effect Annual K additions built soil exchangeable K more effectively than biennial applications.
Intervention effect Grain yield did not differ across K application frequencies.
Intervention effect Yield did not respond to K additions even in soils classified as K limiting.
Method / resource Models suggested lower recommended K thresholds could be used without significant grain yield loss.
Method / resource Yield analysis could not identify a clear critical soil K range.
Observation Applied K remained in the top 20 cm of soil.
Observation Subsoil exchangeable K depleted at all sites.
Association Crop K removal exceeded added K rates.
Observation Long-term subsoil K decline at 20-30 cm was at most 16 mg kg-1 under large net removals.
Mechanism Lack of topsoil K change under large removals could not be attributed to subsoil K cycling.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize yield components followed the same decline as grain yield.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment: intercroppinge0
Outcome: Yield componentse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Qualifier: similar trende0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Maize-grain yield decreased due to intercropping. The reduction in yield was of higher magnitude with 1 :2 proportion with forage maize intercrop. Yield components followed the similar trend”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–392

Title

Performance of grain maize (Zea mays) and forage cereal intercropping on black soils under rainfed condition

B. M. CHIITAPUR; S. M. HIREMATH; A. S. PRABHAKAR Indian Journal of Agronomy 2001. doi:10.59797/ija.v38i4.3973

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Intercropping decreased maize grain yield.
Intervention effect The grain-yield reduction was greatest with 1:2 forage maize intercropping.
Observation Intercrop forage yields were higher at a 1:2 proportion.
Intervention effect Maize and pearl millet intercropping yielded higher net returns.

Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Seasonal irrigation depth for tomato decreased by 5.51 mm.decade-1.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
Outcome: seasonal irrigation depthe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 5.51 mm.decade-1e0
Setting: Calabriae0

Verbatim

e0
“There was a slight decrease in the seasonal irrigation depth for both citrus and tomato. The average annual magnitude of decreases throughout Calabria were 2.40 and 5.51 mm.decade-1 for citrus and tomato, respectively, corresponding to -7% and -11% of the mean irrigation depth of the period considered”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1112–1414

Title

Effects of Climate Change on the Irrigation Scheduling Parameters in Calabria (South Italy) during 1925-2013

Capra A; Mannino R Irrigation & Drainage Systems Engineering 2015. doi:10.4172/2168-9768.s1-003

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Reference evapotranspiration tended to decrease by -5.51 mm.decade-1.
Observation Seasonal irrigation depth for citrus decreased by 2.40 mm.decade-1.
Observation Citrus irrigation depth declined by -7% of the period mean.
Observation Tomato irrigation depth declined by -11% of the period mean.
Observation Annual precipitation decreased while summer precipitation increased.
Association Summer precipitation advanced the last watering date and shortened the irrigation season.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

ABA reduced the loss of fiber quality under low temperature.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: spraying ABAe0
Outcome: fiber qualitye0
Direction: decreasede0
Qualifier: low temperature conditione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“spraying ABA induced the decrease of fiber quality under normal temperature but decreased the reduction magnitude of fiber quality under low temperature condition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 611–773

t0
“cotton fiber development”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–124

Title

[Physiological mechanisms of growth regulators 6-BA and ABA in mitigating low temperature stress of cotton fiber development].

You-Hua Wang; Jia-Jie Liu; Bing-Lin Chen; et al. PubMed 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect 6-BA increased boll weight under normal and low temperatures.
Intervention effect 6-BA increased fiber quality under normal and low temperatures.
Intervention effect ABA decreased fiber quality under normal temperature.
Intervention effect 6-BA significantly increased boll sucrose content.
Intervention effect 6-BA significantly increased sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase activities.
Intervention effect ABA increased boll beta-1, 3-glucanase activity.
Intervention effect 6-BA had little effect on sucrose invertase activity.
Intervention effect ABA had little effect on sucrose invertase activity.
Mechanism The authors attribute 6-BA improvement of fiber quality to enhanced enzyme activities.
Mechanism The authors attribute ABA improvement of fiber quality to increased cotton stress resistance.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll than other genotypes.

Taxon: Brassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss.Brassica junceat0
Material: genotype G8e0
Outcome: P N, gs, Chl contente0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: other genotypese0

Verbatim

e0
“the magnitude of increase in MDA and Na content and decrease in SL plant−1, A leaf−1, LAI, P N, gs, Chl content and NR and ATP-S activities in genotype G8 was more than that of other genotypes.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1303–1496

t0
“Brassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–88

Title

Morphological and physio-biochemical characterization ofBrassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss. genotypes under salt stress

Manzer H. Siddiqui; Firoz Mohammad; M. Nasir Khan Journal of Plant Interactions 2008. doi:10.1080/17429140802227992

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect NaCl decreased shoot length, leaf area and leaf area index at both stages.
Intervention effect Salt stress accumulated proline and glycinebetaine in all genotypes.
Observation The increases in Pro and GB were greater in G8 than in other genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress increased MDA and Na content in all genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress decreased chlorophyll, nitrogen and potassium content and K/Na ratio in all genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress decreased NR and ATP-S activities in all genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced increases in MDA and Na than other genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in shoot length, leaf area and LAI than other genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in NR and ATP-S activities than other genotypes.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in NR and ATP-S activities than other genotypes.

Taxon: Brassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss.Brassica junceat0
Material: genotype G8e0
Outcome: NR and ATP-S activitiese0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: other genotypese0

Verbatim

e0
“the magnitude of increase in MDA and Na content and decrease in SL plant−1, A leaf−1, LAI, P N, gs, Chl content and NR and ATP-S activities in genotype G8 was more than that of other genotypes.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1303–1496

t0
“Brassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–88

Title

Morphological and physio-biochemical characterization ofBrassica junceaL. Czern. & Coss. genotypes under salt stress

Manzer H. Siddiqui; Firoz Mohammad; M. Nasir Khan Journal of Plant Interactions 2008. doi:10.1080/17429140802227992

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect NaCl decreased shoot length, leaf area and leaf area index at both stages.
Intervention effect Salt stress accumulated proline and glycinebetaine in all genotypes.
Observation The increases in Pro and GB were greater in G8 than in other genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress increased MDA and Na content in all genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress decreased chlorophyll, nitrogen and potassium content and K/Na ratio in all genotypes.
Intervention effect Salt stress decreased NR and ATP-S activities in all genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced increases in MDA and Na than other genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in shoot length, leaf area and LAI than other genotypes.
Observation G8 had greater salt-induced decreases in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll than other genotypes.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined less with VQL1.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: VQL1e0
Outcome: organic carbon, available N and K2Oe0
Direction: declinee0

Verbatim

e0
“Effect of inbred lines was also noticed, organic carbon, available N and K2O was decline and the magnitude of decrease was less with VQL1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1748–1885

t0
“maize (Zea Mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–75

Title

Response of fertility level on different inbred line of maize (Zea Mays L.) productivity in Bihar

M. K. Singh; Shambhu Prasad; YK Singh; et al. International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant grain yield of 27.38 q ha-1.
Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant stover yield of 93.21 q ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded net return of Rs125158 ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded a B:C ratio of 3.15.
Association BML-6 had significantly higher yield of 32.10 q ha-1 and was at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had higher net return of Rs148689 ha-1, at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had a higher B:C ratio of 3.80.
Intervention effect Nitrogen uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Phosphorus uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Potassium uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more nitrogen, 144.20 kg ha-1, comparable to BML 6 and CML 161.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more phosphorus, 27.43 kg ha-1.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more potassium, 174.84 kg ha-1.
Observation Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined after two crop cycles, less so at the highest fertilizer level.
Observation Available soil P2O5 exceeded its initial value and was highest under the 200:100:50 rate.
Association Available soil P2O5 was above its initial value and highest with VQL1.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under light, circumnutation trajectory was disturbed.

Taxon: Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
Treatment: under lighte1
Outcome: disturbance of circumnutation trajectorye1

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“three-week old Helianthus annuus in the 16:8 h light:dark photoperiod”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 45–114

e1
“Additionally, under light, there occurred a subsequent decrease in the magnitude, disturbance of circumnutation trajectory and, in some cases, changes in the direction of rotation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1053–1232

Title

Complex relationship between growth and circumnutations inHelianthus annuusstem

Maria Stolarz; Elzbieta Krol; Halina Dziubinska; et al. Plant Signaling & Behavior 2008. doi:10.4161/psb.3.6.5714

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Circumnutation of sunflower stems was weak in the light stage compared with the dark stage, where it reached a high level.
Intervention effect In the light stage, growth rate reached the same high level as in the dark stage.
Intervention effect In the light stage, stem circumnutation was downregulated more strongly than growth.
Intervention effect Switching off the light increased growth and circumnutation rate.
Intervention effect Switching the light on caused an immediate transient decrease in growth rate.
Intervention effect Switching the light on resulted in stem contraction.
Intervention effect Switching the light on was accompanied by an almost complete pause of circumnutation.
Intervention effect Under light, the magnitude of circumnutation subsequently decreased.
Intervention effect Under light, the direction of rotation changed in some cases.
Mechanism Stem contraction and disturbance of circumnutation imply turgor changes in the sunflower stem.
Association Disturbances of growth rate are accompanied by changes in circumnutation parameters.
Association There is no simple quantitative relation between growth rate and circumnutation rate.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The root respiration increase was 7.4%.

Taxon: Norway sprucePicea abiest0
Outcome: root respiratione0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 7.4 %e0

Verbatim

e0
“This increase in root respiration was of the same order of magnitude (7.4 %) as the decrease in dry matter production by mycorrhizal plants (10.1 %).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1591–1740

t0
“Norway spruce”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–77

Title

Growth and mineral nutrition of non‐mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings grown in semi‐hydroponic sand culture

LUDGER ELTROP; HORST MARSCHNER New Phytologist 1996. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb01915.x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Mycorrhizal infection decreased seedling growth.
Observation Mycorrhizal infection reached 55–71% of root tips.
Observation Fungal biomass accounted for less than 3% of plant dry matter.
Intervention effect Fungal biomass was significantly lower under nitrate than ammonium.
Intervention effect Mycorrhizal plants had higher CO2 assimilation than nonmycorrhizal plants under both N sources.
Intervention effect High light intensity increased CO2 assimilation.
Intervention effect Mycorrhizae significantly increased intact root respiration under ammonium.
Observation The respiratory quotient reached 49.3% at 30°C and low light.
Observation The respiratory quotient fell to 11.7% at 10°C and high light.
Intervention effect Under ammonium, the proportion of carbon lost to root respiration was significantly higher in mycorrhizal plants.
Intervention effect Dry matter production in mycorrhizal plants decreased 10.1%.
Intervention effect Under nitrate, mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants had no significant respiratory quotient difference.
Observation Fungal mycelium respiration accounted for 31.3% of total mycorrhizal root respiration with ammonium.
Observation Fungal mycelium respiration accounted for 8.3% of total mycorrhizal root respiration with nitrate.
Observation Fungal dry weight was 4% under ammonium.
Observation Fungal dry weight was 2.5% under nitrate.
Observation Calculated fungal respiration was 11.1 times root tissue respiration under ammonium.
Observation Calculated fungal respiration was 3.4 times root tissue respiration under nitrate.
Observation Carbohydrate concentrations did not consistently differ between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants; increased root respiration was interpreted as the main cause of reduced growth, with extramatrical fungal biomass minor.

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“magnitude of decrease”

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