Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Six hypervariable regions were identified.

Taxon: CollabieaeCollabieaet0
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: sixe0

Verbatim

e0
“six hypervariable regions were identified”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1412–1453

t0
“Collabieae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–50

Title

Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Ten Collabieae Species Including Three Novel Genomes

Shuangshuang Xie; Xingyou Jiang; Wenting Yang; et al. Genes 2025. doi:10.3390/genes16091028

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation All analyzed chloroplast genomes had a typical quadripartite circular structure.
Observation Genome lengths ranged from 157,036 to 158,321 bp.
Observation Each genome contained 136 genes.
Observation Each genome contained 88 protein-coding genes.
Observation Each genome contained 38 tRNA genes.
Observation Each genome contained eight rRNA genes.
Observation Each genome contained two pseudogenes.
Observation Gene number, order, orientation, GC content and codon usage bias were highly consistent across ten species.
Observation Plastome junctions showed structural divergence and SSR and repeat frequencies varied.
Observation Noncoding regions were more variable than protein-coding regions.
Observation E. barbata was sister to the remaining Collabieae members.
Observation Acanthophippium and Spathoglottis were sister to the remaining groups.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Five hypervariable regions were identified.

Taxon: LinderniaceaeLinderniaceaet0
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: five hypervariable regionse0

Verbatim

e0
“five hypervariable regions ( petN-psbM , rps16-trnQ , rpl32-trnL , rpl32 , and ycf1 ) were screened out”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1304–1407

t0
“Linderniaceae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 24–37

Title

Comparative analyses of Linderniaceae plastomes, with implications for its phylogeny and evolution

Rongrong Yan; Yanfei Geng; Yuhuan Jia; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2023. doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1265641

Other claims from this paper (15)

Observation Linderniaceae plastid genomes range from 152,386 to 154,402 bp.
Observation Linderniaceae plastomes have a typical quartile structure.
Observation All plastomes encoded 114 unique genes.
Observation The 114 genes comprise 80 protein-coding, 30 tRNA and four rRNA genes.
Observation Inverted repeats were more conserved than single-copy regions.
Observation The plastomes contained 1803 microsatellites.
Observation The plastomes contained 1909 long sequence repeats.
Observation Most protein-coding genes were relatively conserved.
Observation The ycf2 gene was under positive selection in a few species.
Observation Linderniaceae was a distinct phylogenetic lineage.
Observation Currently circumscribed Vandellia was non-monophyletic.
Observation Currently circumscribed Torenia was non-monophyletic.
Observation Linderniaceae plastomes were conserved in structure, gene order and content.
Observation Evidence supported Yamazakia as separate from Vandellia.
Observation Evidence supported Picria as a separate genus.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ten hypervariable regions were identified in Aquilegia plastomes.

Taxon: AquilegiaAquilegiae7
Outcome: hypervariable regionse7
Value: Tene7

Verbatim

e7
“Ten hypervariable regions were identified in Aquilegia plastomes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1297–1361

Title

Phylogenomics and structural variations of plastid genomes of the columbine genus (Ranunculaceae)

Fang-Min Yu; Wen-Chuang He; Andrey S. Erst; et al. BMC Plant Biology 2025. doi:10.1186/s12870-025-07093-6

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

twenty-five hypervariable regions loci

Taxon: Tinospora cordifoliaTinospora cordifoliat0
Outcome: twenty-five hypervariable regions locie0
Value: twenty-fivee0

Verbatim

e0
“Total twenty-five hypervariable regions loci were found in genome”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1165–1230

t0
“Tinospora cordifolia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–57

Title

Plastome Analysis of Medicinal Plant Tinospora cordifolia for Species Identification and Authentication

J. K. Monpara; K. S. Chudasama; M. L. Vekaria; et al. Russian Journal of Genetics 2024. doi:10.1134/s1022795424700315

Other claims from this paper (13)

Method / resource cp genome
Observation GC content
Observation two IR regions
Observation LSC region
Observation SSC region
Observation 123 gene
Observation 85 protein-coding genes
Observation 29 tRNA genes
Observation seven rRNA genes
Observation two pseudogenes
Observation T. cordifolia is as positioned near to the Menispermum dauricum
Observation 27 SSRs
Observation ten unique SSRs

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ten hypervariable regions were identified for species identification and evolution studies.

Taxon: PhaneraPhanerat0
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: 10e0

Verbatim

e0
“10 hypervariable regions were detected for identification and evolutionary studies.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1513–1596

t0
“Phanera”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 79–86

Title

Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Phylogenetic Analysis of Woody Climbing Genus Phanera (Leguminosae)

Yuan Chen; Yanlin Zhao; Wei Wu; et al. Genes 2024. doi:10.3390/genes15111456

Other claims from this paper (8)

Method / resource Nine Phanera chloroplast genomes were assembled as a genomic resource.
Observation Each studied species had a typical quadripartite chloroplast structure.
Observation The genomes had 130–135 annotated genes.
Observation GC content ranged from 39.25–42.58%.
Observation Codons encoding alanine were dominant.
Observation The genomes contained 82–126 simple sequence repeats.
Observation The genomes contained 5448 dispersed repeats, mostly forward repeats.
Observation Phylogenetic analysis found 16 Phanera species in a supported monophyletic group.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Eight hypervariable plastome regions were identified.

Taxon: CoelogyneCoelogynee1
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: eight hypervariable regionse0

Verbatim

e0
“eight hypervariable regions (atpB-rbcL, psbK-psbI, rps8-rpl14, rps16-trnQUUG, psaC-ndhE, ndhF-rpl32, psbB-psbT, and ycf1) were identified”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1164–1301

e1
“plastomes of Coelogyne”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 480–502

Title

Plastomes of Seven Coelogyne s.l. (Arethuseae, Orchidaceae) Species: Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic Relationships

Songkun Lin; Ruyi Li; Shuling Tang; et al. Horticulturae 2025. doi:10.3390/horticulturae11020144

Other claims from this paper (16)

Method / resource Seven Coelogyne plastomes were newly assembled.
Observation Coelogyne plastomes showed typical quadripartite structure.
Observation Coelogyne plastome lengths ranged from 157,476 to 160,096 bp.
Observation Coelogyne plastome GC content spanned 37.3% to 37.5%.
Observation Each Coelogyne plastome had 132 annotated genes.
Observation Each plastome had 86 protein-coding genes.
Observation Each plastome had eight rRNA genes.
Observation Each plastome had 38 tRNA genes.
Observation Nineteen genes were duplicated in inverted repeats.
Observation Eighteen genes had introns.
Observation Coelogyne plastomes had 54 to 69 simple sequence repeats.
Observation Coelogyne plastomes had 30 to 49 long repeats.
Observation Leucine was the most frequent codon use category.
Observation Cysteine had the least frequent codon use.
Observation Plastome phylogeny supported Coelogyne s.l. monophyly.
Observation Phylogenetic results supported division of Coelogyne s.l. into five clades.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors concluded that S RNase hypervariable regions control allelic specificity.

Taxon: Solanum chacoenseSolanum chacoensee1
Gene: S RNase hypervariable regionse0
Outcome: allelic specificitye0

Verbatim

e0
“This result demonstrates that the S RNase hypervariable regions control allelic specificity.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 921–1013

e1
“Solanum chacoense S12S14 genotype”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 424–457

Title

Hypervariable Domains of Self-Incompatibility RNases Mediate Allele-Specific Pollen Recognition.

D. P. Matton; O. Maes; G. Laublin; et al. The Plant Cell 1997. doi:10.1105/tpc.9.10.1757

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effect S12S14 plants expressing S11 RNase rejected S11 pollen.
Intervention effect Replacing four hypervariable residues of S11 RNase with S13 residues gave transformed S12S14 plants the S13 phenotype.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nucleotide diversity analysis found six hypervariable regions including psbA and rpl32.

Taxon: AgropyronAgropyront0
Gene: psbA and rpl32e0
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: 6 hypervariable regionse0

Verbatim

e0
“Nucleotide diversity analysis revealed 6 hypervariable regions (e.g., psbA and rpl32)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1597–1682

t0
“Agropyron”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–101

Title

Comparative analysis of Chloroplast genomes in 48 samples from 5 species and 2 varieties of Agropyron Gaertn. (Poaceae, Triticeae)

Lina Zheng; Menglu Duan; Zhongshuai Zhang; et al. BMC Genomics 2025. doi:10.1186/s12864-025-12026-6

Other claims from this paper (18)

Observation Agropyron chloroplast genome length ranged from 135,321 to 135,564 bp.
Observation Agropyron chloroplast GC content was stable at 38%.
Observation All Agropyron chloroplast genomes encoded 132 consistent genes.
Observation Agropyron simple repeats were mainly A/T type, numbering 21-28.
Observation Direct repeats predominated among long repeats, numbering 29-31.
Observation Each Agropyron sample contained 29-34 tandem repeats.
Observation Agropyron mongolicum Keng (0506) had the maximum 34 tandem repeats.
Observation Most samples had 13 palindromic long repeats.
Observation Most samples had 29-31 forward long repeats.
Observation No reverse or complementary repeats were detected.
Observation Codon endings were predominantly A/U, accounting for 48.4% of RSCU > 1 codons.
Method / resource Those hypervariable regions did not distinguish the five Agropyron species.
Observation Agropyron samples formed a strongly supported monophyletic clade with bootstrap 100.
Observation Relationships among five species and two varieties remained unresolved, with 178 informative sites out of 135,978.
Observation No species-specific chloroplast SNPs or indels were found.
Method / resource PCA did not separate species on the first two principal components.
Method / resource STRUCTURE analysis of Angiosperms353 markers favored K = 2 groups.
Observation STRUCTURE genetic grouping did not match Agropyron taxonomy.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Eleven hypervariable regions were identified.

Taxon: UrticaceaeUrticaceaet0
Outcome: hypervariable regionse0
Value: Elevene0

Verbatim

e0
“Eleven hypervariable regions were identified through nucleotide diversity analysis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1034–1116

t0
“Urticaceae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–112

Title

De Novo Plastome Assembly and Comparative Genomics of Elatostema lineolatum var. major: Insights into Urticaceae Orthologs, Phylogeny, and Comparative Analysis of 242 Plastomes

Mohan S. Rana; Ganesh Pinnika; Bimal K. Chetri Biology Bulletin Reviews 2025. doi:10.1134/s2079086425600353

Other claims from this paper (18)

Method / resource The first complete plastome was presented for Elatostema lineolatum var. major.
Observation The plastome was 150 292 bp and had a quadripartite structure.
Observation The large single-copy region was 83 953 bp.
Observation The small single-copy region was 17 207 bp.
Observation Each inverted repeat was 24 566 bp.
Observation The plastome encoded 131 genes.
Observation The plastome encoded 86 protein-coding genes.
Observation The plastome encoded 37 tRNAs.
Observation The plastome encoded 8 rRNAs.
Observation Elatostema plastomes had high synteny and conserved gene order.
Observation Urticaceae plastomes had conserved structures and sizes from 142 627 to 170 958 bp.
Observation Urticaceae plastome GC content ranged 35.32–37.22%.
Observation The Urticaceae quadripartite structure was stable across species.
Method / resource The ycf1 region was identified as a promising DNA barcode.
Method / resource SSRs were identified as useful population genetic markers.
Observation Phylogeny placed E. lineolatum near E. dissectum.
Observation Ortholog analysis suggested evolutionary stability.
Observation Ka/Ks analysis detected positive selection in ycf2.

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

LRR-encoding genes and simple sequence repeat regions prone to slippage are among the most hypervariable regions of the soybean genome.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxt0
Gene: genes encoding LRR proteinse5
Outcome: hypervariable regionse5
Qualifier: simple sequence repeat region prone to slippagee5

Verbatim

t0
“hypervariable regions in the soybean genome”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–72

e5
“genes encoding LRR proteins and simple sequence repeat region prone to slippage are some of the most hypervariable regions of the soybean genome”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1034–1178

Title

Sequence characterization of hypervariable regions in the soybean genome: leucine-rich repeats and simple sequence repeats

Everaldo G. de Barros; Scott Tingey; J. Antoni Rafalski Genetics and Molecular Biology 2000. doi:10.1590/s1415-47572000000200029

Other claims from this paper (4)

“hypervariable regions”

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