Search claims · PlantClaims

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Palm height, kernel breadth and dry kernel weight had high positive direct effects on dry kernel weight.

Taxon: arecanutAreca catechue0
Organ / stage: kernele0
Outcome: dry weight of kernele0
Direction: high positive direct effectse0

Verbatim

e0
“the palm height, kernel breadth and dry weight of kernel can be considered for improvement of arecanut as these characters had high positive direct effects on the dry weight of kernel”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1123

Title

Genetic variability and correlation for nut and yield characters in arecanut (Areca catechu L.) germplasm

D. G. Kiran Kumar; D. Lakshmana; N. R. Nagaraja; et al. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 2021. doi:10.37992/2021.1204.161

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maximum kernel dry weight correlated with maximum shoot and root dry weight.

Taxon: Zea mays L.Zea mayse1
Organ / stage: kernele0
Outcome: maximum shoot and root dry weighte0
Direction: higherinferrede0
Qualifier: Maximum kernel dry weighte0

Verbatim

e0
“Maximum kernel dry weight was correlated with maximum shoot and root dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1185–1264

e1
“seed corn ( Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 27–51

Title

Effect of Kernel Maturation on Subsequent Seedling Vigor in Maize¹

K. H. Knittle; J. S. Burris Crop Science 1976. doi:10.2135/cropsci1976.0011183x001600060030x

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Germination percentages were high across all harvest dates.
Association Shoot and root dry weight depended strongly on harvest date.
Observation Distinct seedling vigor maxima and minima occurred.
Observation The first and last sampling dates never produced maximum shoot or root dry weight.
Observation Maximum vigor dates and kernel maturity patterns were hybrid-specific.
Observation The kernel moisture range at initial maximum kernel dry weight was small.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kernel-weight genes inherited through the pollen produced xenia effects for three traits determining kernel dry weight.

Taxon: Zea mays L.Zea mayse0
Outcome: xenia effectse7
Qualifier: three traits determining kernel dry weighte7

Verbatim

e0
“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–20

e7
“xenia effects for three traits determining kernel dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1558–1618

Title

Xenia and Maternal Effects on Maize Kernel Development

D. Seka; H. Z. Cross Crop Science 1995. doi:10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183x003500010014x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Kernels from LG pollen had 0.4% shorter lag phases than kernels from SM pollen.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG pollen had a 5.2% faster rate of grain filling than kernels from SM pollen.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG pollen were 3.9% heavier at maturity in kernel dry weight than kernels from SM pollen.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG plants had 2.6% higher grain-filling rates than kernels from SM plants.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG plants had 5.9% longer effective filling periods than kernels from SM plants.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG plants had 0.7% shorter lag phases than kernels from SM plants.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG plants were 7.6% heavier in mature kernel weight than kernels from SM plants.
Intervention effect Kernels from LG plants had 23 g kg −1 lower moisture concentration at physiological maturity than kernels from SM plants.
Mechanism Developmental similarities among apical, mid-ear and basal kernels suggest that a common assimilate supply controlled their growth.
Observation Reciprocal effects among hybrid plants were found for all traits.
Observation Kernel-weight genes affected many additional traits when inherited via the plant.

Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The dry-weight increase was especially linked to kernel dry weight and pollination rate.

Taxon: CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Organ / stage: kernele0
Outcome: kernel dry weighte0
Direction: linkede0
Qualifier: pollination ratee0

Verbatim

e0
“It was especially linked to kernel dry weight and particularly to pollination rate.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 998–1081

t0
“Corn Silage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 41–52

Title

Effect of Zinc-Phosphorus Interaction on Corn Silage Grown on

Saad Drissi; Abdelhadi Aït Houssa; Ahmed Bamouh; et al. 2015

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Zinc–phosphorus interaction had no significant effect on corn growth, mineral content or aerial dry weight.
Intervention effect Phosphorus application depressed corn shoot zinc content.
Intervention effect Zinc supply slightly reduced corn shoot phosphorus content.
Intervention effect Phosphorus application did not enhance corn aerial dry weight at harvest.
Intervention effect At the highest phosphorus supply, 5 mg·kg −1 zinc increased corn aerial dry weight by around 15% versus no zinc.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The pyrene comprises an oily kernel at 39% of dry weight.

Taxon: Tucumant0
Outcome: oily kernele0
Value: 39% dry weighte0

Verbatim

e0
“an oily kernel (39% dry weight)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 706–737

t0
“Tucuman Kernel Oil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–60

Title

Characterization of Amount and Quality of Tucuman Kernel Oil as a Potential Biomass

Adriano Amir Didonet; Rosemar Antoniassi; Gabriela Reis Back; et al. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 2020. doi:10.1002/aocs.12374

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early maize kernel development showed little dry weight increase.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage: kernel developmente0
Outcome: dry weighte0
Direction: very little increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“At the early stages of kernel development, there was very little increase in dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 217–304

t0
“maize kernel”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 23–35

Title

Gene expression during maize kernel development

Douglas C. Doehlert; Leslie J. Smith; Edwin R. Duke Seed Science Research 1994. doi:10.1017/s0960258500002336

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Early maize kernels accumulated high sugar concentrations.
Observation Early maize kernels accumulated high amino acid concentrations.
Observation Many transcripts appeared at 15 DPP with little evidence of translation.
Observation Total RNA rose suddenly at the initiation of kernel fill at 20 DPP.
Observation Enzyme activities increased at the initiation of kernel fill at 20 DPP.
Observation Storage product accumulation began at the initiation of kernel fill at 20 DPP.
Association Zein accumulation was highly correlated with α-zein transcript abundance during kernel fill.
Association Starch accumulation correlated with ADP-GIc pyrophosphorylase activity.
Association Starch accumulation correlated with Shrunken-2 transcript abundance.
Association Starch accumulation correlated with Brittle-2 transcript abundance.
Observation Kernel DNA content increased linearly up to 30 DPP.
Mechanism Endoreplication accounted for the rise in kernel DNA content up to 30 DPP.
Association Kernel DNA content had no apparent relationship with gene expression.
Observation Kernel fill ended when moisture content fell below 36%.
Observation Transcript abundance declined when kernel fill ended.
Observation Enzyme activities decreased when kernel fill ended.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought reduced plant, ear and kernel dry weight, with the largest reduction in plant dry weight.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Drought stresse0
Outcome: plant dry weight,ear dry weight and ear kernel dry weighte0
Direction: reducede0
Qualifier: range of decrease in plant dry weight was obviouse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Drought stress reduced plant dry weight,ear dry weight and ear kernel dry weight,and the range of decrease in plant dry weight was obvious compared to ear dry weight and ear kernel dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 616–807

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–34

Title

Effects of drought stress on maize kernel growth and photosynthetic characteristics under different pollination types

Shun‐Li Zhou Zhongguo Nongye Daxue xuebao 2013

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Drought lowered photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content; both recovered after watering.
Intervention effect In fully pollinated maize, drought significantly reduced apical kernel dry weight at 12–16 days after pollination.
Intervention effect In fully pollinated maize, drought significantly reduced apical kernel volume at 16 days after pollination.
Intervention effect Drought significantly reduced mature apical kernel dry weight and volume.
Intervention effect Apical kernels grew normally under drought when basal ear positions were not pollinated.
Mechanism The authors attribute apical kernel failure under drought to reduced assimilate production and supply.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Paternal and maternal genes in the kernel and sucrose supply influenced kernel dry matter, kernel water content and cob dry weight in vitro.

Taxon: Zea maysZea mayse0
Treatment: sucrose supplye7
Outcome: kernel dry matter, kernel water content, and cob dry weighte7
Qualifier: Paternal and maternal genes in the kernele7
Setting: in vitroe7

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Zea mays L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 108–119

e7
“Paternal and maternal genes in the kernel, and sucrose supply also influenced kernel dry matter, kernel water content, and cob dry weight in vitro”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1505–1651

Title

Maize Kernel Development in Vitro: Sucrose Concentration, Xenia, and Maternal Effects

D. Seka; H. Z. Cross; P. E. McClean Crop Science 1995. doi:10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183x003500010013x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Association Kernel dry weight and water content increased during the 21 days in culture.
Association Kernel moisture concentration decreased linearly during the 21 days in culture.
Association Cob dry weight increased until 14 days in culture.
Intervention effect Kernels cultured on 160 g L−1 sucrose grew 27% faster than on 80 g L−1 sucrose.
Intervention effect Kernels cultured on 160 g L−1 sucrose lost moisture concentration 32% more slowly than on 80 g L−1 sucrose.
Intervention effect Kernels pollinated with LG pollen accumulated dry matter 27% faster than with SM pollen.
Intervention effect Kernels pollinated with LG pollen achieved 36% higher mean dry weights than with SM pollen.
Intervention effect Kernels explanted from LG plants grew 29% faster than those from SM plants.
Intervention effect Kernels explanted from LG plants averaged 34% higher dry matter than those from SM plants.
Association Significant reciprocal differences among hybrid plants were found for kernel traits.
Association Xenia effects on cob piece growth were significant.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry kernel weight differed before maximum volume was achieved.

Taxon: sorghumSorghumt0
Outcome: Kernel dry weighte0
Direction: differente0
Qualifier: by the time maximum volume was achievede0

Verbatim

e0
“Kernel dry weight was already different between treatments by the time maximum volume was achieved.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1711–1810

t0
“Sorghum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 65–72

t1
“Sorghum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 65–72

Title

Kernel Weight Increase in Response to Decreased Kernel Number in Sorghum

J. R. Kiniry Agronomy Journal 1988. doi:10.2134/agronj1988.00021962008000020016x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Preanthesis shading reduced kernel number per panicle by 72%.
Intervention effect Shaded sorghum kernels weighed 31% more than controls.
Intervention effect Shading did not significantly increase effective filling period.
Mechanism Increased filling rate was the primary means of increased kernel weight.
Intervention effect Shading did not significantly increase endosperm cells per kernel at 10 to 16 days postanthesis.
Intervention effect Shading did not significantly increase starch granules per kernel at 14 to 16 days postanthesis.
Observation Starch granules per kernel were three times greater at maturity.
Intervention effect Mature kernels had significantly more starch granules after shading.
Intervention effect Final kernel volume was greater in shaded plants.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors propose palm height, kernel breadth and dry kernel weight for improvement.

Taxon: arecanutAreca catechue0
Outcome: palm height, kernel breadth and dry weight of kernele0

Verbatim

e0
“the palm height, kernel breadth and dry weight of kernel can be considered for improvement of arecanut”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1042

Title

Genetic variability and correlation for nut and yield characters in arecanut (Areca catechu L.) germplasm

D. G. Kiran Kumar; D. Lakshmana; N. R. Nagaraja; et al. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 2021. doi:10.37992/2021.1204.161

Other claims from this paper (3)

“kernel dry weight”

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