Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sub-surface application of water hyacinth had a higher decomposition rate constant (0.041% week-1) than surface application (0.029% week-1).

Taxon: water hyacinthPontederia crassipese0
Treatment: sub-surface applicatione3
Outcome: rate constantse3
Direction: higherinferrede3
Value: 0.041% week-1e3
Qualifier: 0.029% week-1e3
Comparator: surface applicatione3

Verbatim

e0
“with water hyacinth were carried out”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 298–334

e3
“rate constants of surface and sub-surface application were 0.029% week-1 and 0.041% week-1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 840–930

Title

USE OF WATER HYACINTH (Eichornia crassipes) IN AMELIORATION OF A SANDY SOIL

Mubarak A R; Fattoma A M Rezik; S A Afiah Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2008. doi:10.21608/ajs.2008.14640

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Upper-surface application matched lower-surface application in one trial at all concentrations and in another at higher concentrations.

Taxon: coffeeCoffeat0
Treatment: Upper‐surface applicatione0
Outcome: as effectivee0
Direction: as effectivee0
Qualifier: at the higher concentrationse0
Comparator: lowere0

Verbatim

e0
“Upper‐surface application was as effective as lower in one trial at all concentrations, and in another at the higher concentrations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 816–947

t0
“coffee rust”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 15–26

Title

The control of coffee rust in Kenya by fungicides

R.W. RAYNER Annals of Applied Biology 1962. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1962.tb06007.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Association Coffee rust control rose linearly with log fungicide concentration.
Association Rust control increased with spray volume per acre.
Intervention effect Adjusting spray residue through concentration was more effective and used less fungicide than adjusting volume.
Association Differences in rust control among spraying machines correlated with leaf spray residue.
Observation At equal rust control, the swirl-plate mist-blower used most fungicide per acre.
Observation At equal rust control, the pneumatic hand-sprayer used least fungicide per acre.
Observation The spinning-cage mist-blower nearly matched the low fungicide use of the hand-sprayer.
Intervention effect Higher concentrations were needed to match the hand-sprayer’s heavy residues and rust control.
Intervention effect Burgundy mixture, cuprous oxide and copper oxychloride gave similar rust control at equal copper content.
Intervention effect Captan did not increase foliage density.
Intervention effect Copper sprays directly influenced foliage density.
Intervention effect March and April sprays most effectively reduced the amount of rust attack.
Intervention effect Earlier sprays reduced the effect of later sprays.
Intervention effect Reducing inoculum in January–March did not reduce the July–August rust peak.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Subsurface application caused fewer predator losses than surface application.

Taxon: cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
Treatment: sub‐surface treatmente0
Outcome: lossese0
Direction: reducede0
Comparator: surface treatmente0

Verbatim

e0
“These losses were significantly reduced in the sub‐surface treatment compared with the surface treatment.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 417–522

e1
“cabbage transplants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–207

Title

OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON COLEOPTEROUS PREDATORS OF ERIOISCHIA BRASSICAE (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

SHERIF A. HASSAN Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1969. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1969.tb02511.x

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Diazinon reduced carabid and staphylinid predator numbers for about 11 weeks.
Intervention effect Carabid captures under chlorfenvinphos did not differ from control.
Intervention effect Chlorfenvinphos significantly reduced staphylinids.
Intervention effect Predation significantly reduced cabbage root fly eggs in the field.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Surface application of non-mobile fertilizer significantly reduced application efficiency.

Taxon: SUGARCANEt0
Treatment: surface application of ‘non-mobile’ fertilisert1
Outcome: fertiliser application efficiencye0
Direction: losse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“a significant loss of fertiliser application efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1326–1381

t0
“SUGARCANE”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–68

t1
“surface application of ‘non-mobile’ fertiliser”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1176–1222

Title

FARMING SYSTEM CHANGES AND FERTILISER LOSS IN AN IRRIGATED SUGARCANE AREA—THE BURDEKIN

G. J. Ham; R. C. Bruce 2007

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Surface application improved A. spinosa control.

Taxon: CUCURBITSt0
Treatment: Surface applicatione0
Interactor: A. spinosae0weed
Outcome: A. spinosae0
Direction: bettere0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Surface application provided better control of Amaranthus hybridus and A. spinosa.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 604–686

t0
“CUCURBITS”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–44

Title

EVALUATION OF CLOMAZONE FOR USE IN CUCURBITS

Wayne C. Porter HortScience 1993. doi:10.21273/hortsci.28.4.270a

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect The cucurbit crops showed chlorosis after clomazone application.
Observation Cucurbit tolerance ranked pumpkin and squash above cucumber, watermelon, and cantaloupe.
Intervention effect Application method did not affect crop vigor.
Observation Pumpkin cultivars differed in clomazone tolerance.
Intervention effect Clomazone controlled Brachiaria platyphylla with both application methods.
Intervention effect Clomazone controlled Portulaca oleracea with both application methods.
Intervention effect Surface application improved Amaranthus hybridus control.
Observation Mollugo verticillata was not controlled.
Intervention effect Preplant incorporated clomazone tended to reduce watermelon yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biochar application increased root surface area by 39%.

Treatment: biochar applicatione0
Outcome: surface areae0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 39%e0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Overall, biochar application increased root biomass (+32%), root volume (+29%) and surface area (39%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 437–538

Title

Effects of biochar application on root traits: a meta‐analysis

Yangzhou Xiang; Qi Deng; Honglang Duan; et al. GCB Bioenergy 2017. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12449

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Biochar application increased root biomass by 32%.
Intervention effect Biochar application increased root volume by 29%.
Intervention effect Biochar application increased root length by 52%, much more than root diameter.
Intervention effect Biochar application increased the number of root tips by 17%.
Intervention effect Biochar application increased root diameter by 9.9%, much less than root length and tip number.
Intervention effect Biochar application did not change root N concentration.
Intervention effect Biochar application significantly increased root P concentration by 22%, particularly when combined with N fertilization.
Intervention effect Biochar application significantly increased the number of root nodules by 25%.
Association Responses of root traits to biochar were generally greater in annual plants than in perennial plants.
Association Responses of root traits to biochar were affected by soil texture and pH values.
Association The biochar production process (pyrolysis temperature and time) appears to play a more important role in regulating root growth than biochar source.
Mechanism The pattern of root increases suggests biochar benefits root morphological development to alleviate plant nutrient and water deficiency rather than to maximize biomass accumulation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Application surface did not significantly affect translocation.

Taxon: red mapleAcer rubrumt0
Treatment: application surfacee0
Outcome: translocatione0
Direction: did not significantly affecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“application surface did not significantly affect translocation.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–782

t0
“red maple”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 131–140

Title

Effect of plant moisture stress and application surface on uptake and translocation of triclopyr with organosilicone surfactant in red maple seedlings

J.J. Bollig; J.R. Seiler; S.M. Zedaker; et al. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1995. doi:10.1139/x95-047

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Stressed seedlings had lower xylem water potential.
Observation Stressed seedlings had lower leaf conductance.
Intervention effect At two hours rainfastness was 13% lower in stressed seedlings.
Association Uptake increased over time.
Intervention effect Moisture stress no longer affected uptake by 72 hours.
Intervention effect Abaxial absorption was 57% greater than adaxial absorption.
Intervention effect Moisture stress reduced herbicide translocation to shoots and roots.
Mechanism Surfactants may enhance long term uptake in water stressed seedlings.
Mechanism Surfactants do not appear to facilitate translocation in stressed seedlings.
Recommendation Plant moisture status should guide herbicide application scheduling.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend avoiding surface application on windy days to reduce biochar loss.

Taxon: field cropse1
Outcome: avoiding surface application on windy dayse0

Verbatim

e0
“avoiding surface application on windy days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–554

e1
“field crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 54–65

Title

Biochar application on commercial field crops using farm-scale equipmen

Leanne Ejack; Joann Whalen; Julie Major; et al. Canadian Biosystems Engineering 2021. doi:10.7451/cbe.2021.63.6.1

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Windborne biochar losses reached 30% during handling, transportation, and application.
Recommendation The authors recommend covering and moistening biochar before spreading to reduce loss.
Recommendation The authors recommend mixing biochar with other materials to reduce loss.
Intervention effect Biochar increased soybean yield by up to 20%.
Intervention effect Biochar increased oat yield by up to 20%.
Intervention effect Biochar-amended forage had greater nutrient concentration in the third season.
Intervention effect Biochar-amended forage had higher projected milk production as dairy feed in the third season.
Observation The estimated variable cost of biochar application was CA$2,285 per hectare.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Surface application may be beneficial to annual and perennial crops.

Taxon: annual and perennial cropse0
Outcome: surface applicatione0

Verbatim

e0
“surface application may be beneficial to annual and perennial crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1391–1458

Title

Surface-applied or incorporated biochar and compost combination improves soil fertility, Chinese cabbage and papaya biomass

Justine Cox; Nguyen V. Hue; Amjad Ahmad; et al. Biochar 2021. doi:10.1007/s42773-020-00081-z

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost increased soil pH by 0.4–1.1 units in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Surface-applied biochar and compost increased soil pH by 0.2–0.5 units in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Surface-applied biochar and compost increased soil total N and extractable P in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost increased soil total N and extractable P in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Surface-applied biochar and compost increased extractable Ca and Mg in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost increased extractable Ca and Mg in the 0–10 cm layer.
Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost raised soil pH, total C and extractable Ca in the 10–20 cm layer.
Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost increased Chinese cabbage biomass by 18–70% over unamended soil.
Intervention effect Surface-applied biochar and compost increased Chinese cabbage biomass by 14–47% over unamended soil.
Intervention effect Surface-applied biochar and compost increased papaya biomass by 23%.
Intervention effect Incorporated biochar and compost increased papaya biomass by 19%.
Association Amendments gave a greater response in the acidic Andisol than in the Oxisol, with larger improvements in soil pH, nutrient uptake and root biomass.
Intervention effect Surface application increased plant growth as effectively as incorporated amendment.
Recommendation Biochar and compost are recommended for use in tropical soils.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ditch application gave greater yield than surface application.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Ditch applicatione0
Outcome: greater valuese0
Direction: greatere0
Comparator: surface applicatione0

Verbatim

e0
“Ditch application recorded greater values over surface application”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 722–788

t0
“Wheat and Rice Crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 47–67

Title

Rates and Methods of Rice Straw Application to Wheat and Rice Crops and the Implications on Crop Productivity as Well as some Soil Properties

A Ewis; M Sobh; M Amer; et al. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science 2014. doi:10.21608/ejss.2014.126

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Straw application slightly reduced wheat grain yield.
Intervention effect Straw application markedly reduced wheat straw yield.
Intervention effect Rice residue lowered wheat nitrogen and phosphorus uptake.
Intervention effect Rice residue increased wheat potassium uptake relative to untreated plots.
Intervention effect Residual rice straw affected succeeding rice yields, nutrient uptake and protein percent.
Intervention effect Ditch placement was superior to broadcast placement.
Association Increasing spacing between ditches reduced the reported response.
Association Lower application rate reduced the reported response.

“surface application”

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