rust pathogens 24 claims

Claim · model-written summary

Reaction types differed in the presence of potassium chloride.

Taxon

wheat, oats and barleyAvena sativaHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1

Organ / stage

Seedlingst1

Treatment

potassium chloridee3

Interactor

rust pathogense1pathogen

Outcome

types of reactionse2

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t1

“Cereals Seedlings”

e1

“Monopustule isolates of wheat, oats and barley rust pathogens”

e2

“Differences in the types of reactions after infection of one plant genotype with one pathogen genotype reproduced at different temperatures”

e3

“in the presence of potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate and maleic acid hydrazide”

Claim · model-written summary

Reaction types differed in the presence of ammonium nitrate.

Taxon

wheat, oats and barleyAvena sativaHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1

Organ / stage

Seedlingst1

Treatment

ammonium nitratee3

Interactor

rust pathogense1pathogen

Outcome

types of reactionse2

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t1

“Cereals Seedlings”

e1

“Monopustule isolates of wheat, oats and barley rust pathogens”

e2

“Differences in the types of reactions after infection of one plant genotype with one pathogen genotype reproduced at different temperatures”

e3

“in the presence of potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate and maleic acid hydrazide”

Claim · model-written summary

Reaction types differed in the presence of maleic acid hydrazide.

Taxon

wheat, oats and barleyAvena sativaHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1

Organ / stage

Seedlingst1

Treatment

maleic acid hydrazidee3

Interactor

rust pathogense1pathogen

Outcome

types of reactionse2

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t1

“Cereals Seedlings”

e1

“Monopustule isolates of wheat, oats and barley rust pathogens”

e2

“Differences in the types of reactions after infection of one plant genotype with one pathogen genotype reproduced at different temperatures”

e3

“in the presence of potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate and maleic acid hydrazide”

Claim · model-written summary

Orthologous loci for resistance to rust pathogens were identified in limber pine and co-positioned with multiple R gene family members.

Taxon

Limber pinePinus flexilise0

Interactor

rust pathogense1pathogen

Outcome

Orthologous loci for resistance to rust pathogense1

Qualifier

revealing the evolutionary pressure acting upon theme1

Verbatim

e0

“Limber pine (Pinus flexilis) is a keystone species of high-elevation forest ecosystems”

e1

“Orthologous loci for resistance to rust pathogens were identified and were co-positioned with multiple members of theR gene family, revealing the evolutionary pressure acting upon them”

Claim · model-written summary

New virulent rust pathotypes emerged that overcome novel resistance genes.

Taxon

WheatTriticum aestivume1

Interactor

rust pathogense2pathogen

Outcome

overcome the novel rust resistance genese0

Verbatim

e0

“new virulent pathotypes emerged which could overcome the novel rust resistance genes”

e1

“Wheat rust research—then and now”

e2

“rust pathogens”

Claim · model-written summary

Rust pathogens produce spores rapidly, enabling repeated crop infection and potentially total yield loss in epidemics.

Taxon

crope0

Interactor

Rust pathogense0pathogen

Outcome

total yield lossese0

Qualifier

several cycles of infection in a short period of timee0

Verbatim

e0

“Rust pathogens produce prodigious amounts of spores in a short period of time, which are rapidly wind-dispersed over a large area for subsequent re-infection of the crop. This characteristic of rust diseases allows for several cycles of infection in a short period of time during the growing season and over a large geographical area, and can cause total yield losses under epidemic conditions”

Claim · model-written summary

The Australian biological control program released nine insect species and two rust pathogens from the tropical Americas against parthenium.

Taxon

Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0

Interactor

insect speciese6biocontrol_agent

Second interactor

rust pathogense6biocontrol_agent

Outcome

releasee6

Setting

Australiae6

Verbatim

e0

“Parthenium hysterophorus L., an alien invasive species, is spreading through out Pakistan”

e6

“A biological control program was initiated in Australia in 1975 and has resulted in the release of nine insect species and two rust pathogens from the tropical Americas”

Claim · model-written summary

The four primers failed to amplify any of the eight other rust pathogens isolated from non-legume crops

Taxon

non-legume cropse0

Interactor

rust pathogense0pathogen

Outcome

failed to amplify any of the eight other rust pathogense0

Value

eighte0

Verbatim

e0

“The four primers failed to amplify any of the eight other rust pathogens isolated from non-legume crops”

Claim · model-written summary

Screens for wheat rust avirulence and pathogenicity proteins are being developed.

Taxon

wheatTriticum aestivume0

Interactor

rust pathogense0pathogen

Outcome

screens for avirulence and pathogenicity-related proteinse0

Not reportedComparatorValue

Verbatim

e0

“This knowledge is now being applied to develop screens for avirulence and pathogenicity-related proteins from important rust pathogens of wheat.”

Claim · model-written summary

Preventive fungicides generally reduced daylily rust lesions up to 15 days before inoculation.

Taxon

daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivare0

Treatment

All five fungicidese0

Interactor

rust pathogense0pathogen

Outcome

lesion development by rust pathogense0

Direction

reducede0

Qualifier

up to 15 days before inoculatione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“All five fungicides significantly reduced lesion development by rust pathogens on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when these compounds were applied preventatively up to 15 days before inoculation and infection with a few exceptions”