Viola ×wittrockiana 259 claims

species · family Violaceae · green plant · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

Also written in claims: pansies · Viola × wittrockiana · Viola wittrockiana · pansy · Viola × wittrockiana Gams · Viola wittrockiana Gams L — NCBI synonyms: Viola wittrockiana

19 spellings

Questions studied on this organism1 question3 papers

Viola ×wittrockiana · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryAndrew Bossi · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

259 claims

Open in search (filters, sorting) →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e0
Outcome: survival ratee0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Seedlings grown under a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%) exhibited the highest survival rate (100%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 484–593

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e0
Outcome: electrolyte leakagee0
Direction: loweste0
Value: 13.7%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Seedlings grown under a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%) exhibited the highest survival rate (100%), the lowest electrolyte leakage (13.7%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 484–633

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae2
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e1
Outcome: Chl a/be0
Direction: smalleste0
Value: 12%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the smallest changes in the Chl a/b and total Chl/Car ratios (12% and 13%, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 639–727

e1
“Seedlings grown under a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 484–550

e2
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae2
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e1
Outcome: total Chl/Car ratiose0
Direction: smalleste0
Value: 13%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the smallest changes in the Chl a/b and total Chl/Car ratios (12% and 13%, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 639–727

e1
“Seedlings grown under a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 484–550

e2
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: white LED lighte0
Outcome: survival ratee0
Direction: loweste0
Value: 69.7%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“seedlings grown under white LED light showed the lowest survival rate (69.7%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–819

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: white LED lighte0
Outcome: electrolyte leakagee0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 20.3%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“seedlings grown under white LED light showed the lowest survival rate (69.7%), the highest electrolyte leakage (20.3%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–860

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae2
Treatment: white LED lighte1
Outcome: Chl a/be0
Direction: greateste0
Value: 151%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the greatest changes in Chl a/b and total Chl/Car ratios (151% and 50%, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–951

e1
“white LED light”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 764–779

e2
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae2
Treatment: white LED lighte1
Outcome: total Chl/Car ratiose0
Direction: greateste0
Value: 50%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the greatest changes in Chl a/b and total Chl/Car ratios (151% and 50%, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–951

e1
“white LED light”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 764–779

e2
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e0
Outcome: prolinee0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 5.3 µg g −1 FWe0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“seedlings exposed to a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%) produced the highest levels of proline (5.3 µg g −1 FW) and lignin (112 µg g −1 FW)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 966–1115

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing red light produced the highest lignin level, 112 µg g −1 FW.

Taxon: Viola × wittrockianaViola ×wittrockianae1
Treatment: gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%)e0
Outcome: lignine0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 112 µg g −1 FWe0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“seedlings exposed to a gradual increase in red light (70% to 85%) produced the highest levels of proline (5.3 µg g −1 FW) and lignin (112 µg g −1 FW)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 966–1115

e1
“seedlings of Viola × wittrockiana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 181–214

Title

Strategic modulation of blue and red light ratios during seedling phase ameliorated cold tolerance of Viola × wittrockiana

Azadeh Rashidi; Ali Tehranifar; Leila Samiei Discover Plants. 2026. doi:10.1007/s44372-026-00649-2

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing red light from 70% to 85% produced the highest cold survival of 100%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded the lowest electrolyte leakage of 13.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 12% change in Chl a/b ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect Increasing red light yielded a 13% change in total Chl/Car ratio, the smallest reported.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the lowest survival rate, 69.7%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the highest electrolyte leakage, 20.3%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest Chl a/b ratio change, 151%.
Intervention effect White LED seedlings had the greatest total Chl/Car ratio change, 50%.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest proline level, 5.3 µg g −1 FW.
Intervention effect Increasing red light produced the highest concentrations of studied antioxidant enzymes.
Intervention effect Lower constant red-to-blue light levels hindered enzyme production.
Recommendation The authors suggest seedling light management can improve cold preparation during propagation.