Violaceae 1,937 claims

family · order Malpighiales · 138 taxa · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

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1,937 claims

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest survival rate of Viola odorata seedlings (97.78%) occurred in the untreated control group.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Outcome: survival ratee0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 97.78%e0
Comparator: control groupe0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Results showed the highest survival rate (97.78%) in the control group”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–760

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Colchicine at 0.3% for 48 h was the most effective treatment for tetraploid induction in Viola odorata.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Treatment: 0.3% colchicine for 48 he0
Outcome: tetraploid inductione0
Direction: most effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“0.3% colchicine for 48 h being the most effective treatment for tetraploid induction”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–851

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tetraploid Viola odorata plants had increased stomatal size.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Material: Tetraploid plantse0
Outcome: stomatal sizee0
Direction: increasede0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Tetraploid plants displayed typical morphological changes, including increased stomatal size”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–945

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tetraploid Viola odorata plants had reduced stomatal density.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Material: Tetraploid plantse0
Outcome: stomatal densitye0
Direction: reducede0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Tetraploid plants displayed typical morphological changes, including increased stomatal size and reduced stomatal density”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–974

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cytological analysis confirmed chromosome doubling from diploid (2n = 2x = 20) to tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40).

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Outcome: chromosome doublinge0
Value: 2n = 4x = 40e0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“cytological analysis confirming chromosome doubling from diploid (2n = 2x = 20) to tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1089

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Compared with diploids, tetraploids had significantly higher photosynthetic pigments, total protein and PAL activity.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Treatment: tetraploidse0
Outcome: photosynthetic pigments, total protein, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activitye0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: diploidse0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Compared to diploids, tetraploids exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic pigments, total protein, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, vitamin C, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1289

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Compared with diploids, tetraploids had significantly higher vitamin C, total phenolic and flavonoid contents.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Treatment: tetraploidse0
Outcome: vitamin C, total phenolic, and flavonoid contentse0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: diploidse0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Compared to diploids, tetraploids exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic pigments, total protein, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, vitamin C, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1289

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tetraploids had enhanced activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase compared with diploids.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Treatment: tetraploidse0
Outcome: activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidasee1
Direction: enhancede1
Comparator: diploidse0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“Compared to diploids, tetraploids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1124

e1
“enhanced activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1302–1380

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tetraploids had increased fresh and dry weight.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Material: tetraploidse0
Outcome: fresh and dry weighte0
Direction: increasede0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“The increased fresh and dry weight in tetraploids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1382–1431

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest that higher biomass in tetraploids may contribute to the elevated biochemical and phytochemical levels.

Taxon: Viola odorataViola odoratat0
Outcome: elevated biochemical and phytochemical levelse0
Qualifier: higher biomass may contributee0

Verbatim

t0
“Viola odorata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 102–115

e0
“higher biomass may contribute to the elevated biochemical and phytochemical levels”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1455–1537

Title

Enhancement of Physiological, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Characteristics in Artificial Tetraploid Viola odorata

Kh. Babaei; Z. Jabbarzadeh; B. Hosseini; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2026. doi:10.1134/s1021443725605592

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation The highest survival rate of Viola odorata seedlings (97.78%) occurred in the untreated control group.
Intervention effect Colchicine at 0.3% for 48 h was the most effective treatment for tetraploid induction in Viola odorata.
Observation Tetraploid Viola odorata plants had increased stomatal size.
Observation Tetraploid Viola odorata plants had reduced stomatal density.
Observation Cytological analysis confirmed chromosome doubling from diploid (2n = 2x = 20) to tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40).
Intervention effect Compared with diploids, tetraploids had significantly higher photosynthetic pigments, total protein and PAL activity.
Intervention effect Compared with diploids, tetraploids had significantly higher vitamin C, total phenolic and flavonoid contents.
Intervention effect Tetraploids had enhanced activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase compared with diploids.
Observation Tetraploids had increased fresh and dry weight.