Setaria parviflora 61 claims

species · family Poaceae · green plant · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

Common name: knotroot foxtail — Also written in claims: knotroot foxtail · S. geniculata · Setaria geniculata · Setaria geniculata Beauv — NCBI synonyms: Cenchrus parviflorus · Setaria geniculata · Setaria gracilis

11 spellings

Setaria parvifloraForest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

61 claims

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Setaria parviflora had the lowest stomatal density among the forage grasses studied.

Taxon: Setaria parvifloraSetaria parviflorae4
Outcome: stomatal densitye4
Direction: loweste4

Verbatim

e1
“ten forage grasses present in a pine-oak dominated ecosystem”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 417–477

e4
“Muhlenbergia arizonica showed the highest stomatal density, and Setaria parviflora the lowest”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1000–1093

Title

Stomatal Characterization of Grasses Present in an Oak-Pine Ecosystem

Jaime Neftalí Márquez-Godoy; Edith Ramírez-Segura; Abieser Vázquez-González; et al. Grasses 2026. doi:10.3390/grasses5020016

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observation Nine forage grass species were amphistomatic.
Observation Schizachyrium scoparium showed an epistomatic stomatal pattern.
Observation Muhlenbergia arizonica had the highest stomatal density among the forage grasses studied.
Observation There is high stomatal variability among the forage grass species.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: hexazinonee1
Outcome: knotroot foxtail controle0
Direction: greatere0
Value: 90%e1
Comparator: quinclorace1

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“Hexazinone provided greater knotroot foxtail control and rhizome biomass reduction than quinclorac.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–949

e1
“At 51 d after each rain treatment (DAERT), hexazinone provided 90% control compared with 76% control with quinclorac.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 950–1067

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: Hexazinonee0
Outcome: rhizome biomass reductione0
Direction: greatere0
Comparator: quinclorace0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“Hexazinone provided greater knotroot foxtail control and rhizome biomass reduction than quinclorac.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–949

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: hexazinonee0
Outcome: control with hexazinonee0
Direction: declinede0
Value: 85%e0
Qualifier: 12e0
Comparator: 0 to 6 de0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“In 2024, at 51 DAERT, control with hexazinone ranged from 99% to 92% when rain occurred within 0 to 6 d after application, but declined to 85% and 81% when rain was delayed until 12 and 15 d, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1273

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: hexazinonee0
Outcome: control with hexazinonee0
Direction: declinede0
Value: 81%e0
Qualifier: 15 de0
Comparator: 0 to 6 de0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“In 2024, at 51 DAERT, control with hexazinone ranged from 99% to 92% when rain occurred within 0 to 6 d after application, but declined to 85% and 81% when rain was delayed until 12 and 15 d, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1273

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: quinclorac treatmente0
Outcome: knotroot foxtaile0
Direction: droppede0
Value: 67% to 62%e0
Qualifier: 12 to 15 de0
Comparator: 0 to 9 de0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“knotroot foxtail was controlled by 87% to 77% when rain occurred within 0 to 9 d after quinclorac treatment, but control dropped to 67% to 62% when simulated rain was delayed until 12 to 15 d after the herbicide was applied.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1285–1509

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: hexazinonee0
Outcome: knotroot foxtail rhizome biomasse0
Direction: reducede0
Value: 72%e0
Comparator: nontreated control plantse0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“Relative to nontreated control plants, knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass was reduced by 72% and 42% after applications of hexazinone and quinclorac, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1510–1671

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Treatment: quinclorace0
Outcome: knotroot foxtail rhizome biomasse0
Direction: reducede0
Value: 42%e0
Comparator: nontreated control plantse0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“Relative to nontreated control plants, knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass was reduced by 72% and 42% after applications of hexazinone and quinclorac, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1510–1671

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Recommendation The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors emphasize application timing before rain for knotroot foxtail management.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorat0
Outcome: timing of applicatione0

Verbatim

t0
“knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–142

e0
“This study underscores the importance of the timing of application when hexazinone or quinclorac is used for knotroot foxtail management before precipitation events.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1814–1979

Title

Influence of simulated rainfall timing on the efficacy of hexazinone and quinclorac for the control of knotroot foxtail ( Setaria parviflora )

Tunde Akanbi; David Russell; Forrest Davis Weed Technology 2026. doi:10.1017/wet.2026.10097

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Hexazinone controlled knotroot foxtail more than quinclorac at 51 days after rain, 90% versus 76%.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass more than quinclorac.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 85% when rain was delayed to 12 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone control declined to 81% when rain was delayed to 15 days.
Intervention effect Quinclorac control dropped to 67% to 62% when rain was delayed until 12 to 15 days.
Intervention effect Hexazinone reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 72% relative to untreated plants.
Intervention effect Quinclorac reduced knotroot foxtail rhizome biomass by 42% relative to untreated plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Only sulfentrazone alone controlled knotroot foxtail by 90%.

Taxon: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorae1
Treatment: sulfentrazonee1
Interactor: knotroot foxtailSetaria parviflorae1weed
Outcome: controlled knotroot foxtaile1
Direction: controllede1
Value: 90%e1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“only sulfentrazone alone controlled knotroot foxtail 90% and completely reduced aboveground biomass”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 858–957

Title

Herbicide options for control of yellow and knotroot foxtail for possible use in turfgrass

Mikerly M. Joseph; Bridgette Johnson; David P. Russell; et al. Weed Technology 2024. doi:10.1017/wet.2024.45

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect All tested herbicide treatments controlled yellow foxtail by more than 87%.
Intervention effect All tested treatments reduced yellow foxtail biomass by more than 90%.
Intervention effect Sulfentrazone alone completely reduced aboveground biomass of knotroot foxtail.
Intervention effect Sethoxydim at 520 g ai per ha, metribuzin and imazaquin controlled knotroot foxtail by more than 70% at 28 d after application.
Intervention effect Yellow foxtail was approximately 8 times more susceptible to pinoxaden than knotroot foxtail.
Intervention effect Yellow foxtail was approximately 2 times more susceptible to sethoxydim than knotroot foxtail.
Observation Knotroot foxtail is more difficult to control than yellow foxtail across a range of herbicides.
Recommendation Differentiating yellow and knotroot foxtail is important before herbicides are applied.