By organism › Green plants › Plantaginaceae › Penstemon

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The correlation between migration rates over time was significant and positive, suggesting relatively stable migration patterns.

Taxon: PenstemonPenstemont0
Outcome: correlation between migration ratese4
Direction: positivee4
Qualifier: migration patterns have remained relatively stable over timee4

Verbatim

t0
“Genetic structure and potential hybridization between populations of two Penstemon species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–90

e4
“The significant and positive correlation between migration rates suggests that migration patterns have remained relatively stable over time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1188–1327

Title

Genetic structure and potential hybridization between populations of two Penstemon species

Samantha Maite de los Santos-Gómez; Rosa Ana Sánchez-Guillén; Carlos Lara; et al. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 2024. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boae077

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress reduced visual quality, growth rate and biomass.

Taxon: penstemon speciesPenstemone0
Treatment: Salinity stresse0
Outcome: visual quality of penstemon speciese0
Direction: degradede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity stress degraded the visual quality of penstemon species and led to a reduction in the growth rate and biomass production.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 728–858

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on the Growth, Physiology, and Mineral Nutrients of Two Penstemon Species

Asmita Paudel; Youping Sun HortScience 2024. doi:10.21273/hortsci17409-23

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Salt stress caused leaf burn and necrosis.
Association Visual scores of both species decreased with increasing salinity.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. barbatus averaged a visual score of 1.7.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. strictus averaged a visual score of 2.5.
Observation Both species had severe foliar damage or died at 10.0 dS⋅m −1.
Intervention effect P. barbatus leaf area fell 87% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. strictus leaf area fell 92% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. barbatus shoot dry weight fell 7% to 18%, without statistical significance.
Association P. strictus shoot dry weight fell 13% to 31% as salinity increased.
Association Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased with salinity.
Association Sodium and chloride contents rose with salinity in both species.
Observation Authors judged both species sensitive at 7.5 and 10.0 dS⋅m −1.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress caused leaf burn and necrosis.

Taxon: penstemonsPenstemone0
Treatment: salinity stresse0
Outcome: Leaf burn and necrosise0

Verbatim

e0
“Leaf burn and necrosis were observed in penstemons because of salinity stress.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 859–937

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on the Growth, Physiology, and Mineral Nutrients of Two Penstemon Species

Asmita Paudel; Youping Sun HortScience 2024. doi:10.21273/hortsci17409-23

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Salt stress reduced visual quality, growth rate and biomass.
Association Visual scores of both species decreased with increasing salinity.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. barbatus averaged a visual score of 1.7.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. strictus averaged a visual score of 2.5.
Observation Both species had severe foliar damage or died at 10.0 dS⋅m −1.
Intervention effect P. barbatus leaf area fell 87% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. strictus leaf area fell 92% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. barbatus shoot dry weight fell 7% to 18%, without statistical significance.
Association P. strictus shoot dry weight fell 13% to 31% as salinity increased.
Association Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased with salinity.
Association Sodium and chloride contents rose with salinity in both species.
Observation Authors judged both species sensitive at 7.5 and 10.0 dS⋅m −1.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both species had severe foliar damage or died at 10.0 dS⋅m −1.

Taxon: penstemon speciesPenstemone0
Treatment: saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS⋅m −1e0
Outcome: severe foliar salt damage or were deade0

Verbatim

e0
“The two penstemon species had severe foliar salt damage or were dead when irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS⋅m −1 .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1306–1437

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on the Growth, Physiology, and Mineral Nutrients of Two Penstemon Species

Asmita Paudel; Youping Sun HortScience 2024. doi:10.21273/hortsci17409-23

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Salt stress reduced visual quality, growth rate and biomass.
Observation Salt stress caused leaf burn and necrosis.
Association Visual scores of both species decreased with increasing salinity.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. barbatus averaged a visual score of 1.7.
Observation At 7.5 dS⋅m −1 P. strictus averaged a visual score of 2.5.
Intervention effect P. barbatus leaf area fell 87% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. strictus leaf area fell 92% at 10.0 dS⋅m −1 versus control.
Intervention effect P. barbatus shoot dry weight fell 7% to 18%, without statistical significance.
Association P. strictus shoot dry weight fell 13% to 31% as salinity increased.
Association Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased with salinity.
Association Sodium and chloride contents rose with salinity in both species.
Observation Authors judged both species sensitive at 7.5 and 10.0 dS⋅m −1.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The minimum acceptable nectar concentration for wild bumblebees was unaffected by experience.

Taxon: Penstemon spp.Penstemone1
Interactor: beesAnthophilae0pollinator
Outcome: minimum threshold of nectar acceptabilitye0
Direction: unaffectede0

Verbatim

e0
“bees had a minimum threshold of nectar acceptability that was unaffected by experience”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1049

e1
“wildflowers (Penstemon spp.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–708

Title

Wild bumblebees use both absolute and relative evaluation when foraging

Claire T Hemingway; Smruti Pimplikar; Felicity Muth Behavioral Ecology 2024. doi:10.1093/beheco/arad112

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

When environmental nectar was more concentrated, bumblebees were less likely to accept lower-quality rewards on manipulated plants.

Taxon: Penstemon spp.Penstemone1
Treatment: higher-concentration environmental nectare0
Interactor: wild bumblebeese2pollinator
Outcome: accept lower-quality rewards on manipulated plantse0
Direction: less likelye0

Verbatim

e0
“when there was higher-concentration environmental nectar, they were less likely to accept lower-quality rewards on manipulated plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1051–1184

e1
“wildflowers (Penstemon spp.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–708

e2
“wild bumblebees’ reward evaluation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 586–620

Title

Wild bumblebees use both absolute and relative evaluation when foraging

Claire T Hemingway; Smruti Pimplikar; Felicity Muth Behavioral Ecology 2024. doi:10.1093/beheco/arad112

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bees visited more flowers on plants with more concentrated nectar.

Taxon: Penstemon spp.Penstemone1
Treatment: higher-concentration nectare0
Interactor: BeesAnthophilae0pollinator
Outcome: visited more flowerse0
Direction: moree0

Verbatim

e0
“Bees also visited more flowers and stayed longer on plants with higher-concentration nectar.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1278

e1
“wildflowers (Penstemon spp.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–708

Title

Wild bumblebees use both absolute and relative evaluation when foraging

Claire T Hemingway; Smruti Pimplikar; Felicity Muth Behavioral Ecology 2024. doi:10.1093/beheco/arad112

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bees stayed longer on plants with more concentrated nectar.

Taxon: Penstemon spp.Penstemone1
Treatment: higher-concentration nectare0
Interactor: BeesAnthophilae0pollinator
Outcome: stayed longere0
Direction: longere0

Verbatim

e0
“Bees also visited more flowers and stayed longer on plants with higher-concentration nectar.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1278

e1
“wildflowers (Penstemon spp.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–708

Title

Wild bumblebees use both absolute and relative evaluation when foraging

Claire T Hemingway; Smruti Pimplikar; Felicity Muth Behavioral Ecology 2024. doi:10.1093/beheco/arad112

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Establishment was higher from deep furrows than from shallow rows.

Taxon: PenstemonPenstemont0
Treatment: deep furrowse3
Outcome: Establishmente3
Direction: highere3
Comparator: shallow rowse3

Verbatim

t0
“Native Penstemon Species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–80

e3
“Establishment was higher from deep furrows than shallow rows (p < 0.001)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 974–1046

Title

Breaking Dormancy and Increasing Restoration Success of Native Penstemon Species Using Gibberellic Acid Seed Coatings and U-Shaped Furrows

Amber J. Johnson; Bradley Geary; April Hulet; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12234005

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect GA3-coated Palmer's penstemon established 6 times more than uncoated seeds (p < 0.01).
Intervention effect GA3-coated thickleaf penstemon established 21 times more than uncoated seeds (p < 0.001).
Intervention effect GA3 coating did not affect establishment of firecracker penstemon.
Recommendation Land managers could use GA3 seed coatings and deep furrows to restore native forbs in dry, disturbed areas.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Anther morphology correlated with Penstemon anther dehiscence time.

Taxon: PenstemonPenstemont0
Organ / stage: anthere0
Outcome: anther dehiscence timee0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“We found that anther morphology was correlated with anther dehiscence time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 726–800

t0
“Penstemon”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97

t1
“Penstemon”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97

Title

Effect of climate, anther morphology and pollination syndrome on pollen availability in Penstemon

Rosa A Rodríguez-Peña; Andrea D. Wolfe Journal of Pollination Ecology 2023. doi:10.26786/1920-7603(2023)703

Other claims from this paper (4)

Association Penstemon anthers with wide openings took the longest to dehisce.
Association Hummingbird-pollinated Penstemon had longer dehiscence time than most bee-pollinated species.
Intervention effect High humidity increased Penstemon anther dehiscence time.
Intervention effect Low temperature increased Penstemon anther dehiscence time.

Penstemon 263 claims

263 claims