Abstract
The objective of the present study was to recognize the molecular background of the accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in pea ( Pisum sativum L.) seedlings under osmotic stress conditions. The exposure of 5-day-old pea seedlings to osmotic stress for 48 h created by immersing roots in PEG8000 solution (−1.5 MPa) induced synthesis of galactinol and RFOs (raffinose and stachyose) in the epicotyl and root tissues, but not in cotyledons. After 24 h of recovery, galactinol completely disappeared, raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotyls. The temporary accumulation of RFOs resulted from a dramatic increase in the enzymatic activity and changes in expression of galactinol synthase ( PsGolS ), raffinose synthase ( PsRS ) and stachyose synthase ( PsSTS ) genes. PsGolS was induced by osmotic stress in both epicotyls as well as in roots. PsRS and PsSTS were induced only in epicotyls, but repressed or remained unaffected in roots, respectively. During recovery, the expression and activity of PsGolS, PsRS and PsSTS dramatically decreased. The expression of PsGolS gene, that level of mRNA transcript significantly decreased during recovery and whose promoter region was identified to contain some stress-related regulating elements, seems to play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of RFOs under osmotic stress. Possible signals that may trigger the induction of expression of PsGolS , PsRS and PsSTS genes and accumulation of RFOs in pea seedlings are discussed.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced galactinol synthesis in pea epicotyls and roots, but not cotyledons.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- epicotyl and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress for 48 he0
- Outcome
- synthesis of galactinole0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- but not in cotyledonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The exposure of 5-day-old pea seedlings to osmotic stress for 48 h created by immersing roots in PEG8000 solution (−1.5 MPa) induced synthesis of galactinol and RFOs (raffinose and stachyose) in the epicotyl and root tissues, but not in cotyledons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced raffinose synthesis in pea epicotyls and roots, but not cotyledons.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- epicotyl and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress for 48 he0
- Outcome
- raffinosee0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- but not in cotyledonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The exposure of 5-day-old pea seedlings to osmotic stress for 48 h created by immersing roots in PEG8000 solution (−1.5 MPa) induced synthesis of galactinol and RFOs (raffinose and stachyose) in the epicotyl and root tissues, but not in cotyledons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced stachyose synthesis in pea epicotyls and roots, but not cotyledons.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- epicotyl and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress for 48 he0
- Outcome
- stachyosee0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- but not in cotyledonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The exposure of 5-day-old pea seedlings to osmotic stress for 48 h created by immersing roots in PEG8000 solution (−1.5 MPa) induced synthesis of galactinol and RFOs (raffinose and stachyose) in the epicotyl and root tissues, but not in cotyledons.”
Claim · model-written summary
After 24 hours of recovery, galactinol disappeared from pea roots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- galactinol completely disappearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 24 h of recovery, galactinol completely disappeared, raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotyls.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
After recovery, raffinose fell fourfold in pea roots but rose in epicotyls.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- raffinosee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- fourfolde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 24 h of recovery, galactinol completely disappeared, raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotyls.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
After recovery, stachyose fell twofold in pea roots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- stachyosee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- twofolde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 24 h of recovery, galactinol completely disappeared, raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotyls.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
After recovery, raffinose and stachyose increased in pea epicotyls.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- epicotylse0
- Outcome
- raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotylse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“raffinose decreased fourfold and stachyose decreased twofold in roots, but increased in epicotyls.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced PsGolS in pea epicotyls and roots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- epicotyls as well as in rootse0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse0
- Gene
- PsGolSe0
- Outcome
- PsGolSe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PsGolS was induced by osmotic stress in both epicotyls as well as in roots.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced PsRS in pea epicotyls and repressed it in roots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- epicotylse0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse1
- Gene
- PsRSe0
- Outcome
- PsRSe0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- repressed or remained unaffected in rootse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PsRS and PsSTS were induced only in epicotyls, but repressed or remained unaffected in roots, respectively.”
t0“pea”
e1“PsGolS was induced by osmotic stress in both epicotyls as well as in roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced PsSTS in pea epicotyls, whereas roots were unaffected.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- epicotylse0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse1
- Gene
- PsSTSe0
- Outcome
- PsSTSe0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- remained unaffected in rootse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PsRS and PsSTS were induced only in epicotyls, but repressed or remained unaffected in roots, respectively.”
t0“pea”
e1“PsGolS was induced by osmotic stress in both epicotyls as well as in roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
During recovery, PsGolS expression and activity decreased dramatically.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- PsGolSe0
- Outcome
- expression and activitye0
- Direction
- dramatically decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During recovery, the expression and activity of PsGolS, PsRS and PsSTS dramatically decreased.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
During recovery, PsRS expression and activity decreased dramatically.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- PsRSe0
- Outcome
- expression and activitye0
- Direction
- dramatically decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During recovery, the expression and activity of PsGolS, PsRS and PsSTS dramatically decreased.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
During recovery, PsSTS expression and activity decreased dramatically.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- PsSTSe0
- Outcome
- expression and activitye0
- Direction
- dramatically decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During recovery, the expression and activity of PsGolS, PsRS and PsSTS dramatically decreased.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The PsGolS promoter contained stress related regulatory elements.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- PsGolSe1
- Outcome
- promoter region was identified to contain some stress-related regulating elementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whose promoter region was identified to contain some stress-related regulating elements”
t0“pea”
e1“The expression of PsGolS gene”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest PsGolS plays a crucial role in RFO biosynthesis under osmotic stress.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The expression of PsGolS gene, that level of mRNA transcript significantly decreased during recovery and whose promoter region was identified to contain some stress-related regulating elements, seems to play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of RFOs under osmotic stress.”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.