Abstract
Silages were made from well-eared, well-matured corn which had received a normal rate of fertilization and from corn which had received an additional 200 lb. of nitrogen per acre. Neither silage contained significant amounts of nitrates. However, the high nitrogen-fertilized silage contained less beta carotene. Hereford steer calves grazing green pasture had high initial blood plasma carotenoids but low levels of vitamin A. After being fed a carotene-deficient ration consisting of white corn, molasses dried beet pulp and soybean meal for 61 days, plasma carotenoid levels declined markedly but vitamin A values increased to normal. The carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intake resulted in varying rates of gain but did not influence the rate of vitamin A depletion. Fifty-six steers which had been fed the depletion ration for 137 days were fed silage rations for 126 days. Blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levels quickly returned to normal after the silage rations were fed, and supplemental vitamin A had no measureable effect. Forty-two non-depleted steers were fed silage rations for 182 days, followed by a full feed of ground ear corn for 56 days. Feeding 20,000 I.U. of vitamin A per head daily brought about no improvement in performance or carcass value. However, plasma vitamin A values of nonsupplemented steers declined when the ear-corn ration which contained suboptimum amounts of carotene was fed. Growing-fattening steers were able to meet their daily vitamin A requirements from the carotene supplied by the corn silages. There were no apparent differences in feeding value of silages from corn which had received normal or excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilization.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Neither corn silage contained significant amounts of nitrates.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e3“Neither silage contained significant amounts of nitrates”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen fertilization reduced beta carotene content in corn silage compared with normal fertilization.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- high nitrogen-fertilizede2
- Outcome
- beta carotenee2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- normal rate of fertilizatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e1“Silages were made from well-eared, well-matured corn which had received a normal rate of fertilization”
e2“the high nitrogen-fertilized silage contained less beta carotene”
Claim · model-written summary
Hereford steer calves grazing green pasture had high initial blood plasma carotenoids.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Hereford steer calvese4
- Outcome
- blood plasma carotenoidse4
- Qualifier
- high initiale4
- Setting
- green pasturee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e4“Hereford steer calves grazing green pasture had high initial blood plasma carotenoids”
Claim · model-written summary
Hereford steer calves grazing green pasture had low levels of vitamin A.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Hereford steer calvese4
- Outcome
- levels of vitamin Ae5
- Qualifier
- lowe5
- Setting
- green pasturee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e4“Hereford steer calves grazing green pasture had high initial blood plasma carotenoids”
e5“but low levels of vitamin A”
Claim · model-written summary
A carotene-deficient ration for 61 days markedly declined plasma carotenoid levels in steers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carotene-deficient ratione0
- Outcome
- plasma carotenoid levelse6
- Direction
- declined markedlye6
- Qualifier
- for 61 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e6“plasma carotenoid levels declined markedly”
e0“After being fed a carotene-deficient ration consisting of white corn, molasses dried beet pulp and soybean meal for 61 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The carotene-deficient ration increased vitamin A values to normal in steers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carotene-deficient ratione0
- Outcome
- vitamin A valuese7
- Direction
- increased to normale7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e7“but vitamin A values increased to normal”
e0“After being fed a carotene-deficient ration consisting of white corn, molasses dried beet pulp and soybean meal for 61 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intake resulted in varying rates of gain.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intakee0
- Outcome
- rates of gaine0
- Qualifier
- varyinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“The carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intake resulted in varying rates of gain”
Claim · model-written summary
The carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intake did not influence the rate of vitamin A depletion.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intakee0
- Outcome
- rate of vitamin A depletione1
- Direction
- did not influencee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“The carotene-deficient ration at different levels of intake resulted in varying rates of gain”
e1“but did not influence the rate of vitamin A depletion”
Claim · model-written summary
Silage rations returned blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levels to normal in steers previously fed the depletion ration.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- silage rationse3
- Outcome
- Blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levelse3
- Direction
- returned to normale3
- Comparator
- depletion ratione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e2“Fifty-six steers which had been fed the depletion ration for 137 days were fed silage rations for 126 days”
e3“Blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levels quickly returned to normal after the silage rations were fed”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental vitamin A had no measurable effect in steers fed silage rations.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- supplemental vitamin Ae4
- Outcome
- Blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levelse3
- Direction
- had no measureable effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e3“Blood plasma carotenoid and vitamin A levels quickly returned to normal after the silage rations were fed”
e4“supplemental vitamin A had no measureable effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding 20,000 I.U. of vitamin A per head daily brought no improvement in performance or carcass value.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Feeding 20,000 I.U. of vitamin A per head dailye0
- Outcome
- performance or carcass valuee0
- Direction
- no improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“Feeding 20,000 I.U. of vitamin A per head daily brought about no improvement in performance or carcass value”
Claim · model-written summary
The ear-corn ration with suboptimum carotene declined plasma vitamin A values in nonsupplemented steers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ear-corn ration which contained suboptimum amounts of carotenee0
- Outcome
- plasma vitamin A valuese0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- nonsupplemented steerse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“plasma vitamin A values of nonsupplemented steers declined when the ear-corn ration which contained suboptimum amounts of carotene was fed”
Claim · model-written summary
Growing-fattening steers met their daily vitamin A requirements from carotene supplied by corn silages.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- carotene supplied by the corn silagese0
- Outcome
- daily vitamin A requirementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“Growing-fattening steers were able to meet their daily vitamin A requirements from the carotene supplied by the corn silages”
Claim · model-written summary
Silages from corn with excessive nitrogen fertilization showed no apparent difference in feeding value from normal fertilization.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- feeding value of silagese0
- Direction
- no apparent differencese0
- Comparator
- normale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Silages”
e0“There were no apparent differences in feeding value of silages from corn which had received normal or excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilization”
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