Abstract
1. While studying the inhibitory effects of cadmium ions on the reproduction of tobacco mosaic virus in vivo it was found that a dose of 160 mg. Cd2+ applied in two waterings to one plant (immediately before inoculation and the third day following inoculation) produced an average 70% inhibition, without in any way injuring the plants themselves. 2. The inhibitory effect of cadmium ions decreased considerably when the plants were watered with a cadmium ion solution 24 hours before inoculation. 3. The differences in the course of primary infection, as followed by means of iodine tests, were particularly apparent in the following respects: starch is lost from the infected leaves of the experimental plants more slowly, the development of chlorotic spots is slowed down and their delimitation and structure are not so sharp. 4. On some leaves of young tobacco plants (N. tabacum Samsun) larger doses of cadmium produce spots, which resemble the necrotic lesions on leaves ofN. glutinosa following infection with TMV. 5. Preliminary determination indicates that cadmium ions cause a disturbance of phosphorus metabolism. 6. In the discussion it is suggested that the inhibitory effect of cadmium ions on the reproduction of TMV may, analogically to the conception existing in animal physiology, be connected with the interaction of zinc and cadmium ions in nucleoprotein metabolism.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium watering inhibited tobacco mosaic virus reproduction by an average 70%.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- 160 mg. Cd2+e0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic virust0pathogen - Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a dose of 160 mg. Cd2+ applied in two waterings to one plant (immediately before inoculation and the third day following inoculation) produced an average 70% inhibition, without in any way injuring the plants themselves.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
At this dose cadmium did not injure the plants.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- 160 mg. Cd2+e0
- Outcome
- without in any way injuring the plants themselvese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a dose of 160 mg. Cd2+ applied in two waterings to one plant (immediately before inoculation and the third day following inoculation) produced an average 70% inhibition, without in any way injuring the plants themselves.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium inhibition was much weaker when applied 24 hours before inoculation.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- cadmium ion solution 24 hours before inoculatione0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virusTobacco mosaic virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory effecte0
- Direction
- decreased considerablye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory effect of cadmium ions decreased considerably when the plants were watered with a cadmium ion solution 24 hours before inoculation.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium-treated infected leaves lost starch more slowly.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virusTobacco mosaic virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- starch is lost from the infected leavese0
- Direction
- more slowlye0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch is lost from the infected leaves of the experimental plants more slowly, the development of chlorotic spots is slowed down and their delimitation and structure are not so sharp.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorotic spots developed more slowly on experimental plants.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virusTobacco mosaic virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- development of chlorotic spotse0
- Direction
- slowed downe0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch is lost from the infected leaves of the experimental plants more slowly, the development of chlorotic spots is slowed down and their delimitation and structure are not so sharp.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorotic spots had less sharp delimitation and structure.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virusTobacco mosaic virust0pathogen
- Outcome
- delimitation and structure are not so sharpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their delimitation and structure are not so sharp.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger cadmium doses produced lesion-like spots on young tobacco leaves.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“On some leaves of young tobacco plants (N. tabacum Samsun) larger doses of cadmium produce spots, which resemble the necrotic lesions on leaves ofN. glutinosa following infection with TMV.”
Claim · model-written summary
Preliminary tests indicated cadmium ions disturbed phosphorus metabolism.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- cadmium ionse0
- Outcome
- disturbance of phosphorus metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preliminary determination indicates that cadmium ions cause a disturbance of phosphorus metabolism.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesized that zinc-cadmium interaction in nucleoprotein metabolism may explain viral inhibition.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of cadmium ions on the reproduction of TMVe0
- Qualifier
- interaction of zinc and cadmium ions in nucleoprotein metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibitory effect of cadmium ions on the reproduction of TMV may, analogically to the conception existing in animal physiology, be connected with the interaction of zinc and cadmium ions in nucleoprotein metabolism.”
t0“tobacco mosaic virus”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Tobacco mosaic virus · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.