Abstract
Abstract Flooding imposes severe selection pressure on plants, principally because excess water in their surroundings deprives the plants from certain basic resources such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and light for photosynthesis. Here, the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application and their application time, on four Indica rice cultivars and their tolerance to submergence under turbid and clear flood water was studied. Submergence tolerance on metabolic changes, photosynthetic (Pn) rate and ethylene accumulation were evaluated. Submergence substantially reduced survival, chlorophyll, soluble sugars, Pn rate across cultivars with drastic reduction in IR ‐20. Sub1 cultivars showed greater Pn rate as compared to sensitive cultivar under submergence because of better protection of chlorophyll, more stomatal conductance leading to higher survival. Turbid water resulted in lower under‐water photosynthesis because of poor light transmission, chlorophyll retention and silt deposition and ultimately poor survival. Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal P improved the chlorophyll, soluble sugars and Pn rate and extenuated ethylene accumulation and shoot elongation resulting in significantly higher survival. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a study has been performed. Crop establishment could therefore be enhanced in areas where untimely flooding is anticipated by applying basal P and foliar spray of post‐submergence N.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence reduced survival, chlorophyll, soluble sugars and photosynthetic rate across cultivars, most sharply in IR ‐20.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- IR ‐20e0
- Treatment
- Submergencee0
- Outcome
- survival, chlorophyll, soluble sugars, Pn ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Submergence substantially reduced survival, chlorophyll, soluble sugars, Pn rate across cultivars with drastic reduction in IR ‐20.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sub1 cultivars had greater photosynthetic rate than a sensitive cultivar under submergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sub1 cultivarse0
- Outcome
- Pn ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- sensitive cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sub1 cultivars showed greater Pn rate as compared to sensitive cultivar under submergence”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sub1 cultivars had better chlorophyll protection and more stomatal conductance, associated with higher survival.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- higher survivale0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- better protection of chlorophyll, more stomatal conductancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“because of better protection of chlorophyll, more stomatal conductance leading to higher survival”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Turbid water lowered underwater photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Turbid watere0
- Outcome
- under‐water photosynthesise0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- clear flood watere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Turbid water resulted in lower under‐water photosynthesis”
t0“rice”
e1“under turbid and clear flood water was studied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Turbid water led to poor survival.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Turbid watere0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- poore0
- Comparator
- clear flood watere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Turbid water resulted in lower under‐water photosynthesis because of poor light transmission, chlorophyll retention and silt deposition and ultimately poor survival.”
t0“rice”
e1“under turbid and clear flood water was studied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-submergence foliar nitrogen with basal phosphorus improved chlorophyll, soluble sugars and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal Pe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, soluble sugars and Pn ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal P improved the chlorophyll, soluble sugars and Pn rate”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-submergence foliar nitrogen with basal phosphorus reduced ethylene accumulation and shoot elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal Pe0
- Outcome
- ethylene accumulation and shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- extenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal P improved the chlorophyll, soluble sugars and Pn rate and extenuated ethylene accumulation and shoot elongation”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-submergence foliar nitrogen with basal phosphorus significantly increased survival.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal Pe0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of N after desubmergence along with basal P improved the chlorophyll, soluble sugars and Pn rate and extenuated ethylene accumulation and shoot elongation resulting in significantly higher survival.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend basal phosphorus and post-submergence foliar nitrogen where flooding is anticipated.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- applying basal P and foliar spray of post‐submergence Ne0
- Qualifier
- areas where untimely flooding is anticipatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop establishment could therefore be enhanced in areas where untimely flooding is anticipated by applying basal P and foliar spray of post‐submergence N.”
t0“rice”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.