Paper · 2008 · PubMed

Direct, residual and direct + residual effects of sulphur in garlic (Allium sativum)-maize (Zea mays) cropping sequence.

R C Jaggi; S K Raina

12
claims
18
verbatim quotes
9
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Significant positive effects of 30 kg/ha of sulphur as manifested on yield and yield parameters of garlic were further carried over to following maize crop. Garlic bulb and foliage yield (6.3 and 0.8 t/ha respectively) obtained at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose was significantly higher over without sulphur (3.7 and 0.5 t/ha respectively) as revealed from two years' pooled data. Similarly number of leaves/plant, weight of cloves/5bulbs and weight/100 cloves at the said sulphur dose significantly increased over without sulphur from 10.5 to 11.9, 98.3 to 141.2 g and from 159 to 217 g in respective manner Increase in grain yield of maize (residual effect) and in the economic yield of the whole cropping sequence (Bulb yield of garlic and grain yield of maize) i.e. direct plus residual effect at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose over without sulphur was from 28.3 to 47.2 and from 71 to 116 q/ha in respective manner i.e. with significant differences. Sulphur use efficiencies (kg yield/kg sulphur) of these crops at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha over no sulphur were 57, 43 and 32; 53, 63 and 6 and 160, 150 and 67, all in respective order An optimum sulphur dose of 44.3 kg/ha produced increased bulb yield (over no S) worth Rs 34892 over fertilizer cost giving B:C ratio of 31.5:1. Utilization of sulphur added at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha rates was 24.1, 19.3 and 15.7% by the garlic crop; and 29.6. 24.5 and 9.02% by the following maize crop, thus, adding up to 54.1, 43.8 and 24.9% by the cropping sequence, all in respective order.

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Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Garlic bulb yield at 30 kg/ha sulphur was 6.3 t/ha versus 3.7 t/ha without sulphur.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
30 kg/ha of sulphur dosee0
Outcome
Garlic bulb and foliage yielde0
Direction
significantly highere0
Value
6.3e0
Qualifier
3.7e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Garlic bulb and foliage yield (6.3 and 0.8 t/ha respectively) obtained at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose was significantly higher over without sulphur (3.7 and 0.5 t/ha respectively)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 157–333 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Garlic foliage yield at 30 kg/ha sulphur was 0.8 t/ha versus 0.5 t/ha without sulphur.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
30 kg/ha of sulphur dosee0
Outcome
foliage yielde0
Direction
significantly highere0
Value
0.8 t/hae0
Qualifier
0.5 t/hae0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Garlic bulb and foliage yield (6.3 and 0.8 t/ha respectively) obtained at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose was significantly higher over without sulphur (3.7 and 0.5 t/ha respectively)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 157–333 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Garlic leaves per plant increased from 10.5 to 11.9 with 30 kg/ha sulphur.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
said sulphur dosee0
Outcome
number of leaves/plante0
Direction
significantly increasede0
Value
11.9e0
Qualifier
10.5e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of leaves/plant, weight of cloves/5bulbs and weight/100 cloves at the said sulphur dose significantly increased over without sulphur from 10.5 to 11.9, 98.3 to 141.2 g and from 159 to 217 g”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–581 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–84 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weight of cloves per five garlic bulbs increased from 98.3 to 141.2 g with sulphur.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
said sulphur dosee0
Outcome
weight of cloves/5bulbse0
Direction
significantly increasede0
Value
141.2 ge0
Qualifier
98.3e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of leaves/plant, weight of cloves/5bulbs and weight/100 cloves at the said sulphur dose significantly increased over without sulphur from 10.5 to 11.9, 98.3 to 141.2 g and from 159 to 217 g”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–581 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–84 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Garlic weight per 100 cloves increased from 159 to 217 g with sulphur.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
said sulphur dosee0
Outcome
weight/100 clovese0
Direction
significantly increasede0
Value
217 ge0
Qualifier
159e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of leaves/plant, weight of cloves/5bulbs and weight/100 cloves at the said sulphur dose significantly increased over without sulphur from 10.5 to 11.9, 98.3 to 141.2 g and from 159 to 217 g”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–581 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–84 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Residual 30 kg/ha sulphur increased maize grain yield from 28.3 to 47.2 q/ha.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
30 kg/ha of sulphur dosee0
Outcome
grain yield of maizee0
Direction
Increasee0
Value
47.2e0
Qualifier
28.3e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Increase in grain yield of maize (residual effect) and in the economic yield of the whole cropping sequence (Bulb yield of garlic and grain yield of maize) i.e. direct plus residual effect at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose over without sulphur was from 28.3 to 47.2 and from 71 to 116 q/ha in respective manner i.e. with significant differences”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 603–941 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The economic yield of the garlic-maize sequence increased from 71 to 116 q/ha with 30 kg/ha sulphur.

Taxon
garlic and grain yield of maizee0
Treatment
30 kg/ha of sulphur dosee0
Outcome
economic yield of the whole cropping sequencee0
Direction
from 71 to 116e0
Value
116 q/hae0
Qualifier
71e0
Comparator
without sulphure0

Verbatim

e0

“economic yield of the whole cropping sequence (Bulb yield of garlic and grain yield of maize) i.e. direct plus residual effect at 30 kg/ha of sulphur dose over without sulphur was from 28.3 to 47.2 and from 71 to 116 q/ha in respective manner i.e. with significant differences”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 665–941 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sulphur use efficiencies were reported for garlic and maize at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha.

Taxon
garlic (Allium sativum)-maize (Zea mays)Allium sativumt0
Outcome
Sulphur use efficienciese0
Value
57, 43 and 32; 53, 63 and 6 and 160, 150 and 67e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Sulphur use efficiencies (kg yield/kg sulphur) of these crops at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha over no sulphur were 57, 43 and 32; 53, 63 and 6 and 160, 150 and 67, all in respective order”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 943–1121 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)-maize (Zea mays)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–101 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An optimum sulphur dose of 44.3 kg/ha gave a garlic bulb yield increase worth Rs 34892 over fertilizer cost, with a 31.5:1 benefit-cost ratio.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
44.3 kg/hae0
Outcome
bulb yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
Rs 34892e0
Qualifier
B:C ratio of 31.5:1e0
Comparator
no Se0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“An optimum sulphur dose of 44.3 kg/ha produced increased bulb yield (over no S) worth Rs 34892 over fertilizer cost giving B:C ratio of 31.5:1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1122–1264 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–84 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Garlic utilized 24.1, 19.3 and 15.7% of sulphur applied at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha, respectively.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
15, 30 and 45 kg/ha ratese0
Outcome
Utilization of sulphure0
Value
24.1, 19.3 and 15.7%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Utilization of sulphur added at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha rates was 24.1, 19.3 and 15.7% by the garlic crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1266–1367 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Following maize utilized 29.6, 24.5 and 9.02% of sulphur applied at 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
following maize crope0
Value
29.6. 24.5 and 9.02%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“29.6. 24.5 and 9.02% by the following maize crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1373–1421 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined sulphur utilization in the garlic-maize sequence was 54.1, 43.8 and 24.9% at the three application rates.

Taxon
garlic (Allium sativum)-maize (Zea mays)Allium sativumt0
Outcome
cropping sequencee0
Value
54.1, 43.8 and 24.9%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“thus, adding up to 54.1, 43.8 and 24.9% by the cropping sequence”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1423–1487 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic (Allium sativum)-maize (Zea mays)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–101 · show in text ↑

sulfur atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

82 papers: 69 positive, 13 negative or no effect

68 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

78 papers more in this group

See all 82 papers →

sulfur atom · growth · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree

19 papers: 19 positive, 0 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

15 papers more in this group

See all 19 papers →

sulfur atom · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree

33 papers: 33 positive, 0 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

29 papers more in this group

See all 33 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.