Abstract
Apple fruits are highly susceptible to superficial scald, which is currently controlled by both chemical- and non-chemical-based technologies. The possible threat of withdrawal of diphenylamine (DPA) for the control of superficial scald has prompted us to investigate the biochemical and molecular aspects of scald resistance. We have selected genetic populations of a cross between `White Angel' and `Rome Beauty' that are resistant and susceptible to scald, and investigated whether the resistance of scald in these populations is due to the higher antioxidant-based defense systems. Cortical tissue of fruits (0–3 cm) was peeled and analyzed for conjugated trienes, H 2 O 2 , carbonyl groups, and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidases (POX). Scald-resistant fruits at harvest had higher antioxidant enzymes and low levels of conjugated trienes, carbonyl compounds, and H 2 O 2 levels compared to fruits that are susceptible to scald. Further, H 2 O 2 levels rose in scald-susceptible fruits stored under low temperature with a concomitant increase in the production of conjugated trienes and carbonyl compounds, while no major changes were observed in scald-resistant fruits. Enhanced levels of H 2 O 2 in scald-susceptible populations could be related to enhanced SOD activities and decreased activities of H 2 O 2 degrading enzymes, suggesting that an imbalance between /H 2 O 2 may have occurred. These results indicate that a coordination between SOD and H 2 O 2 degrading enzymes in scald resistant populations may have minimized the influence of AOS on the oxidation of α-farnesene, protein, and, thereby, on scald. Hence, we have hypothesized that enhancing the potential of apple fruit to metabolize AOS develops resistance to superficial scald. [Supported in part by USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1931-5-017.]
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Scald-resistant apple fruits at harvest had higher antioxidant enzymes than susceptible fruits.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- fruits that are susceptible to scalde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e0“Scald-resistant fruits at harvest had higher antioxidant enzymes and low levels of conjugated trienes, carbonyl compounds, and H 2 O 2 levels compared to fruits that are susceptible to scald”
Claim · model-written summary
Scald-resistant apple fruits at harvest had low levels of conjugated trienes, carbonyl compounds and H2O2 compared to susceptible fruits.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- conjugated trienes, carbonyl compounds, and H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- fruits that are susceptible to scalde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e0“Scald-resistant fruits at harvest had higher antioxidant enzymes and low levels of conjugated trienes, carbonyl compounds, and H 2 O 2 levels compared to fruits that are susceptible to scald”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 levels rose in scald-susceptible apple fruits stored under low temperature.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald-susceptible fruitse1
- Treatment
- stored under low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2 levelse1
- Direction
- rosee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e1“H 2 O 2 levels rose in scald-susceptible fruits stored under low temperature with a concomitant increase in the production of conjugated trienes and carbonyl compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Scald-susceptible apple fruits stored under low temperature had a concomitant increase in conjugated trienes and carbonyl compounds.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald-susceptible fruitse1
- Treatment
- stored under low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- production of conjugated trienes and carbonyl compoundse1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e1“H 2 O 2 levels rose in scald-susceptible fruits stored under low temperature with a concomitant increase in the production of conjugated trienes and carbonyl compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Scald-resistant apple fruits showed no major changes in storage.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald-resistant fruitse2
- Outcome
- major changese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e2“while no major changes were observed in scald-resistant fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced H2O2 levels in scald-susceptible apple populations could be related to enhanced SOD activities.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald-susceptible populationse3
- Gene
- SODe3
- Outcome
- SOD activitiese3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e3“Enhanced levels of H 2 O 2 in scald-susceptible populations could be related to enhanced SOD activities and decreased activities of H 2 O 2 degrading enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Scald-susceptible apple populations had decreased activities of H2O2-degrading enzymes.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald-susceptible populationse3
- Outcome
- activities of H 2 O 2 degrading enzymese3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e3“Enhanced levels of H 2 O 2 in scald-susceptible populations could be related to enhanced SOD activities and decreased activities of H 2 O 2 degrading enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Coordination between SOD and H2O2-degrading enzymes in scald-resistant apple populations may have minimized oxidation of alpha-farnesene and scald.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- scald resistant populationse4
- Gene
- SODe4
- Outcome
- oxidation of α-farnesenee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Resistance to Superficial Scald in Apple Fruits”
e4“a coordination between SOD and H 2 O 2 degrading enzymes in scald resistant populations may have minimized the influence of AOS on the oxidation of α-farnesene, protein, and, thereby, on scald”
The same questions in other papers
cold · physiology: oxidative · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
cold · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
storage · physiology: oxidative · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →storage · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.