Abstract
Plants grow in a light/dark cycle. We have investigated how growth is buffered against the resulting changes in the carbon supply. Growth of primary roots of Arabidopsis seedlings was monitored using time-resolved video imaging. The average daily rate of growth is increased in longer light periods or by addition of sugars. It responds slowly over days when the conditions are changed. The momentary rate of growth exhibits a robust diel oscillation with a minimum 8-9 h after dawn and a maximum towards the end of the night. Analyses with starch metabolism mutants show that starch turnover is required to maintain growth at night. A carbon shortfall leads to an inhibition of growth, which is not immediately reversed when carbon becomes available again. The diel oscillation persists in continuous light and is strongly modified in clock mutants. Central clock functions that depend on CCA1/LHY are required to set an appropriate rate of starch degradation and maintain a supply of carbon to support growth through to dawn, whereas ELF3 acts to decrease growth in the light period and promote growth in the night. Thus, while the overall growth rate depends on the carbon supply, the clock orchestrates diurnal carbon allocation and growth.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Longer light periods increased average daily root growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- longer light periodse0
- Outcome
- average daily rate of growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average daily rate of growth is increased in longer light periods”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Added sugars increased average daily root growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- addition of sugarse0
- Outcome
- average daily rate of growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average daily rate of growth is increased in longer light periods or by addition of sugars”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth adjusted slowly over days after a change in conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- responds slowly over dayse0
- Qualifier
- when the conditions are changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It responds slowly over days when the conditions are changed”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Momentary root growth had a diel minimum 8-9 hours after dawn.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- momentary rate of growthe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 8-9 h after dawne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The momentary rate of growth exhibits a robust diel oscillation with a minimum 8-9 h after dawn”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Momentary root growth peaked near the end of the night.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- maximume0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- towards the end of the nighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a maximum towards the end of the night”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch turnover was required to maintain root growth at night.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- maintain growth at nighte0
- Qualifier
- starch turnovere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch turnover is required to maintain growth at night”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
A carbon shortfall inhibited growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- carbon shortfalle0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A carbon shortfall leads to an inhibition of growth”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth inhibition persisted after carbon became available again.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- not immediately reversede0
- Qualifier
- when carbon becomes available againe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which is not immediately reversed when carbon becomes available again”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The diel root growth oscillation persisted under continuous light.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- continuous lighte0
- Outcome
- diel oscillation persistse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The diel oscillation persists in continuous light”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Clock mutants strongly modified the diel root growth oscillation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- clock mutantse0
- Outcome
- diel oscillatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“is strongly modified in clock mutants”
e1“The diel oscillation persists in continuous light”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
CCA1/LHY-dependent clock functions set an appropriate starch degradation rate and maintained carbon supply through dawn.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- CCA1/LHYe0
- Outcome
- rate of starch degradation and maintain a supply of carbone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Central clock functions that depend on CCA1/LHY are required to set an appropriate rate of starch degradation and maintain a supply of carbon to support growth through to dawn”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
ELF3 decreased growth during the light period.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- ELF3e0
- Outcome
- decrease growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ELF3 acts to decrease growth in the light period”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
ELF3 promoted growth at night.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- ELF3e0
- Outcome
- promote growth in the nighte0
- Direction
- promotee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ELF3 acts to decrease growth in the light period and promote growth in the night”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 44 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.