Abstract
Background and Aims When sunlight was excluded (opacity coefficient 100%) from fruitset until maturity, the red grape cultivar Jingxiu failed to colour while Jingyan (Jingxiu × white grape Xiangfei) developed red colour. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the genetic background that may be responsible for sunlight-dependent versus sunlight-independent anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry skin. Methods and Results The composition and concentration of anthocyanins via high-performance liquid chromatography, and the transcriptional level of structural and regulatory genes via real-time polymerase chain reaction were investigated. Light exclusion suppressed all the anthocyanins in Jingxiu berry skin, but did not change the proportion of the various anthocyanins in Jingyan. UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) and a v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog transcription factor (VvMYBA1) were expressed at a high level in sunlight-exposed Jingxiu, sunlight-exposed and excluded Jingyan, but not in sunlight-excluded Jingxiu, which correlated with phenotypic colouration (red vs not red). There was no difference in the DNA sequence of the VvMYBA1b promoter region between Jingxiu and Jingyan. Conclusions The regulatory gene VvMYBA1 is involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis via the structural gene UFGT, while there must be some other regulatory factors or post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms that differentially regulated VvMYBA1 in Jingxiu and Jingyan in response to sunlight. Significance of the Study The primary control mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the absence of sunlight would provide information for breeding sunlight-independent red grape cultivars, which would be valuable for cultivation in areas with low sunlight, e.g. glasshouses or other covered cropping.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Jingxiu failed to colour under sunlight exclusion.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Material
- Jingxiue0
- Treatment
- sunlight was excluded (opacity coefficient 100%)e0
- Outcome
- failed to coloure0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“When sunlight was excluded (opacity coefficient 100%) from fruitset until maturity, the red grape cultivar Jingxiu failed to colour”
Claim · model-written summary
Jingyan developed red colour under sunlight exclusion.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“When sunlight was excluded (opacity coefficient 100%) from fruitset until maturity, the red grape cultivar Jingxiu failed to colour while Jingyan (Jingxiu × white grape Xiangfei) developed red colour”
Claim · model-written summary
Light exclusion suppressed all anthocyanins in Jingxiu berry skin.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Material
- Jingxiue0
- Organ / stage
- berry skine0
- Treatment
- Light exclusione0
- Outcome
- all the anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Light exclusion suppressed all the anthocyanins in Jingxiu berry skin”
t0“grape cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Light exclusion did not change anthocyanin proportions in Jingyan.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Material
- Jingyane0
- Treatment
- Light exclusione0
- Outcome
- proportion of the various anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Light exclusion suppressed all the anthocyanins in Jingxiu berry skin, but did not change the proportion of the various anthocyanins in Jingyan”
t0“grape cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
UFGT and VvMYBA1 expression was high in exposed Jingxiu and both light conditions of Jingyan, but not excluded Jingxiu.
Verbatim
e0“UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) and a v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog transcription factor (VvMYBA1) were expressed at a high level in sunlight-exposed Jingxiu, sunlight-exposed and excluded Jingyan, but not in sunlight-excluded Jingxiu”
t0“grape cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
VvMYBA1b promoter sequence did not differ between Jingxiu and Jingyan.
Verbatim
e0“There was no difference in the DNA sequence of the VvMYBA1b promoter region between Jingxiu and Jingyan”
t0“grape cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer VvMYBA1 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis via UFGT.
Verbatim
e0“The regulatory gene VvMYBA1 is involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis via the structural gene UFGT”
t0“grape cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer other regulatory or post-transcriptional mechanisms differ between cultivars in sunlight response.
Verbatim
e0“there must be some other regulatory factors or post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms that differentially regulated VvMYBA1 in Jingxiu and Jingyan in response to sunlight”
t0“grape cultivars”
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.