Abstract
The elongation of mesocotyl and coleoptile plays important roles in the seedling emergence and stand establishment of dry direct-seeded rice. Experiments were carried out to elucidate the effects of seed-presoaking treatments of GA and some inorganic salts on the mesocotyl, and coleoptile elongation of rice. Seed-soaked GA promoted the elongation of mesocotyl, but little effect on the coleoptile elongation. The stimulation effects of GA were found to be enhanced by addition of CaCl However, the sole treatment of CaCl showed no stimulating effect on the mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation. Mesocotyl elongation was most prominent in the combined treatments of 50ppm GA with 100 mM CaCl. The synergistic effects of GA and CaCl on mesocotyl elongation varied with varietal groups. The stimulating effects of GA were enhanced significantly by the addition of CaCl in japonica varieties, Dongjinbyeo, Ilpumbyeo and Milyang 95, and tall indica variety, Labelle, but not in semidwarf Tongil type varieties, Tongilbyeo, Milyang 23, and Nampungbyeo, and semi-dwarf indica, Short Labelle. The promoting effects of GA on the mesocotyl elongation were decreased in proportion to the lowered osmotic potential by PEG 6000 on the contrary to CaCl This implies that the synergistic effects of CaCl with GA on mesocotyl elongation was not caused by osmotic potential lowered by CaCl addition but by the salt itself. Salts such as Ca(NO), MgCl BaCl, NaCl, KCl and KNO showed the synergistic effects with GA on mesocotyl elongation as well. The degree of synergistic effects showed no differences among salts tested, implying that there is no specificity of ions constituting the salts.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
GA seed soaking promoted mesocotyl elongation.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Seed-soaked GAe0
- Outcome
- elongation of mesocotyle0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed-soaked GA promoted the elongation of mesocotyl”
t0“seed-soaked GA3 and inorganic salts on mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation in rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA seed soaking had little effect on coleoptile elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- GAt0
- Outcome
- coleoptile elongatione0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but little effect on the coleoptile elongation”
t0“seed-soaked GA3 and inorganic salts on mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding CaCl enhanced GA stimulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of CaCle0
- Outcome
- stimulation effects of GAe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stimulation effects of GA were found to be enhanced by addition of CaCl”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CaCl alone did not stimulate mesocotyl or coleoptile elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- sole treatment of CaCle0
- Outcome
- mesocotyl and coleoptile elongatione0
- Direction
- no stimulating effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sole treatment of CaCl showed no stimulating effect on the mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesocotyl elongation was greatest with 50ppm GA plus 100 mM CaCl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 50ppm GA with 100 mM CaCle0
- Outcome
- Mesocotyl elongatione0
- Direction
- most prominente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesocotyl elongation was most prominent in the combined treatments of 50ppm GA with 100 mM CaCl”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
GA and CaCl synergy differed among varietal groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- synergistic effects of GA and CaCl on mesocotyl elongatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The synergistic effects of GA and CaCl on mesocotyl elongation varied with varietal groups”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CaCl significantly enhanced GA stimulation in Dongjinbyeo, Ilpumbyeo, Milyang 95 and Labelle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of CaCle0
- Outcome
- stimulating effects of GAe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stimulating effects of GA were enhanced significantly by the addition of CaCl in japonica varieties, Dongjinbyeo, Ilpumbyeo and Milyang 95, and tall indica variety, Labelle”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CaCl did not enhance GA stimulation in Tongilbyeo, Milyang 23, Nampungbyeo or Short Labelle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- CaCle2
- Outcome
- stimulating effects of GAe1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not in semidwarf Tongil type varieties, Tongilbyeo, Milyang 23, and Nampungbyeo, and semi-dwarf indica, Short Labelle”
t0“seed-soaked GA3 and inorganic salts on mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation in rice”
e1“The stimulating effects of GA were enhanced significantly by the addition of CaCl in japonica varieties, Dongjinbyeo, Ilpumbyeo and Milyang 95, and tall indica variety, Labelle”
e2“The stimulation effects of GA were found to be enhanced by addition of CaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower osmotic potential with PEG 6000 reduced GA promotion of mesocotyl elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PEG 6000e0
- Outcome
- promoting effects of GA on the mesocotyl elongatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The promoting effects of GA on the mesocotyl elongation were decreased in proportion to the lowered osmotic potential by PEG 6000”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Other tested salts also acted synergistically with GA on mesocotyl elongation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Salts such as Ca(NO), MgCl BaCl, NaCl, KCl and KNOe0
- Outcome
- synergistic effects with GA on mesocotyl elongatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salts such as Ca(NO), MgCl BaCl, NaCl, KCl and KNO showed the synergistic effects with GA on mesocotyl elongation as well”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The degree of synergy did not differ among salts tested.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- degree of synergistic effectse0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The degree of synergistic effects showed no differences among salts tested”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred that CaCl synergy resulted from the salt itself rather than osmotic potential.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- synergistic effects of CaCl with GA on mesocotyl elongatione0
- Qualifier
- by the salt itselfe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the synergistic effects of CaCl with GA on mesocotyl elongation was not caused by osmotic potential lowered by CaCl addition but by the salt itself”
t0“rice”
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