Abstract
NAA, carbaryl and ethephon were applied separately or in mixture or additionaly with SADH on the Golden Delicious trees, in five experiments, with the aim of regulating fruiting and increase fruit size. The best results were obtained after treatment with carbaryl at cone. 2500-3000 mg/L separately or with the mixture of carbaryl and NAA at cone. 1500 and 40 mg/L, respectively. These chemicals in general caused succesful thinning and increased fruit size. The lower yield was recompensed by higher quality of apples. The results after treatments with carbaryl in mixture with NAA were comparable to those after hand thinning. NAA increased of apple size effectively also, but only at cone. 40 mg/L or higher. However at cone. higher than 40 mg/L the chemical caused injuries of the leaves and youngest shoots. NAA applied separately was less effective than in the mixture with carbaryl. Ethephon at conc. 400 mg/L, applied 14 days after blooming, caused succesful thinning in general and increased fruit size but to a smaller degree than the other chemicals. However ethephon applied in mixture with NAA increased size similarly as hand thinning. In subsequent year the trees sprayed with the mixture of ethephon and NAA yielded abundantly and the apples were smaller than control onces, consequently. Ethephon applied jointly with carbaryl didn't increase the fruit size in spite of the reduction their number. The mixture of ethephon and SADH caused succesful thinning and increased the fruit size in the year of thinning. But in subsequent year the apples were smaller than in control as a consequence of higher yield.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl at 2500-3000 mg/L gave the best results, alone or in mixture with NAA.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- carbaryl at cone. 2500-3000 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- best resultse1
- Direction
- beste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e1“The best results were obtained after treatment with carbaryl at cone. 2500-3000 mg/L separately or with the mixture of carbaryl and NAA at cone. 1500 and 40 mg/L, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl in mixture with NAA gave results comparable to hand thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- carbaryl in mixture with NAAe2
- Outcome
- resultse2
- Comparator
- hand thinninge2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e2“The results after treatments with carbaryl in mixture with NAA were comparable to those after hand thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA increased apple size only at 40 mg/L or higher.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- NAAe3
- Outcome
- apple sizee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 40 mg/Le3
- Qualifier
- only at cone. 40 mg/L or highere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e3“NAA increased of apple size effectively also, but only at cone. 40 mg/L or higher”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA above 40 mg/L caused injuries to leaves and youngest shoots.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- higher than 40 mg/Le4
- Outcome
- injuries of the leaves and youngest shootse4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e4“at cone. higher than 40 mg/L the chemical caused injuries of the leaves and youngest shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA applied separately was less effective than NAA in mixture with carbaryl.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- NAA applied separatelye5
- Outcome
- effectivee5
- Direction
- lesse5
- Comparator
- mixture with carbaryle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e5“NAA applied separately was less effective than in the mixture with carbaryl”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 400 mg/L applied 14 days after blooming caused successful thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ethephon at conc. 400 mg/L, applied 14 days after bloominge6
- Outcome
- succesful thinninge6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e6“Ethephon at conc. 400 mg/L, applied 14 days after blooming, caused succesful thinning in general and increased fruit size but to a smaller degree than the other chemicals”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at 400 mg/L increased fruit size, but to a smaller degree than the other chemicals.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ethephon at conc. 400 mg/L, applied 14 days after bloominge6
- Outcome
- fruit sizee6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- to a smaller degreee6
- Comparator
- other chemicalse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e6“Ethephon at conc. 400 mg/L, applied 14 days after blooming, caused succesful thinning in general and increased fruit size but to a smaller degree than the other chemicals”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon applied in mixture with NAA increased size similarly to hand thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ethephon applied in mixture with NAAe7
- Outcome
- sizee7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- similarlye7
- Comparator
- hand thinninge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e7“However ethephon applied in mixture with NAA increased size similarly as hand thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
In the subsequent year, trees sprayed with ethephon and NAA yielded abundantly.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of ethephon and NAAe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- abundantlye0
- Qualifier
- In subsequent yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“In subsequent year the trees sprayed with the mixture of ethephon and NAA yielded abundantly and the apples were smaller than control onces”
Claim · model-written summary
In the subsequent year, apples from trees sprayed with ethephon and NAA were smaller than the control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of ethephon and NAAe0
- Outcome
- applese0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Qualifier
- subsequent yeare0
- Comparator
- control oncese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“In subsequent year the trees sprayed with the mixture of ethephon and NAA yielded abundantly and the apples were smaller than control onces”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon and SADH mixture caused successful thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of ethephon and SADHe0
- Outcome
- succesful thinninge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“The mixture of ethephon and SADH caused succesful thinning and increased the fruit size in the year of thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon and SADH mixture increased fruit size in the year of thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of ethephon and SADHe0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in the year of thinninge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“The mixture of ethephon and SADH caused succesful thinning and increased the fruit size in the year of thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
In the subsequent year, apples after ethephon and SADH were smaller than control as a consequence of higher yield.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mixture of ethephon and SADHe0
- Outcome
- applese1
- Direction
- smallere1
- Qualifier
- higher yielde1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“The mixture of ethephon and SADH caused succesful thinning and increased the fruit size in the year of thinning”
e1“But in subsequent year the apples were smaller than in control as a consequence of higher yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon applied jointly with carbaryl did not increase fruit size.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ethephon applied jointly with carbaryle0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- didn't increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple fruitlet thinning”
e0“Ethephon applied jointly with carbaryl didn't increase the fruit size in spite of the reduction their number”
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