Abstract
Terbacil applied to whole-spur `Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees reduced photosynthesis and fruit set. The addition of the surfactant X-77 to terbacil sprays increased fruit thinning and leaf injury. Terbacil sprays applied to leaves only (fruit covered with foil) were as effective as when applied to leaves plus fruit. Dipping fruit alone in a terbacil solution did not cause abscission. Shading trees for 4 days with 92% polypropylene shade material reduced fruit set =50%. Spraying trees with carbaryl reduced fruit set by 25%. The combination of shade + carbaryl spraying reduced fruit set by 89%. Chemical names used: l-naphthalenyl methylcarbamate (carbaryl); 3-tert- butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil (terbacil); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon); alkaryl polyoxyethylene alcohols (X-77).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Terbacil reduced photosynthesis in Delicious apple trees.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Material
- `Delicious'e0
- Treatment
- Terbacile0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Terbacil applied to whole-spur `Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees reduced photosynthesis and fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbacil reduced fruit set in Delicious apple trees.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Terbacile0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Terbacil applied to whole-spur `Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees reduced photosynthesis and fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding X-77 to terbacil increased fruit thinning.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- addition of the surfactant X-77 to terbacil sprayse0
- Outcome
- fruit thinninge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- terbacil sprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of the surfactant X-77 to terbacil sprays increased fruit thinning and leaf injury”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding X-77 to terbacil increased leaf injury.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- addition of the surfactant X-77 to terbacil sprayse0
- Outcome
- leaf injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- terbacil sprayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of the surfactant X-77 to terbacil sprays increased fruit thinning and leaf injury”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf-only terbacil was as effective as leaf-plus-fruit application.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Terbacil sprays applied to leaves onlye0
- Outcome
- as effectivee0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- applied to leaves plus fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Terbacil sprays applied to leaves only (fruit covered with foil) were as effective as when applied to leaves plus fruit”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Dipping fruit alone in terbacil did not cause abscission.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Dipping fruit alone in a terbacil solutione0
- Outcome
- abscissione0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dipping fruit alone in a terbacil solution did not cause abscission”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Four days of 92% shade reduced fruit set by about 50%.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Shading trees for 4 days with 92% polypropylene shade materiale0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shading trees for 4 days with 92% polypropylene shade material reduced fruit set =50%”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl spraying reduced fruit set by 25%.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Spraying trees with carbaryle0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying trees with carbaryl reduced fruit set by 25%”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade plus carbaryl reduced fruit set by 89%.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- shade + carbaryl sprayinge0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 89%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of shade + carbaryl spraying reduced fruit set by 89%”
t0“Apples”
The same questions in other papers
carbaryl · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
38 papers more in this group
See all 42 papers →surfactant · crop injury · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
poly(propylene) · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Terbacil · physiology: photosynthesis · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
Terbacil · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →shade · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →application · crop injury · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →application · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 32 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
137 papers more in this group
See all 141 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.