Abstract
Benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom at 125 and 250 mg·liter -1 thinned `Empire' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees below commercial crop levels but thinned less than thidiazuron (THI) at 62 and 125 mg·liter -1 . Ethephon (ETH) applied up to 250 mg·liter -1 reduced fruit set only slightly. When BA was tank-mixed with ETH, thinning was the same as with BA alone. Although THI thinned more, BA resulted in a larger increase in fruit weight. Seed development was nearly eliminated by THI, but was unaffected by either BA or ETH. Thinner effects on foliar nutrient concentrations were associated with changes in fruit load but not shoot growth. The effects of BA and ETH on fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations were similar to their effects on foliar nutrient concentrations. Although THI thinned strongly and produced large changes in foliar nutrient concentrations and seed count, THI resulted in virtually no changes in fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations. Chemical names used: N- (phenylmethyl)-1 H- purine-6-amine (benzyladenine); 2-chlorophosphonic acid (ethephon); N- phenyl- N'- 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Postbloom benzyladenine at 125 and 250 mg/l thinned Empire apple trees below commercial crop levels.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- Benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom at 125 and 250 mg·liter -1e0
- Outcome
- Crop Loadt0
- Direction
- thinnede0
- Comparator
- commercial crop levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom at 125 and 250 mg·liter -1 thinned `Empire' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees below commercial crop levels but thinned less than thidiazuron (THI) at 62 and 125 mg·liter -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Benzyladenine thinned Empire apple trees less than thidiazuron at 62 and 125 mg/l.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Benzyladenine (BA)e0
- Outcome
- Crop Loadt0
- Direction
- thinned less thane0
- Comparator
- thidiazuron (THI) at 62 and 125 mg·liter -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom at 125 and 250 mg·liter -1 thinned `Empire' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees below commercial crop levels but thinned less than thidiazuron (THI) at 62 and 125 mg·liter -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon applied up to 250 mg/l reduced fruit set only slightly in Empire apple trees.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Ethephon (ETH) applied up to 250 mg·liter -1e1
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- only slightlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom at 125 and 250 mg·liter -1 thinned `Empire' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees below commercial crop levels but thinned less than thidiazuron (THI) at 62 and 125 mg·liter -1”
e1“Ethephon (ETH) applied up to 250 mg·liter -1 reduced fruit set only slightly”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixing benzyladenine with ethephon gave the same thinning as benzyladenine alone.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- BA was tank-mixed with ETHe0
- Outcome
- thinninge0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- BA alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“When BA was tank-mixed with ETH, thinning was the same as with BA alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Thidiazuron thinned Empire apple trees more than benzyladenine.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- THIe0
- Outcome
- Crop Loadt0
- Direction
- thinned moree0
- Comparator
- BAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Although THI thinned more, BA resulted in a larger increase in fruit weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Benzyladenine gave a larger increase in fruit weight than thidiazuron.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- larger increasee0
- Comparator
- THIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Although THI thinned more, BA resulted in a larger increase in fruit weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Thidiazuron nearly eliminated seed development in Empire apple.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- THIe0
- Outcome
- Seed developmente0
- Direction
- nearly eliminatede0
- Comparator
- BA or ETHe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Seed development was nearly eliminated by THI, but was unaffected by either BA or ETH”
Claim · model-written summary
Benzyladenine and ethephon did not affect seed development.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- either BA or ETHe0
- Outcome
- Seed developmente0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Seed development was nearly eliminated by THI, but was unaffected by either BA or ETH”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinner effects on foliar nutrient concentrations were associated with changes in fruit load but not with shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- changes in fruit loade0
- Outcome
- foliar nutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- were associated withe0
- Qualifier
- but not shoot growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Thinner effects on foliar nutrient concentrations were associated with changes in fruit load but not shoot growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Benzyladenine and ethephon effects on fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations were similar to their effects on foliar nutrient concentrations.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- BA and ETHe0
- Outcome
- fruit-flesh nutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- foliar nutrient concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“The effects of BA and ETH on fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations were similar to their effects on foliar nutrient concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Thidiazuron produced virtually no changes in fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- THIe0
- Outcome
- fruit-flesh nutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- virtually no changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“THI resulted in virtually no changes in fruit-flesh nutrient concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Thidiazuron produced large changes in foliar nutrient concentrations and seed count.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- THIe0
- Outcome
- foliar nutrient concentrations and seed counte0
- Direction
- produced large changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cytokinin and Ethephon Affect Crop Load, Shoot Growth, and Nutrient Concentration of `Empire' Apple Trees”
e0“Although THI thinned strongly and produced large changes in foliar nutrient concentrations and seed count”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.