Abstract
Field experiments were carried out to study the grain yield, shoot concentrations of zinc (Zn), boron (B) and phosphorus (P), and tolerance to Zn deficiency of 21 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and four durum wheat (Triticum durum) cultivars grown in a B-toxic and Zn-deficient calcareous soil in Central Anatolia with (+Zn = 23 kg Zn ha(-1)) and without Zn fertilization in 1993-1994 and 1994-1995 cropping seasons. Tolerance to Zn deficiency (Zn efficiency ratio) was measured by considering the ratio of grain yield under Zn deficiency to that with Zn fertilization. Zinc fertilization significantly increased grain yield of all cultivars in both years. On average, increases in grain yield of 25 wheat cultivars by Zn fertilization were 37% in the first and 40% in the second year. When results of the 2 cropping seasons were averaged, Zn efficiency ratios or the cultivars ranged from 40% to 84%, with an average of 62%. Despite large genotypic variation in Zn efficiency, shoot Zn concentrations under Zn-deficient conditions did not differ among Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient cultivars. There were large differences in B concentration in shoots of cultivars under both Zn deficiency and Zn fertilization. However, on average for 25 wheat cultivars, Zn fertilization did not influence B concentration. In contrast to B, Zn fertilization consistently decreased shoot concentration of P in all cultivars. The results presented show that wheat cultivars growing in Zn-deficient and B-toxic soil conditions vary considerably in their grain yield, and these differences were not related to the shoot concentrations of Zn and B. Nevertheless, For many cultivars there was a close relationship between tolerance to Zn deficiency and tolerance to B toxicity. This relationship was discussed in terms of high Zn efficiency-enhanced tissue tolerance to B toxicity.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization significantly increased grain yield across cultivars and years.
- Taxon
- WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Zinc fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc fertilization significantly increased grain yield of all cultivars in both years.”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean grain yield rose 37% in the first year with zinc fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 37%e0
- Qualifier
- firste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, increases in grain yield of 25 wheat cultivars by Zn fertilization were 37% in the first and 40% in the second year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean grain yield rose 40% in the second year with zinc fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, increases in grain yield of 25 wheat cultivars by Zn fertilization were 37% in the first and 40% in the second year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn efficiency ratios ranged from 40% to 84%, averaging 62%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Zn efficiency ratiose0
- Value
- 40% to 84%e0
- Qualifier
- average of 62%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn efficiency ratios or the cultivars ranged from 40% to 84%, with an average of 62%”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot zinc concentrations under deficiency did not differ between zinc-efficient and inefficient cultivars.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient cultivarse0
- Outcome
- shoot Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot Zn concentrations under Zn-deficient conditions did not differ among Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient cultivars”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot boron concentrations differed substantially among cultivars under zinc deficiency and fertilization.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- B concentration in shootse0
- Direction
- large differencese0
- Qualifier
- under both Zn deficiency and Zn fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were large differences in B concentration in shoots of cultivars under both Zn deficiency and Zn fertilization”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization did not influence mean shoot boron concentration.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- B concentratione0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn fertilization did not influence B concentration”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization consistently decreased shoot phosphorus concentration.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- shoot concentration of Pe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn fertilization consistently decreased shoot concentration of P in all cultivars”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars varied considerably in grain yield in deficient, boron-toxic soil.
- Taxon
- wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- Zn-deficient and B-toxic soil conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat cultivars growing in Zn-deficient and B-toxic soil conditions vary considerably in their grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield differences were unrelated to shoot zinc and boron concentrations.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Zn and Be0
- Outcome
- these differencese0
- Direction
- not relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these differences were not related to the shoot concentrations of Zn and B”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
For many cultivars, zinc-deficiency tolerance was closely related to boron-toxicity tolerance.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Be0
- Outcome
- tolerance to Zn deficiencye0
- Qualifier
- tolerance to B toxicitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For many cultivars there was a close relationship between tolerance to Zn deficiency and tolerance to B toxicity”
t0“WHEAT”
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