Abstract
Abstract Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) is regarded as susceptible to salts at establishment. This study was conducted to evaluate: (i) emergence reduction by irrigation with saline waters; and (ii) the relationship among seed germination, hypocotyl salt injuries, and seedling emergence. Greenhouse experiments were conducted using ‘Moapa’ and ‘Mesilla’ grown in Bluepoint fine loamy sand (calcareous, thermic Typic Torripsamment). In Exp. 1, seedling emergence and salt accumulation near the soil surface were monitored after seeding at three depths (3, 10, and 15 mm) and irrigated with water of 0.8 to 7.6 dS m −1 . In Exp. 2, seed germination was measured in sponges moistened with saline solutions (0.8‐32 dS m −1 ). In Exp. 3, seedling emergence was monitored after placing a 5‐mm layer of salted‐sand having the saturation extract salinity of 0.8 to 45 dS m −1 onto emerging seedlings to evaluate hypocotyl salt injuries. Results indicated that the rate and final emergence of both cultivars declined when salinity of irrigation waters exceeded 4.3 dS m −1 , even though the seed germinated well in saline solutions of 28 dS m −1 . Soluble salts had accumulated mostly in the top 5‐mm depth where salinity increased to 20 dS m −1 in 4 days when irrigated at 4.3 dS m −1 . A significant reduction in emergence occurred in Exp. 3 when the salinity of the surface‐placed sand exceeded 17 dS m −1 . Emergence reduction observed from a seeding depth of 3 mm was probably due to the reduction in seed germination, whereas from seeding depths of 10 mm or more, emergence appeared to be limited by hypocotyl salt injuries after germination. Alfalfa could be established with minimal salt damage from water, up to approximately 4 dS m −1 , when seeded approximately 10 mm deep.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Emergence rate and final emergence of both alfalfa cultivars declined above irrigation salinity of 4.3 dS m −1.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- salinity of irrigation waters exceeded 4.3 dS m −1e0
- Outcome
- rate and final emergencee0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- 4.3 dS m −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated that the rate and final emergence of both cultivars declined when salinity of irrigation waters exceeded 4.3 dS m −1”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa seed germinated well in saline solutions of 28 dS m −1.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- saline solutions of 28 dS m −1e0
- Outcome
- seed germinated welle0
- Value
- 28 dS m −1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“even though the seed germinated well in saline solutions of 28 dS m −1 .”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble salts accumulated mostly in the upper 5 mm of soil, reaching 20 dS m −1 after four days with 4.3 dS m −1 irrigation.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- salinitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20 dS m −1e0
- Qualifier
- in 4 days when irrigated at 4.3 dS m −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soluble salts had accumulated mostly in the top 5‐mm depth where salinity increased to 20 dS m −1 in 4 days when irrigated at 4.3 dS m −1 .”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface salted sand above 17 dS m −1 significantly reduced alfalfa emergence.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- salinity of the surface‐placed sand exceeded 17 dS m −1e0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 17 dS m −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant reduction in emergence occurred in Exp. 3 when the salinity of the surface‐placed sand exceeded 17 dS m −1 .”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed emergence loss at 3 mm sowing depth to reduced seed germination.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Outcome
- Emergence reductione0
- Value
- 3 mme0
- Qualifier
- probablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Emergence reduction observed from a seeding depth of 3 mm was probably due to the reduction in seed germination”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed emergence limitation at 10 mm or deeper sowing to hypocotyl salt injury after germination.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotyle0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Value
- 10 mm or moree0
- Qualifier
- appeared to be limited by hypocotyl salt injuries after germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas from seeding depths of 10 mm or more, emergence appeared to be limited by hypocotyl salt injuries after germination.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa may be established with minimal salt damage using water up to about 4 dS m −1 and 10 mm seeding depth.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- established with minimal salt damagee0
- Qualifier
- up to approximately 4 dS m −1 , when seeded approximately 10 mm deepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa could be established with minimal salt damage from water, up to approximately 4 dS m −1 , when seeded approximately 10 mm deep.”
The same questions in other papers
growing medium · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →irrigation · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →salinity · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
75 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
91 papers more in this group
See all 95 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.