Abstract
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) have been credited with improving the growth and mineral nutrition of many host plants but these effects are moderated by soil factors and nutrient balance. We investigated the combined effects of VAM, zinc and phosphorus application on the growth, uptake and translocation of nutrients in wheat using a calcareous soil marginal in P and Zn. Wheat was grown in a growth chamber under various combinations of VAM, P and Zn with measurements done at heading stage and maturity. Vegetative dry matter accumulation was increased by P additions and reduced by VAM infection. Both P addition and VAM infection increased grain yield. Zinc concentration and uptake were generally reduced by P additions and VAM infection. There was an absence of antagonistic effects of Zn additions on P concentration and uptake. In contrast, VAM infection had both positive and negative effects on P uptake depending on the growth stage and translocation of nutrients. We observed that in calcareous soils where the Zn and P fertilizer combinations were adequate for growth, the role of VAM in enhancing the translocation of Zn and P from root and straw to grain is beneficial towards seed set and yield. Key words: VA mycorrhizae, P and Zn fertilization, calcareous soil, wheat, yield, nutrient acquisition, translocation
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
P additions increased wheat vegetative dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- P additionse0
- Outcome
- Vegetative dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative dry matter accumulation was increased by P additions and reduced by VAM infection.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM infection reduced wheat vegetative dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VAM infectione0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Vegetative dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative dry matter accumulation was increased by P additions and reduced by VAM infection.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
P addition increased wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P additione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both P addition and VAM infection increased grain yield.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM infection increased wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VAM infectione0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both P addition and VAM infection increased grain yield.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
P additions generally reduced wheat zinc concentration and uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P additionse0
- Outcome
- Zinc concentration and uptakee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc concentration and uptake were generally reduced by P additions and VAM infection.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM infection generally reduced wheat zinc concentration and uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VAM infectione0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Zinc concentration and uptakee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc concentration and uptake were generally reduced by P additions and VAM infection.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn additions showed no antagonistic effect on wheat P concentration and uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn additionse0
- Outcome
- P concentration and uptakee0
- Direction
- absence of antagonistic effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an absence of antagonistic effects of Zn additions on P concentration and uptake.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM infection had positive and negative effects on P uptake depending on growth stage and nutrient translocation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VAM infectione0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- both positive and negativee0
- Qualifier
- depending on the growth stage and translocation of nutrientse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VAM infection had both positive and negative effects on P uptake depending on the growth stage and translocation of nutrients.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
With adequate Zn and P fertilizer, VAM enhanced nutrient translocation from root and straw to grain, benefiting seed set and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VAMe0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- translocation of Zn and P from root and straw to graine0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Qualifier
- Zn and P fertilizer combinations were adequate for growthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in calcareous soils where the Zn and P fertilizer combinations were adequate for growth, the role of VAM in enhancing the translocation of Zn and P from root and straw to grain is beneficial towards seed set and yield.”
t0“wheat”
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See all 572 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.