Abstract
Root growth responses of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Raf. Sarg.) seedlings to three nutrient concentrations and two shoot vapour pressure deficits were measured. Both species gained dry mass at high and medium nutrient treatments throughout the experiment, but not at low nutrition. Low nutrition gave highest ratios of projected leaf surface area to total root length in both species. Douglas-fir geometry differed from that of hemlock, with longer interior link lengths, particularly at the lowest nutrition. Douglas-fir showed greater numbers of exterior-interior links than hemlock. More links were observed at medium and high nutrition than at low nutrition for both species. Exterior-interior links increased over time for the two highest nutrient treatments. Significant topological differences were observed between species, the lowest and two highest nutrient treatments, and high and low vapour pressure deficits. Both species showed herring-bone root architecture at the lowest nutrition. This architectural configuration became more pronounced in hemlock seedlings grown under higher vapour pressure deficits. Faster-growing Douglas-fir had a dichotomous architecture at medium and high nutrition that was not influenced by increased vapour pressure deficits. Douglas-fir topology appears to be adapted to exploit soil nutrient patches while hemlock appears to rely on efficient exploitation of soil volume.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir seedlings gained dry mass at high and medium nutrient treatments but not at low nutrition.
- Taxon
- Douglas-fir
Pseudotsuga menziesiit0 - Treatment
- high and medium nutrient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- gainede0
- Comparator
- low nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both species gained dry mass at high and medium nutrient treatments throughout the experiment, but not at low nutrition”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Western hemlock seedlings gained dry mass at high and medium nutrient treatments but not at low nutrition.
- Taxon
- western hemlock
.jpg?width=60)
Tsuga heterophyllat0 - Treatment
- high and medium nutrient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- gainede0
- Comparator
- low nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Both species gained dry mass at high and medium nutrient treatments throughout the experiment, but not at low nutrition”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nutrition gave the highest ratio of projected leaf surface area to total root length in Douglas-fir.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Treatment
- Low nutritione0
- Outcome
- ratios of projected leaf surface area to total root lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low nutrition gave highest ratios of projected leaf surface area to total root length in both species”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nutrition gave the highest ratio of projected leaf surface area to total root length in western hemlock.
- Taxon
- western hemlockTsuga heterophyllat0
- Treatment
- Low nutritione0
- Outcome
- ratios of projected leaf surface area to total root lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low nutrition gave highest ratios of projected leaf surface area to total root length in both species”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir had longer interior link lengths than hemlock, particularly at the lowest nutrition.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Treatment
- lowest nutritione0
- Outcome
- interior link lengthse0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- hemlocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Douglas-fir geometry differed from that of hemlock, with longer interior link lengths, particularly at the lowest nutrition”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir showed greater numbers of exterior-interior links than hemlock.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Outcome
- exterior-interior linkse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- hemlocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Douglas-fir showed greater numbers of exterior-interior links than hemlock”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir had more links at medium and high nutrition than at low nutrition.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Treatment
- medium and high nutritione0
- Outcome
- linkse0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- low nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More links were observed at medium and high nutrition than at low nutrition for both species”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Western hemlock had more links at medium and high nutrition than at low nutrition.
- Taxon
- western hemlockTsuga heterophyllat0
- Treatment
- medium and high nutritione0
- Outcome
- linkse0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- low nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More links were observed at medium and high nutrition than at low nutrition for both species”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Exterior-interior links increased over time for the two highest nutrient treatments.
- Taxon
- Douglas-fir and western hemlockPseudotsuga menziesiiTsuga heterophyllat0
- Treatment
- two highest nutrient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Exterior-interior linkse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exterior-interior links increased over time for the two highest nutrient treatments”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Root topology differed significantly between Douglas-fir and western hemlock, between nutrient treatments and between vapour pressure deficits.
- Taxon
- Douglas-fir and western hemlockPseudotsuga menziesiiTsuga heterophyllat0
- Outcome
- topological differencese0
- Qualifier
- between species, the lowest and two highest nutrient treatments, and high and low vapour pressure deficitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant topological differences were observed between species, the lowest and two highest nutrient treatments, and high and low vapour pressure deficits”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir showed herring-bone root architecture at the lowest nutrition.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Treatment
- lowest nutritione0
- Outcome
- herring-bone root architecturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both species showed herring-bone root architecture at the lowest nutrition”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Western hemlock showed herring-bone root architecture at the lowest nutrition.
- Taxon
- western hemlockTsuga heterophyllat0
- Treatment
- lowest nutritione0
- Outcome
- herring-bone root architecturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both species showed herring-bone root architecture at the lowest nutrition”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The herring-bone architecture became more pronounced in hemlock seedlings under higher vapour pressure deficits.
- Taxon
- hemlock seedlingse0
- Treatment
- higher vapour pressure deficitse0
- Outcome
- architectural configuratione0
- Direction
- became more pronouncede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“This architectural configuration became more pronounced in hemlock seedlings grown under higher vapour pressure deficits”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Faster-growing Douglas-fir had a dichotomous root architecture at medium and high nutrition, not influenced by increased vapour pressure deficits.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiie0
- Treatment
- medium and high nutritione0
- Outcome
- dichotomous architecturee0
- Qualifier
- not influenced by increased vapour pressure deficitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Faster-growing Douglas-fir had a dichotomous architecture at medium and high nutrition that was not influenced by increased vapour pressure deficits”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Douglas-fir root topology appears adapted to exploit soil nutrient patches.
- Taxon
- Douglas-firPseudotsuga menziesiit0
- Outcome
- topologye0
- Qualifier
- adapted to exploit soil nutrient patchese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Douglas-fir topology appears to be adapted to exploit soil nutrient patches while hemlock appears to rely on efficient exploitation of soil volume”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Western hemlock root topology appears to rely on efficient exploitation of soil volume.
Verbatim
e0“Douglas-fir topology appears to be adapted to exploit soil nutrient patches while hemlock appears to rely on efficient exploitation of soil volume”
t0“Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · growth · Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
in vitro · growth · Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.