Abstract
AbstractThe effects of summer green manuring crops and zinc (Zn) fertilization on quality of basmati rice during summer rainy seasons of 2008 and 2009 (kharif, April–November) were evaluated in field experiments at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters) increased significantly as a result of summer green manure crop residue incorporation over summer fallow treatment. Incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residues led to significantly greater protein (8.44 percent mean of 2 years) and amylose content (25.78 percent mean of 2 years). Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU) recorded the greatest values for these parameters and also for hulling (73.8 percent mean of 2 years) and milling (62.4 percent mean of 2 years). Zinc fertilization using 2 percent ZEU and incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residues also recorded the greatest values for all quality parameters related to cooking quality such as length and breadth of grains before and after cooking. Soil microbiological parameters and yield showed significantly high positive correlations with quality parameters. The 2-year field study clearly demonstrated the benefits of summer green manure nitrogen (N) and Zn enrichment for improving the biochemical, physical, and cooking quality parameters of basmati rice. Keywords: Basmati ricegreen manuringquality parameterszinc fertilization
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Green manure residue incorporation increased basmati rice quality parameters over summer fallow.
Verbatim
e0“field experiments at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi”
e1“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters) increased significantly as a result of summer green manure crop residue incorporation over summer fallow treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania aculeata green manure residues significantly increased basmati rice protein content (8.44 percent).
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residuese3
- Outcome
- proteine3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Value
- 8.44 percente3
- Qualifier
- mean of 2 yearse3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e3“Incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residues led to significantly greater protein (8.44 percent mean of 2 years) and amylose content (25.78 percent mean of 2 years)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania aculeata green manure residues significantly increased basmati rice amylose content (25.78 percent).
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residuese3
- Outcome
- amylose contente3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Value
- 25.78 percente3
- Qualifier
- mean of 2 yearse3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e3“Incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residues led to significantly greater protein (8.44 percent mean of 2 years) and amylose content (25.78 percent mean of 2 years)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization with 2 percent Zn-enriched urea gave the greatest values for basmati rice quality parameters.
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU)e4
- Outcome
- Quality parameterse1
- Direction
- greateste4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e4“Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU) recorded the greatest values for these parameters and also for hulling (73.8 percent mean of 2 years) and milling (62.4 percent mean of 2 years)”
e1“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters) increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization with 2 percent Zn-enriched urea gave the greatest hulling percentage of basmati rice (73.8 percent).
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU)e4
- Outcome
- hullinge4
- Direction
- greateste4
- Value
- 73.8 percente4
- Qualifier
- mean of 2 yearse4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e4“Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU) recorded the greatest values for these parameters and also for hulling (73.8 percent mean of 2 years) and milling (62.4 percent mean of 2 years)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization with 2 percent Zn-enriched urea gave the greatest milling percentage of basmati rice (62.4 percent).
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU)e4
- Outcome
- millinge4
- Direction
- greateste4
- Value
- 62.4 percente4
- Qualifier
- mean of 2 yearse4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e4“Zinc fertilization using 2 percent Zn-enriched urea (ZEU) recorded the greatest values for these parameters and also for hulling (73.8 percent mean of 2 years) and milling (62.4 percent mean of 2 years)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization with 2 percent ZEU combined with Sesbania green manure gave the greatest values for basmati rice cooking quality parameters.
- Taxon
- basmati ricee2
- Treatment
- Zinc fertilization using 2 percent ZEU and incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residuese5
- Outcome
- quality parameters related to cooking qualitye5
- Direction
- greateste5
- Qualifier
- such as length and breadth of grains before and after cookinge5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e5“Zinc fertilization using 2 percent ZEU and incorporation of Sesbania aculeata green manure crop residues also recorded the greatest values for all quality parameters related to cooking quality such as length and breadth of grains before and after cooking”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil microbiological parameters and yield were significantly positively correlated with basmati rice quality parameters.
Verbatim
e2“Quality parameters of basmati rice (viz., physical, biochemical, and cooking quality parameters)”
e6“Soil microbiological parameters and yield showed significantly high positive correlations with quality parameters”
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See all 7 papers →8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.