Abstract
To determine the function of cytosolic phosphorylase (Pho2; EC 2.4.1.1), transgenic potato plants were created in which the expression of the enzyme was inhibited by introducing a chimeric gene containing part of the coding region for cytosolic phosphorylase linked in antisense orientation to the 35S CaMV promotor. As revealed by Northern blot analysis and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the expression of cytosolic phosphorylase was strongly inhibited in both leaves and tubers of the transgenic plants. The transgenic plants propagated from stem cuttings were morphologically indiscernible from the wild-type. However, sprouting of the transgenic potato tubers was significantly altered: compared with the wild-type, transgenic tubers produced 2.4 to 8.1 times more sprouts. When cultivated in the greenhouse, transgenic seed tubers produced two to three times more shoots than the wild-type. Inflorescences appeared earlier in the resulting plants. Many of the transgenic plants flowered two or three times successively. Transgenic plants derived from seed tubers formed 1.6 to 2.4 times as many tubers per plant as untransformed controls. The size and dry matter content of the individual tubers was not noticeably altered. Tuber yield was significantly higher in the transgenic plants. As revealed by carbohydrate determination of freshly harvested and stored tubers, starch and sucrose pools were not noticeably affected by the antisense inhibition of cytosolic phosphorylase; however, glucose and fructose levels were markedly reduced after prolonged storage. These results favour the view that cytosolic phosphorylase does not participate in starch degradation. The possible links between the reduced levels of cytosolic phosphorylase and the observed changes with respect to sprouting and flowering are discussed.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense transformation strongly inhibited cytosolic phosphorylase expression in leaves and tubers.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Organ / stage
- leaves and tuberse0
- Treatment
- transgenic plantse0
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- expression of cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of cytosolic phosphorylase was strongly inhibited in both leaves and tubers of the transgenic plants”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic plants from stem cuttings were morphologically indiscernible from wild type.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- stem cuttingse0
- Treatment
- transgenic plantse0
- Outcome
- morphologically indiscerniblee0
- Comparator
- wild-typee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transgenic plants propagated from stem cuttings were morphologically indiscernible from the wild-type”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic tubers produced 2.4 to 8.1 times more sprouts than wild type.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- transgenic tuberse0
- Outcome
- sproutse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 2.4 to 8.1 timese0
- Comparator
- wild-typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with the wild-type, transgenic tubers produced 2.4 to 8.1 times more sprouts”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic seed tubers produced two to three times more greenhouse shoots than wild type.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- transgenic seed tuberse0
- Outcome
- shootse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- two to three timese0
- Comparator
- wild-typee0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When cultivated in the greenhouse, transgenic seed tubers produced two to three times more shoots than the wild-type”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescences appeared earlier in plants from transgenic seed tubers.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- Inflorescencese0
- Direction
- earliere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inflorescences appeared earlier in the resulting plants”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Many transgenic plants flowered two or three times successively.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- transgenic plantse0
- Outcome
- flowerede0
- Value
- two or three timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Many of the transgenic plants flowered two or three times successively”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic plants from seed tubers formed 1.6 to 2.4 times as many tubers per plant as controls.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Transgenic plants derived from seed tuberse0
- Outcome
- tubers per plante0
- Direction
- as manye0
- Value
- 1.6 to 2.4 timese0
- Comparator
- untransformed controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic plants derived from seed tubers formed 1.6 to 2.4 times as many tubers per plant as untransformed controls”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual tuber size was not noticeably altered.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- sizee0
- Direction
- not noticeably alterede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The size and dry matter content of the individual tubers was not noticeably altered”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual tuber dry matter content was not noticeably altered.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- dry matter contente0
- Direction
- not noticeably alterede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The size and dry matter content of the individual tubers was not noticeably altered”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic plants had significantly higher tuber yield.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- transgenic plantse0
- Outcome
- Tuber yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuber yield was significantly higher in the transgenic plants”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense inhibition did not noticeably affect tuber starch pools.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- antisense inhibition of cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- starche0
- Direction
- not noticeably affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch and sucrose pools were not noticeably affected by the antisense inhibition of cytosolic phosphorylase”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense inhibition did not noticeably affect tuber sucrose pools.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- antisense inhibition of cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- sucrosee0
- Direction
- not noticeably affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch and sucrose pools were not noticeably affected by the antisense inhibition of cytosolic phosphorylase”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stored transgenic tubers had markedly reduced glucose.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- glucosee0
- Direction
- markedly reducede0
- Qualifier
- after prolonged storagee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glucose and fructose levels were markedly reduced after prolonged storage”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stored transgenic tubers had markedly reduced fructose.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- fructosee0
- Direction
- markedly reducede0
- Qualifier
- after prolonged storagee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glucose and fructose levels were markedly reduced after prolonged storage”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that cytosolic phosphorylase does not participate in starch degradation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- does not participate in starch degradatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results favour the view that cytosolic phosphorylase does not participate in starch degradation”
t0“potato”
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