Abstract
Oat cultivars of tall (West), intermediate (Mortlock) and dwarf height (Echidna) were compared for their response to sowing time, nitrogen fertilizer and seed rate. Experiments were carried out in the 500-800 mm average annual rainfall zone in Western Australia at nine sites. Cultivars were compared in experiments involving different times (3) of sowing, levels (5) of applied nitrogen and rates (5) of seed and in another experiment including all combinations of two levels of sowing time, nitrogen and seed. The optimum sowing times for the three cultivars were similar, but the yield advantage for Echidna over West was 0.63 t ha-1 for late May sowing but only 0.25 t ha-1 for sowing in late July. Yield responses to applied nitrogen were dependent on soil nitrogen status, seasonal rainfall, sowing date, cultivar and seed-rate. On average, Echidna was more responsive (0.42 t ha-1) to the initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen than Mortlock (0.23 t ha-1). The optimum seed rate (where an increase of 1 kg of seed increased yield by 10 kg ha-1) was 77, 67 and 61 kg ha-1 for Echidna, Mortlock and West corresponding to 225, 185 and 160 plants m-2. The largest yielding combination of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates increased yields by from 1.32 to 3.23 t ha-1 (51-220%) compared to the control or low input treatment. Biomass at heading increased linearly to about 6.5 t ha-1 with rainfall up to 200 mm. Rainfall to heading in excess of 200 mm appeared to be inefficiently used for biomass production. Grain yields also increased linearly up to about 4 t ha-1 with increasing biomass at heading and up to 6 t ha-l with the correct choice of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
The three oat cultivars had similar optimum sowing times.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativat0 - Outcome
- optimum sowing timese0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum sowing times for the three cultivars were similar”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Echidna yielded 0.63 t ha-1 more than West with late May sowing.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Material
- Echidnae0
- Treatment
- late May sowinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- advantagee0
- Value
- 0.63 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- Weste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield advantage for Echidna over West was 0.63 t ha-1 for late May sowing but only 0.25 t ha-1 for sowing in late July”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Echidna yielded only 0.25 t ha-1 more than West with late July sowing.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Material
- Echidnae0
- Treatment
- sowing in late Julye0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- advantagee0
- Value
- 0.25 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- Weste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield advantage for Echidna over West was 0.63 t ha-1 for late May sowing but only 0.25 t ha-1 for sowing in late July”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield responses to nitrogen depended on soil nitrogen, rainfall, sowing date, cultivar and seed rate.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- applied nitrogene0
- Outcome
- Yield responsese0
- Qualifier
- soil nitrogen status, seasonal rainfall, sowing date, cultivar and seed-ratee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield responses to applied nitrogen were dependent on soil nitrogen status, seasonal rainfall, sowing date, cultivar and seed-rate.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Echidna responded to the initial 30 kg ha-1 nitrogen with 0.42 t ha-1 yield, more than Mortlock.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Material
- Echidnae0
- Treatment
- initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- responsivee0
- Direction
- more responsivee0
- Value
- 0.42 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 0.23 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- Mortlocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, Echidna was more responsive (0.42 t ha-1) to the initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen than Mortlock (0.23 t ha-1).”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortlock responded to the initial nitrogen with 0.23 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Material
- Mortlocke0
- Treatment
- initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- responsivee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0.23 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, Echidna was more responsive (0.42 t ha-1) to the initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen than Mortlock (0.23 t ha-1).”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Echidna's optimum seed rate was 77 kg ha-1, corresponding to 225 plants m-2.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum seed rate (where an increase of 1 kg of seed increased yield by 10 kg ha-1) was 77, 67 and 61 kg ha-1 for Echidna, Mortlock and West corresponding to 225, 185 and 160 plants m-2.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortlock's optimum seed rate was 67 kg ha-1, corresponding to 185 plants m-2.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum seed rate (where an increase of 1 kg of seed increased yield by 10 kg ha-1) was 77, 67 and 61 kg ha-1 for Echidna, Mortlock and West corresponding to 225, 185 and 160 plants m-2.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
West's optimum seed rate was 61 kg ha-1, corresponding to 160 plants m-2.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Material
- Weste0
- Outcome
- optimum seed ratee0
- Value
- 61 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 160 plants m-2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum seed rate (where an increase of 1 kg of seed increased yield by 10 kg ha-1) was 77, 67 and 61 kg ha-1 for Echidna, Mortlock and West corresponding to 225, 185 and 160 plants m-2.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest yielding input combination increased yield by 1.32 to 3.23 t ha-1 (51-220%) over control or low inputs.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- largest yielding combination of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed ratese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.32 to 3.23 t ha-1 (51-220%)e0
- Comparator
- control or low input treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest yielding combination of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates increased yields by from 1.32 to 3.23 t ha-1 (51-220%) compared to the control or low input treatment.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass at heading increased linearly to about 6.5 t ha-1 with rainfall up to 200 mm.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- rainfalle0
- Outcome
- Biomass at headinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.5 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- up to 200 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biomass at heading increased linearly to about 6.5 t ha-1 with rainfall up to 200 mm.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfall above 200 mm before heading appeared inefficiently used for biomass production.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- inefficiently used for biomass productione0
- Qualifier
- Rainfall to heading in excess of 200 mme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rainfall to heading in excess of 200 mm appeared to be inefficiently used for biomass production.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield increased linearly to about 4 t ha-1 with biomass at heading.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- headinge0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- increasing biomass at headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields also increased linearly up to about 4 t ha-1 with increasing biomass at heading and up to 6 t ha-l with the correct choice of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates.”
t0“oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yields increased up to 6 t ha-l with the correct cultivar and input choices.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- correct choice of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed ratese0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6 t ha-le0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields also increased linearly up to about 4 t ha-1 with increasing biomass at heading and up to 6 t ha-l with the correct choice of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates.”
t0“oat”
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