Abstract
ABSTRACT Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) were cultivated hydroponically under different nutrient cation ratios at both high potassium (K)/calcium (Ca) (12:2) or magnesium (Mg)/Ca (4:2) ratios, compared with half strength Hoagland's solution (K:Ca:Mg; 3.5:2:0.5). Additionally, antitranspirant (Pinolene) was sprayed every fortnight to the aerial part of the plant at 1% (v/v). The antitranspirant (AT) did not affect dry weight accumulation in the leaves, stems, roots, total plant leaf area, or leaf dry weight percentage. Net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation was not impaired by the AT but the water uptake was reduced significantly independent of the nutrient solution used. The AT did not affect the cation uptake but high Mg significantly reduced Ca concentration in leaves, stems, and fruits, whilst high K had an effect only in old leaves and fruits. The AT reduced fructose and glucose concentration in the leaves but no effect was found in the fruits. Fruit yield was not affected by AT, but it was increased when plants were grown with high Mg/Ca. The percentage of blossom-end rot was reduced with the AT, whilst it was increased with the solutions having high K/Ca or high Mg/Ca. The AT significantly reduced fruit firmness in high Mg/Ca and control solution but no effect was found for fruit color, shape index, total soluble solids, or pericarp thickness. Keywords: Capsicum annuum L.cation ratiosoluble carbohydratestranspirationfruit quality ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We gratefully acknowledge D.J. Walker for correction of the English. J. S. Rubio was the recipient of a doctoral fellowship. This research was supported by the INA project RTA2005-00087-C02-01 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant did not affect dry weight accumulation in leaves, stems and roots of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.
Capsicum annuume0 - Treatment
- antitranspirant (AT)e1
- Outcome
- dry weight accumulation in the leaves, stems, rootse1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“The antitranspirant (AT) did not affect dry weight accumulation in the leaves, stems, roots, total plant leaf area, or leaf dry weight percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant did not affect total plant leaf area or leaf dry weight percentage of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- antitranspirant (AT)e1
- Outcome
- total plant leaf area, or leaf dry weight percentagee1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“The antitranspirant (AT) did not affect dry weight accumulation in the leaves, stems, roots, total plant leaf area, or leaf dry weight percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant did not impair net CO2 assimilation of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe2
- Outcome
- Net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilatione2
- Direction
- not impairede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e2“Net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation was not impaired by the AT but the water uptake was reduced significantly independent of the nutrient solution used”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant significantly reduced water uptake of sweet pepper, independent of the nutrient solution used.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe2
- Outcome
- water uptakee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- independent of the nutrient solution usede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e2“Net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation was not impaired by the AT but the water uptake was reduced significantly independent of the nutrient solution used”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant did not affect cation uptake of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe4
- Outcome
- cation uptakee4
- Direction
- did not affecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e4“The AT did not affect the cation uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
High Mg significantly reduced Ca concentration in leaves, stems and fruits compared with half-strength Hoagland solution.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stems, and fruitse1
- Treatment
- high Mge1
- Outcome
- Ca concentratione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- half strength Hoagland's solutione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“high Mg significantly reduced Ca concentration in leaves, stems, and fruits”
e2“compared with half strength Hoagland's solution (K:Ca:Mg; 3.5:2:0.5)”
Claim · model-written summary
High K had an effect only in old leaves and fruits of sweet pepper; the direction is not stated.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Organ / stage
- old leaves and fruitse1
- Treatment
- high Ke1
- Outcome
- had an effecte1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“whilst high K had an effect only in old leaves and fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant reduced fructose and glucose concentration in sweet pepper leaves.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- ATe3
- Outcome
- fructose and glucose concentratione3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e3“The AT reduced fructose and glucose concentration in the leaves but no effect was found in the fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant had no effect on fructose and glucose concentration in sweet pepper fruits.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse3
- Treatment
- ATe3
- Outcome
- fructose and glucose concentratione3
- Direction
- no effect was founde3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e3“The AT reduced fructose and glucose concentration in the leaves but no effect was found in the fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant did not affect fruit yield of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe4
- Outcome
- Fruit yielde4
- Direction
- not affectede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e4“Fruit yield was not affected by AT, but it was increased when plants were grown with high Mg/Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield of sweet pepper increased when plants were grown with high Mg/Ca.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- high Mg/Cae4
- Outcome
- Fruit yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e4“Fruit yield was not affected by AT, but it was increased when plants were grown with high Mg/Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant reduced the percentage of blossom-end rot in sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe5
- Outcome
- percentage of blossom-end rote5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e5“The percentage of blossom-end rot was reduced with the AT, whilst it was increased with the solutions having high K/Ca or high Mg/Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of blossom-end rot in sweet pepper increased with solutions having high K/Ca or high Mg/Ca.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- solutions having high K/Ca or high Mg/Cae5
- Outcome
- percentage of blossom-end rote5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e5“The percentage of blossom-end rot was reduced with the AT, whilst it was increased with the solutions having high K/Ca or high Mg/Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant significantly reduced fruit firmness of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe6
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e6“The AT significantly reduced fruit firmness in high Mg/Ca and control solution but no effect was found for fruit color, shape index, total soluble solids, or pericarp thickness”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant had no effect on fruit color, shape index or total soluble solids of sweet pepper.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe6
- Outcome
- fruit color, shape index, total soluble solidse6
- Direction
- no effect was founde6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e6“The AT significantly reduced fruit firmness in high Mg/Ca and control solution but no effect was found for fruit color, shape index, total soluble solids, or pericarp thickness”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitranspirant had no effect on pericarp thickness of sweet pepper fruit.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum L.Capsicum annuume0
- Treatment
- ATe6
- Outcome
- pericarp thicknesse6
- Direction
- no effect was founde6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e6“The AT significantly reduced fruit firmness in high Mg/Ca and control solution but no effect was found for fruit color, shape index, total soluble solids, or pericarp thickness”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.