Abstract
The effects of planting time (early or normal), nitrogen (N) application rate (150 or 225 kg N ha-1), and N application method (early, even, and late application of extra N) on total digestible nutrient (TDN) concentration and yield of forage rice (Oryza sativa L.) in southwestern Japan were examined. For optimal forage rice production, it is important to maximize nutritional level in leaves and stems rather than panicles because the hull restricts cattle’s ability to digest rice grain. In particular, it is important to maximize the TDN in leaf sheath plus stems (stems) which are the major part of the crop rather than leaf blades (leaves). Stem TDN yield was higher with early planting (340 g m-2) than with normal planting (217 g m-2) irrespective of N application rate or method. The high stem TDN yield with early planting resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and organic cellular content (OCC) concentration. Stem TDN yield was not affected by the N application rate. With both early and normal plantings, stem TDN yield was higher with early N application (374 and 226 g m-2, respectively) than with late N application (305 and 208 g m-2, respectively). With early planting, the high stem TDN yield with method 1 resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and OCC concentration. Thus, to obtain high stem TDN concentration and yield of forage rice, early planting and early N application are recommended.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting raised stem TDN yield to 340 versus 217 g m-2 with normal planting.
Verbatim
e0“Stem TDN yield was higher with early planting (340 g m-2) than with normal planting (217 g m-2) irrespective of N application rate or method”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting gave higher dry matter yield underlying high stem TDN yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“high stem TDN yield with early planting resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and organic cellular content (OCC) concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting gave higher TDN concentration underlying high stem TDN yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“high stem TDN yield with early planting resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and organic cellular content (OCC) concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting gave higher organic cellular content concentration underlying high stem TDN yield.
- Taxon
- Forage Ricet0
- Treatment
- early plantinge0
- Outcome
- organic cellular content (OCC) concentratione0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“high stem TDN yield with early planting resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and organic cellular content (OCC) concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application rate did not affect stem TDN yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Stem TDN yield was not affected by the N application rate”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With early planting, early nitrogen application raised stem TDN yield to 374 versus 305 g m-2 under late application.
- Taxon
- Forage Ricet0
- Treatment
- early N applicatione0
- Outcome
- stem TDN yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 374e0
- Qualifier
- 305e0
- Comparator
- late N applicatione0
Not reportedSetting
Verbatim
e0“stem TDN yield was higher with early N application (374 and 226 g m-2, respectively) than with late N application (305 and 208 g m-2, respectively)”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With normal planting, early nitrogen application raised stem TDN yield to 226 versus 208 g m-2 under late application.
Verbatim
e0“stem TDN yield was higher with early N application (374 and 226 g m-2, respectively) than with late N application (305 and 208 g m-2, respectively)”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With early planting, method 1 yielded higher dry matter yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“With early planting, the high stem TDN yield with method 1 resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and OCC concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With early planting, method 1 yielded higher TDN concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“With early planting, the high stem TDN yield with method 1 resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and OCC concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With early planting, method 1 yielded higher OCC concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“With early planting, the high stem TDN yield with method 1 resulted from both the high DM yield and the high TDN and OCC concentration”
t0“Forage Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended early planting and early nitrogen application for high forage rice stem TDN concentration and yield.
Verbatim
e0“to obtain high stem TDN concentration and yield of forage rice, early planting and early N application are recommended”
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