Abstract
Abstract The positive yield effect of crop rotation may be linked to enhanced water uptake and associated efficient use. We hypothesized that a crop grown in rotation might deplete soil water more than the same crop grown under monoculture because some negative factor associated with monoculture was alleviated. Water use efficiency (WUE) might also be improved by rotation. The objective of our study was to determine whether altered water uptake or altered WUE was associated with the yield increase observed when corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are rotated. A long‐term corn‐soybean rotation experiment was monitored in 1987 and 1988 to determine seasonal soil water status to 1.50m. Corn and soybean sequences monitored were: monoculture, first‐year crop following 5 yrs of the other crop, second‐year crop following 5 yrs of the other crop, and an annual alteration of the two crops. Compared with monoculture, yield was increased up to 30% when corn followed soybean and up to 11% when soybean followed corn. Average soil water depletion during the season by first‐year corn was 16 mm greater than by continuous corn. The WUE in corn was related to cropping sequence at a moderate level of significance ( p = 0.14). Seasonal soil water depletion by soybean was not changed by cropping sequence but overall WUE by first‐year soybean was higher than by continuous soybean ( p = 0.05). When there was a period with only sparse rainfall in 1988, corn had a greater water depletion than soybean and also a deeper zone of depletion. Both crops exhibited a greater water depletion when rotated. Frequent rainfall in 1987 sufficient to wet the soil below 0.30 m obliterated patterns of depleted soil water. Increased water use observed in first‐year corn and increased WUE observed in first‐year soybean (compared to monoculture) in both years suggest that rotation allows these crops to increase root surface or root activity and hence to improve grain yield.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
corn yield increased up to 30% versus monoculture.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- corn followed soybeane0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with monoculture, yield was increased up to 30% when corn followed soybean and up to 11% when soybean followed corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean yield increased up to 11% versus monoculture.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- soybean followed corne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with monoculture, yield was increased up to 30% when corn followed soybean and up to 11% when soybean followed corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
First-year corn depleted 16 mm more soil water than continuous corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- first‐year corne0
- Outcome
- soil water depletione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 16 mme0
- Comparator
- continuous corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average soil water depletion during the season by first‐year corn was 16 mm greater than by continuous corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn water use efficiency was related to cropping sequence with p = 0.14.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- cropping sequencee0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Value
- p = 0.14e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The WUE in corn was related to cropping sequence at a moderate level of significance ( p = 0.14).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cropping sequence did not change seasonal soybean soil water depletion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- cropping sequencee0
- Outcome
- Seasonal soil water depletione0
- Direction
- not changede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seasonal soil water depletion by soybean was not changed by cropping sequence but overall WUE by first‐year soybean was higher than by continuous soybean ( p = 0.05).”
Claim · model-written summary
First-year soybean had higher WUE than continuous soybean (p = 0.05).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- first‐year soybeane0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- p = 0.05e0
- Comparator
- continuous soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seasonal soil water depletion by soybean was not changed by cropping sequence but overall WUE by first‐year soybean was higher than by continuous soybean ( p = 0.05).”
Claim · model-written summary
During sparse rainfall in 1988, corn depleted more water than soybean.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- water depletione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- sparse rainfall in 1988e0
- Comparator
- soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When there was a period with only sparse rainfall in 1988, corn had a greater water depletion than soybean and also a deeper zone of depletion.”
Claim · model-written summary
During sparse rainfall in 1988, corn had a deeper depletion zone than soybean.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- zone of depletione0
- Direction
- deepere0
- Qualifier
- sparse rainfall in 1988e0
- Comparator
- soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When there was a period with only sparse rainfall in 1988, corn had a greater water depletion than soybean and also a deeper zone of depletion.”
Claim · model-written summary
corn showed greater water depletion under rotation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- rotatede0
- Outcome
- water depletione0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both crops exhibited a greater water depletion when rotated.”
t0“Corn–Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean showed greater water depletion under rotation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- rotatede0
- Outcome
- water depletione0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both crops exhibited a greater water depletion when rotated.”
t0“Corn–Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Frequent 1987 rainfall erased soil water depletion patterns.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- patterns of depleted soil watere0
- Direction
- obliteratede0
- Qualifier
- Frequent rainfall in 1987e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Frequent rainfall in 1987 sufficient to wet the soil below 0.30 m obliterated patterns of depleted soil water.”
t0“Corn–Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that rotation may increase corn root surface or activity and improve grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- rotatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- increase root surface or root activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased water use observed in first‐year corn and increased WUE observed in first‐year soybean (compared to monoculture) in both years suggest that rotation allows these crops to increase root surface or root activity and hence to improve grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that rotation may increase soybean root surface or activity and improve grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- rotatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- increase root surface or root activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased water use observed in first‐year corn and increased WUE observed in first‐year soybean (compared to monoculture) in both years suggest that rotation allows these crops to increase root surface or root activity and hence to improve grain yield.”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 180 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.