Paper · 1953 · Botanical Gazette

Effect of 2,4-D on Translocation and Accumulation of Food Materials in the Bean Plant

Ralph Garren; Lemar F. Remmert; Nancy L. Lawrence

12
claims
23
verbatim quotes
2
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

1. The telemorphic responses from 2,4-D noted in these experiments are in accord with those observed by other investigators. 2. In general, the application of 2,4-D resulted in retardation of carbohydrate and total dry-matter accumulation in the aerial portions of the plants. Decreases in carbohydrate deposition were grossly proportionate to decreases in dry-matter accumulation. 3. Translocation of 2,4-D, 2,4-D complexes, or unknowns in the bean plant appears to be closely associated with translocation of carbohydrates or their derivatives; conversely, these translocations or accumulations are profoundly influenced by applications of 2,4-D. 4. The dry matter accumulated in the various organs of the plant is largely accounted for by correspondingly lesser amounts of carbohydrates available. 5. Telemorphic and chemical responses to 2,4-D were observed above and below the place of application and varied considerably, depending upon the location of the area treated. 6. In general, the responses obtained in older, more mature plants were less pronounced than those obtained in young plants. 7. The data clearly indicate that environmental factors affect the magnitude of responses resulting from 2,4-D application. These responses may be attributable, at least in part, to the amounts of carbohydrates synthesized or capable of being translocated. 8. Data presented relative to total dry-matter accumulation in relation to fresh weight indicate that 2,4-D may have considerable influence on plant succulency.

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Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of 2,4-D generally retarded carbohydrate accumulation in bean aerial parts.

Taxon
Beant0
Organ / stage
aerial portionse0
Treatment
application of 2,4-De0
Outcome
carbohydratee0
Direction
retardatione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“In general, the application of 2,4-D resulted in retardation of carbohydrate and total dry-matter accumulation in the aerial portions of the plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 128–276 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of 2,4-D generally retarded dry matter accumulation in bean aerial parts.

Taxon
Beant0
Organ / stage
aerial portionse0
Treatment
application of 2,4-De0
Outcome
total dry-matter accumulatione0
Direction
retardatione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“In general, the application of 2,4-D resulted in retardation of carbohydrate and total dry-matter accumulation in the aerial portions of the plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 128–276 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Carbohydrate deposition decreases were roughly proportional to dry matter accumulation decreases.

Taxon
Beant0
Outcome
carbohydrate depositione0
Direction
grossly proportionatee0
Comparator
dry-matter accumulatione0

Verbatim

e0

“Decreases in carbohydrate deposition were grossly proportionate to decreases in dry-matter accumulation.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 277–381 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Translocation of 2,4-D and related substances appears closely associated with carbohydrate translocation in beans.

Taxon
bean plante0
Compound
carbohydrates or their derivativese0
Outcome
Translocation of 2,4-D, 2,4-D complexes, or unknownse0
Direction
closely associatede0

Verbatim

e0

“Translocation of 2,4-D, 2,4-D complexes, or unknowns in the bean plant appears to be closely associated with translocation of carbohydrates or their derivatives”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–545 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

2,4-D applications profoundly influenced carbohydrate translocation or accumulation.

Taxon
Beant0
Treatment
applications of 2,4-De0
Outcome
translocations or accumulationse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0

“these translocations or accumulations are profoundly influenced by applications of 2,4-D”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–647 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry matter accumulated in bean organs was largely accounted for by smaller amounts of available carbohydrates.

Taxon
Beant0
Compound
carbohydratese0
Outcome
dry matter accumulatede0
Direction
lesser amountse0

Verbatim

e0

“The dry matter accumulated in the various organs of the plant is largely accounted for by correspondingly lesser amounts of carbohydrates available.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 652–800 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Morphological and chemical responses to 2,4-D occurred above and below the application point.

Taxon
Beant0
Treatment
2,4-De0
Outcome
Telemorphic and chemical responsese0
Setting
above and below the place of applicatione0

Verbatim

e0

“Telemorphic and chemical responses to 2,4-D were observed above and below the place of application”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 804–902 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Responses to 2,4-D varied considerably with location of application.

Taxon
Beant0
Treatment
location of the area treatede0
Outcome
responsese0
Direction
varied considerablye0

Verbatim

e0

“Telemorphic and chemical responses to 2,4-D were observed above and below the place of application and varied considerably, depending upon the location of the area treated.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 804–976 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Older bean plants generally responded less strongly than young plants.

Taxon
Beant0
Organ / stage
older, more mature plantse0
Outcome
responsese0
Direction
less pronouncede0
Comparator
young plantse0

Verbatim

e0

“In general, the responses obtained in older, more mature plants were less pronounced than those obtained in young plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 980–1101 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Environmental factors affected the magnitude of responses to 2,4-D in bean.

Taxon
Beant0
Treatment
environmental factorse0
Outcome
magnitude of responsese0
Direction
affecte0

Verbatim

e0

“environmental factors affect the magnitude of responses resulting from 2,4-D application”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1136–1224 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Differences in synthesized or translocated carbohydrates may partly explain the environmental variation in bean responses.

Taxon
Beant0
Compound
carbohydratese0
Outcome
responsese0
Qualifier
may be attributable, at least in parte0

Verbatim

e0

“These responses may be attributable, at least in part, to the amounts of carbohydrates synthesized or capable of being translocated.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1226–1358 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

2,4-D may considerably influence bean plant succulence.

Taxon
Beant0
Treatment
2,4-De0
Outcome
plant succulencye0
Qualifier
maye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0

“2,4-D may have considerable influence on plant succulency.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1461–1519 · show in text ↑
t0

“Bean Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–85 · show in text ↑

2,4-D · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 3 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.