Abstract
In a trial to select suitable fungicides for developing a spray program that can control apple white rot effectively, after-infection activities in some protective fungicides were detected. Six fungicides, mancozeb, propineb, benomyl, folpet, azoxystrobin and iminoctadine-triacetate, which had been extensively used in apple orchards, were sprayed on 12-year-old apple trees (cv. Fuji) at 15-day intervals from late May to late July. Disease incidences and infection frequencies of the fruit bagged just before and soon after each spray were examined. When the infection frequency or disease incidence of the fruit bagged after each spraying of fungicide was significantly lower than those of the fruit bagged before spraying, the fungicides appeared to confer after-infection activity. The six fungicides showed diverse activities on white rot: folpet showed after-infection activity on disease development, iminoctadine-triacetate showed after-infection activity on infection, azoxystrobin showed after-infection activity on disease development and infection, and mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity. The activity of a fungicide became much higher when it was sprayed alternately with other fungicide rather than successive spraying of the same fungicide. Analysis of the properties of these protective fungicides could lead to the development of a highly effective spray program against white rot.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Folpet showed after-infection activity against disease development.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- folpete0
- Outcome
- disease developmente0
- Direction
- after-infection activitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“folpet showed after-infection activity on disease development”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Iminoctadine-triacetate showed after-infection activity against infection.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- iminoctadine-triacetatee0
- Outcome
- infectione0
- Direction
- after-infection activitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iminoctadine-triacetate showed after-infection activity on infection”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin showed after-infection activity against disease development and infection.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Outcome
- disease development and infectione0
- Direction
- after-infection activitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin showed after-infection activity on disease development and infection”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Mancozeb showed no distinct after-infection activity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- mancozebe0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- no distincte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Propineb showed no distinct after-infection activity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- propinebe0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- no distincte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl showed no distinct after-infection activity.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- no distincte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternating fungicides yielded higher activity than successive use of the same fungicide.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- sprayed alternately with other fungicidee0
- Outcome
- activity of a fungicidee0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- successive spraying of the same fungicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of a fungicide became much higher when it was sprayed alternately with other fungicide rather than successive spraying of the same fungicide”
t0“Apple”
The same questions in other papers
azoxystrobin · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
folpet · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
fungicide · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →application · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.