Abstract
Abstract Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop whose stems are a potential source of paper pulp. It can be grown under different climatic conditions resulting in a wide range of yield. Several studies in the southeastern USA have shown positive yield responses from higher plant populations. Effects of N on yield have been inconsistent. This study was conducted on a Hanford sandy loam soil (coarse‐loamy, mixed, non‐acid, thermic Typic Xerorthent) at California State University, Fresno, and was designed to investigate the effects of planting date (20 May, 20 June, 20 July 1981), row spacings (38 and 76 cm), plant population (86 450,172 900, and 345 800 plants/ha, 1980) and N (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg N/ha, 1980‐1983) on the components of biological yield, basal stem diameter, and root growth of the cultivars, Tainung‐1 and a variation of Cuba‐2032. Total dry matter and stem yields were maximized at 345 800 plants/ha. Tainung‐1 resulted in higher stem yield than that of Cuba‐2032. Narrow row spacing (38 cm) resulted in higher yields than 76‐cm row spacing for both cultivars. Basal stem diameter was 2.3 cm for the lowest plant population and decreased to 1.63 cm for highest population. Cultivars and row spacings had no effect on stem diameter. Total dry matter yield was highest for the 20 May planting and decreased significantly with delayed plantings. Applied N at the rate of 135 and 180 kg/ha resulted in 71.0 and 83.5% increases in yield over the 0 kg N/ha rate. Nitrogen content in whole plants and leaf tissue increased, whereas the P and K content in whole plants decreased with an increase in applied N. Root growth increased with N rates up to 90 kg N/ha but was depressed at the 180 kg N/ha rate.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Kenaf total dry matter and stem yields were maximized at 345 800 plants/ha
- Taxon
- Kenaf
Hibiscus cannabinuse0 - Treatment
- 345 800 plants/hae1
- Outcome
- Total dry matter and stem yieldse1
- Direction
- maximizede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e1“Total dry matter and stem yields were maximized at 345 800 plants/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Tainung-1 gave higher kenaf stem yield than Cuba-2032
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Material
- Tainunge2
- Treatment
- Tainunge2
- Outcome
- stem yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- Cubae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e2“Tainung‐1 resulted in higher stem yield than that of Cuba‐2032”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow 38 cm row spacing gave higher kenaf yields than 76 cm spacing for both cultivars
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- Narrow row spacing (38 cm)e3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- 76e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e3“Narrow row spacing (38 cm) resulted in higher yields than 76‐cm row spacing for both cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied N at 135 kg/ha increased kenaf yield by 71.0% over the 0 kg N/ha rate
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- Applied N at the rate of 135 and 180 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- increasese4
- Value
- 71.0e4
- Qualifier
- 135e4
- Comparator
- 0 kg N/ha ratee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e4“Applied N at the rate of 135 and 180 kg/ha resulted in 71.0 and 83.5% increases in yield over the 0 kg N/ha rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied N at 180 kg/ha increased kenaf yield by 83.5% over the 0 kg N/ha rate
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- Applied N at the rate of 135 and 180 kg/hae4
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- increasese4
- Value
- 83.5%e4
- Qualifier
- 180e4
- Comparator
- 0 kg N/ha ratee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e4“Applied N at the rate of 135 and 180 kg/ha resulted in 71.0 and 83.5% increases in yield over the 0 kg N/ha rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied N increased whole-plant and leaf nitrogen content in kenaf
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- applied Ne5
- Outcome
- Nitrogen content in whole plants and leaf tissuee5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e5“Nitrogen content in whole plants and leaf tissue increased, whereas the P and K content in whole plants decreased with an increase in applied N”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied N decreased whole-plant P and K content in kenaf
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- applied Ne5
- Outcome
- P and K content in whole plantse5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e5“Nitrogen content in whole plants and leaf tissue increased, whereas the P and K content in whole plants decreased with an increase in applied N”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth of kenaf increased with N rates up to 90 kg N/ha
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- N rates up to 90 kg N/hae6
- Outcome
- Root growthe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e6“Root growth increased with N rates up to 90 kg N/ha but was depressed at the 180 kg N/ha rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth of kenaf was depressed at 180 kg N/ha
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- 180 kg N/ha ratee6
- Outcome
- Root growthe6
- Direction
- depressede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e6“Root growth increased with N rates up to 90 kg N/ha but was depressed at the 180 kg N/ha rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Kenaf basal stem diameter decreased from 2.3 cm at the lowest plant population to 1.63 cm at the highest
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- plant populatione7
- Outcome
- Basal stem diametere7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Value
- 2.3 cme7
- Comparator
- lowest plant populatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e7“Basal stem diameter was 2.3 cm for the lowest plant population and decreased to 1.63 cm for highest population”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars and row spacings had no effect on kenaf stem diameter
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- Cultivars and row spacingse1
- Outcome
- stem diametere1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e1“Cultivars and row spacings had no effect on stem diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
The 20 May planting gave the highest kenaf total dry matter yield
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- 20 May plantinge1
- Outcome
- Total dry matter yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e1“Total dry matter yield was highest for the 20 May planting and decreased significantly with delayed plantings”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed planting significantly decreased kenaf total dry matter yield relative to the 20 May planting
- Taxon
- KenafHibiscus cannabinuse0
- Treatment
- delayed plantingse1
- Outcome
- Total dry matter yielde1
- Direction
- decreased significantlye1
- Comparator
- 20 May plantinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber crop”
e1“Total dry matter yield was highest for the 20 May planting and decreased significantly with delayed plantings”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.