Abstract
A screenhouse experiment was carried out at the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, to investigate the influence of two species of Glomus (G. mosseae and G. deserticola) on the fertilizer efficiency of Sokoto phosphate rock in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of sole inoculations of G. mosseae and G. deserticola and their combinations with phosphate rock (PR), sole application of PR, SSP and a no-inoculation, no-fertilizer control. Results obtained revealed that the percent colonization rate of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) was significantly higher in treatments with combinations of PR and Glomus than the sole AMF treatments and least in non mycorrhizal fungi treatments at 3 and 9 Weeks after sowing (WAS). Also, sole inoculation of G. deserticola caused significantly higher P uptake than treatments with combination of PR and Glomus as well as SSP application and least in control, N uptake was however similar in all the treatments. Consequently, growth parameters such as, plant height, numbers of leaves and branches, canopy diameter as well as leaf area significantly increased between 2-6WAS due to inoculation of G. mosseae or G. deserticola and their combinations with PR. Furthermore, shoot biomass significantly increased at 3, 6 and 9 WAS with G mosseae and PR combination similarly, root biomass significantly increased at 3 WAS due to application of PR and at 6 and 9 WAS, combination of G. deserticola and PR increased root biomass. Nodule weight increased significantly with combinations of PR with G. deserticola at 6, 8 and 9 WAS and PR with G. mosseae at 9 WAS while nodule number increased significantly with combination of PR and the two species of Glomus at 6, 8 and 9WAS. Sole inoculation of G. deserticola and SSP caused the plants to flower significantly earlier than other treatments and yield was significantly higher in sole G. mosseae and PR treatments than in SSP and control. At the end of soybean cropping, treatments with PR/Glomus combination and sole G. mosseae produced significantly higher N in the residual soil while sole application ofPRproduced the least. Application of SSPgave the highestP, whilePRas well as control gave the least and soil organic matter was highest with sole inoculation of G. deserticola and least inPRapplication.Keywords: Phosphate Rock, Glomus mosseae, Glomus deserticola, soybean, Residual soil
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi was significantly higher with combinations of phosphate rock and Glomus than with sole AMF treatments.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- combinations of PR and Glomuse1
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhiza fungie1symbiont
- Outcome
- percent colonization rate of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF)e1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- 3 and 9 Weeks after sowing (WAS)e1
- Comparator
- sole AMF treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“percent colonization rate of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) was significantly higher in treatments with combinations of PR and Glomus than the sole AMF treatments and least in non mycorrhizal fungi treatments at 3 and 9 Weeks after sowing (WAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole inoculation with G. deserticola significantly increased soybean P uptake relative to combinations of phosphate rock and Glomus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sole inoculation of G. deserticolae2
- Interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae2symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptakee2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- treatments with combination of PR and Glomuse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e2“sole inoculation of G. deserticola caused significantly higher P uptake than treatments with combination of PR and Glomus”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake by soybean was similar in all treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- N uptakee3
- Qualifier
- similar in all the treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e3“N uptake was however similar in all the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with G. mosseae or G. deserticola, alone or with phosphate rock, significantly increased plant height and the numbers of leaves and branches between 2 and 6 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation of G. mosseae or G. deserticola and their combinations with PRe4
- Interactor
- G. mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee4symbiont - Second interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae4symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height, numbers of leaves and branchese4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- between 2-6WASe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e4“growth parameters such as, plant height, numbers of leaves and branches, canopy diameter as well as leaf area significantly increased between 2-6WAS due to inoculation of G. mosseae or G. deserticola and their combinations with PR”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with G. mosseae or G. deserticola, alone or with phosphate rock, significantly increased canopy diameter and leaf area between 2 and 6 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation of G. mosseae or G. deserticola and their combinations with PRe4
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee4symbiont
- Second interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae4symbiont
- Outcome
- canopy diameter as well as leaf areae4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- between 2-6WASe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e4“growth parameters such as, plant height, numbers of leaves and branches, canopy diameter as well as leaf area significantly increased between 2-6WAS due to inoculation of G. mosseae or G. deserticola and their combinations with PR”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot biomass significantly increased with G. mosseae and phosphate rock combination at 3, 6 and 9 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- G mosseae and PR combinatione5
- Interactor
- G mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee5symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- at 3, 6 and 9 WASe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e5“shoot biomass significantly increased at 3, 6 and 9 WAS with G mosseae and PR combination”
Claim · model-written summary
Root biomass significantly increased at 3 weeks with phosphate rock application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- application of PRe6
- Outcome
- root biomasse6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- at 3 WASe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e6“root biomass significantly increased at 3 WAS due to application of PR”
Claim · model-written summary
Root biomass increased at 6 and 9 weeks with G. deserticola and phosphate rock combination.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- combination of G. deserticola and PRe7
- Interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae7symbiont
- Outcome
- root biomasse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- at 6 and 9 WASe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e7“at 6 and 9 WAS, combination of G. deserticola and PR increased root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodule weight increased with G. deserticola and phosphate rock combinations at 6, 8 and 9 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- combinations of PR with G. deserticolae1
- Interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae1symbiont
- Outcome
- Nodule weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- at 6, 8 and 9 WASe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“Nodule weight increased significantly with combinations of PR with G. deserticola at 6, 8 and 9 WAS and PR with G. mosseae at 9 WAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodule weight increased with G. mosseae and phosphate rock at 9 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- PR with G. mosseaee1
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- Nodule weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- at 9 WASe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“Nodule weight increased significantly with combinations of PR with G. deserticola at 6, 8 and 9 WAS and PR with G. mosseae at 9 WAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodule number increased with phosphate rock combined with either Glomus species at 6, 8 and 9 weeks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- combination of PR and the two species of Glomuse1
- Outcome
- nodule numbere1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- at 6, 8 and 9WASe1
GlomusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“nodule number increased significantly with combination of PR and the two species of Glomus at 6, 8 and 9WAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole inoculation with G. deserticola caused soybean to flower significantly earlier than other treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Sole inoculation of G. deserticolae1
- Interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae1symbiont
- Outcome
- to flowere1
- Direction
- earliere1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“Sole inoculation of G. deserticola and SSP caused the plants to flower significantly earlier than other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
SSP caused soybean to flower significantly earlier than other treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- SSPe1
- Outcome
- to flowere1
- Direction
- earliere1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“Sole inoculation of G. deserticola and SSP caused the plants to flower significantly earlier than other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield was significantly higher with sole G. mosseae and phosphate rock treatments than with SSP and control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sole G. mosseae and PR treatmentse1
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- SSP and controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“yield was significantly higher in sole G. mosseae and PR treatments than in SSP and control”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments combining phosphate rock with Glomus significantly increased residual soil N.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- PR/Glomus combinatione1
- Outcome
- N in the residual soile1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“treatments with PR/Glomus combination and sole G. mosseae produced significantly higher N in the residual soil while sole application ofPRproduced the least”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole G. mosseae significantly increased residual soil N.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sole G. mosseaee1
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- N in the residual soile1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“treatments with PR/Glomus combination and sole G. mosseae produced significantly higher N in the residual soil while sole application ofPRproduced the least”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole application of phosphate rock produced the least residual soil N.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sole application ofPRe1
- Outcome
- N in the residual soile1
- Direction
- leaste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“treatments with PR/Glomus combination and sole G. mosseae produced significantly higher N in the residual soil while sole application ofPRproduced the least”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of SSP gave the highest residual soil P, higher than PR and control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“Application of SSPgave the highestP, whilePRas well as control gave the least”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic matter was highest with sole inoculation of G. deserticola and least with phosphate rock application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- sole inoculation of G. deserticolae1
- Interactor
- G. deserticolaSeptoglomus deserticolae1symbiont
- Outcome
- soil organic mattere1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Comparator
- PRapplicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in promoting soybean production and the impact on the residual soil”
e1“soil organic matter was highest with sole inoculation of G. deserticola and least inPRapplication”
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See all 81 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.