Abstract
Abstract We studied effects of salt stress on proline accumulation and the activities of proline metabolic enzymes in reed, a salt-tolerant, cosmopolitan, aquatic grass. A concentration-dependent inhibition of plant growth occurred in the presence of NaCl, which was accompanied by high amounts of proline accumulation. Reed tolerance of salt stress reaches a limit at approximately 200 m m NaCl. Free proline content and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) activity both increased with salt stress treatment, while ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity appeared to be unaffected, suggesting that the glutamate pathway, rather than the ornithine pathway, plays a vital role in proline accumulation during osmotic regulation. The activity of the proline degrading enzyme, proline dehydrogenase (PDH), decreased under salt stress, indicating that proline catabolism may also be responsible for proline accumulation in response to salt stress. Furthermore, high salinity ≥250 m m NaCl, which stops growth of reed, decreases proline accumulation and P5CS, OAT, and PDH activities. This suggests that changes in enzyme activities of proline metabolism coupled with increased proline accumulation are involved in osmotic regulation of reed plants only when they are grown at salinities ≤200 m m NaCl.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl inhibited reed growth in a concentration-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- common reed
Phragmites australist0 - Treatment
- NaCle0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“A concentration-dependent inhibition of plant growth occurred in the presence of NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl increased proline accumulation.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- high amountse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“which was accompanied by high amounts of proline accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Reed salt tolerance reached a limit at about 200 m m NaCl.
Verbatim
e0“Reed tolerance of salt stress reaches a limit at approximately 200 m m NaCl.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased free proline content.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Treatment
- salt stress treatmente0
- Outcome
- Free proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“Free proline content and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) activity both increased with salt stress treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased P5CS activity.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Treatment
- salt stress treatmente0
- Gene
- pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS)e0
- Outcome
- pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“Free proline content and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) activity both increased with salt stress treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress appeared not to affect OAT activity.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Gene
- ornithine aminotransferase (OAT)e0
- Outcome
- ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activitye0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity appeared to be unaffected”
Claim · model-written summary
The glutamate pathway was implicated in proline accumulation during osmotic regulation.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- glutamate pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“suggesting that the glutamate pathway, rather than the ornithine pathway, plays a vital role in proline accumulation during osmotic regulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased proline dehydrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Gene
- proline dehydrogenase (PDH)e0
- Outcome
- activity of the proline degrading enzyme, proline dehydrogenase (PDH)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“The activity of the proline degrading enzyme, proline dehydrogenase (PDH), decreased under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced proline catabolism may contribute to salt-induced proline accumulation.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- proline catabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“proline catabolism may also be responsible for proline accumulation in response to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity at or above 250 m m NaCl stopped reed growth.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“high salinity ≥250 m m NaCl, which stops growth of reed”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity decreased proline accumulation and P5CS and OAT activities.
- Taxon
- common reedPhragmites australist0
- Treatment
- high salinity ≥250 m m NaCle0
- Outcome
- proline accumulation and P5CS, OAT, and PDH activitiese0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“common reed”
e0“high salinity ≥250 m m NaCl, which stops growth of reed, decreases proline accumulation and P5CS, OAT, and PDH activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolic enzyme changes and proline accumulation were implicated in osmotic regulation only at salinity at or below 200 m m NaCl.
Verbatim
e0“changes in enzyme activities of proline metabolism coupled with increased proline accumulation are involved in osmotic regulation of reed plants only when they are grown at salinities ≤200 m m NaCl”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Phragmites australis (common reed)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.