Abstract
This experiment was carried out during the fall season 2009-2010 in the vegetable greenhouse, Horticulture Department, Dohuk University. Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected to three irrigation levels where plant irrigated whenever 25, 50 or 75% of pot available water capacity were depleted, besides plants were sprayed with either 100mgl-1 gibberellic acid (GA3), 100mgl-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2.5gl-1 micronutrient and distilled water as a check treatment. The objective was to evaluate the cultivar performance under adequate and inadequate irrigation during flowering, pod swelling and seed filling stages to find out which is the best, particularly under moderate and severe drought, besides that we intended to evaluate the possibility extent of boosting drought resistance of these cultivars by the aid of GA3, IBA and micronutrients. The obtained results exhibited that irrigating pea plants whenever 25% 0f pot available water capacity was depleted appeared to be the paramount irrigation treatment followed by that of 50% depletion and irrigation level of 75% are not advisable. 25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g), weight 100 seeds (23.02g), seed fresh weight per pod (1.44g), pericarp fresh weight (2.05g), aperture length of upper leaf stomata (4.38μm), stomata length of leaf lower surface (6.23 μm), stomata aperture length of leaf lower surface (4.75 μm), smallest vessel width (3.72 μm), protein content of dry seed (25.3%), GA3 (346.63 mgkg-1 dry seeds), and IAA (4109.72 mgkg-1 dry seeds). The best plant response was confined to these sprayed with micronutrient, then IBA and the lowest was GA3-treated pea. Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49), individual pod fresh weight (3.01g), seed number per pod (3.64), yield of fresh pods per plant (13.33g), total pod number per plant (4.11), weight of 100 seeds (23.51), fresh weight of pericarp (1.6g), stomata length at upper leaf surface (6.05μm), stomata length at lower leaf surface (6.6 μm), stomata width at lower leaf surface (3.78 μm), stomata aperture length at lower leaf surface (4.61 μm), stomata aperture width at lower leaf surface (2.38 μm), stomata population at lower and upper leaf surface (5971.88 and 3792.19 stomata mm-2, respectively), chlorophyll percentage out of gross pigments (40.05%), proline content (0.0062 μgg-1 dry seeds), ABA (713.31 mgkg-1 dry seeds) and IAA (3725.23 mgkg-1 dry seeds). Crinkle pea appeared to be the potent cultivar it gave the highest yield of green pod (14.6 gplant-1), plant height (119.8cm), leaf dry weight (0.27g), root dry weight (0.25g), leaf dry mater percentage (28.79%), stem dry matter percentage (36.39%), flower number (6.75), pod number per plant (4.62), individual pod dry weight (1.21g), pod fresh weight (2.72g), seed number per pod (2.95), pericap fresh weight (1.51g), dry pericarp (0.57g), upper leaf surface stomata width (3.7μm), upper leaf surface stomata length (6 μm), stomata aperture length of upper leaf surface (4.32 μm), stomata aperture width of upper leaf surface (2.2 μm), aperture length of lower leaf surface stomata (4.64 μm), aperture width of lower leaf surface stomata (2.32 μm), stomata length at lower leaf surface (6.4 μm), stomata width at lower leaf surface (3.96 μm), the widest and lowest vessels width (10.37 and 3.8μm, respectively), vessels number per bundle (12.46) and chlorophyll percentage related to gross pigments (34.74%). Local smooth comes next then the worst cultivar was Canadian. Therefore, crinkle was most drought resistant pea cultivar.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest leaf number per plant, 26.33.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- leaf number per plante1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 26.33e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest plant height, 141.15 cm.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 141.15 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest green pod yield per plant, 14.53 g.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- green pod yield per plante1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 14.53ge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest weight of 100 seeds, 23.02 g.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- weight 100 seedse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 23.02ge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g), weight 100 seeds (23.02g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest protein content of dry seed, 25.3%.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- protein content of dry seede1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 25.3%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g), weight 100 seeds (23.02g), seed fresh weight per pod (1.44g), pericarp fresh weight (2.05g), aperture length of upper leaf stomata (4.38μm), stomata length of leaf lower surface (6.23 μm), stomata aperture length of leaf lower surface (4.75 μm), smallest vessel width (3.72 μm), protein content of dry seed (25.3%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest GA3 content in dry seeds, 346.63 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- GA3e1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 346.63 mgkg-1 dry seedse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g), weight 100 seeds (23.02g), seed fresh weight per pod (1.44g), pericarp fresh weight (2.05g), aperture length of upper leaf stomata (4.38μm), stomata length of leaf lower surface (6.23 μm), stomata aperture length of leaf lower surface (4.75 μm), smallest vessel width (3.72 μm), protein content of dry seed (25.3%), GA3 (346.63 mgkg-1 dry seeds)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 25% irrigation level gave the highest IAA content in dry seeds, 4109.72 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 25% irrigation levele1
- Outcome
- IAAe1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4109.72 mgkg-1 dry seedse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“25% irrigation level manifested the highest leaf number per plant (26.33), plant height (141.15 cm), root dry weight (0.16g), flower number per plant (6.48), individual pod fresh weight (3.56g), seed number per pod (3.47), green pod yield per plant (14.53g), weight 100 seeds (23.02g), seed fresh weight per pod (1.44g), pericarp fresh weight (2.05g), aperture length of upper leaf stomata (4.38μm), stomata length of leaf lower surface (6.23 μm), stomata aperture length of leaf lower surface (4.75 μm), smallest vessel width (3.72 μm), protein content of dry seed (25.3%), GA3 (346.63 mgkg-1 dry seeds), and IAA (4109.72 mgkg-1 dry seeds)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient spray gave the highest root dry weight, 0.16 g.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 2gl-1 micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- root dry weighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 0.16ge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient spray gave the highest leaf dry matter percentage, 26.36%.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 2gl-1 micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- leaf dry matter percentagee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 26.36%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient spray gave the highest stem dry matter percentage, 35.77%.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 2gl-1 micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- stem dry matter percentagee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 35.77%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient spray gave the highest pod number per plant, 4.49.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 2gl-1 micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- pod number per plante1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4.49e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient spray gave the highest chlorophyll percentage out of gross pigments, 40.05%.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 2gl-1 micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll percentage out of gross pigmentse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 40.05%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Pea sprayed by 2gl-1 micronutrients manifested the highest root dry weight (0.16g), leaf dry matter percentage (26.36%), stem dry matter percentage (35.77%), flower number per plant (6.43), pod number per plant (4.49), individual pod fresh weight (3.01g), seed number per pod (3.64), yield of fresh pods per plant (13.33g), total pod number per plant (4.11), weight of 100 seeds (23.51), fresh weight of pericarp (1.6g), stomata length at upper leaf surface (6.05μm), stomata length at lower leaf surface (6.6 μm), stomata width at lower leaf surface (3.78 μm), stomata aperture length at lower leaf surface (4.61 μm), stomata aperture width at lower leaf surface (2.38 μm), stomata population at lower and upper leaf surface (5971.88 and 3792.19 stomata mm-2, respectively), chlorophyll percentage out of gross pigments (40.05%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crinkle pea gave the highest green pod yield, 14.6 g per plant.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Material
- Local crinklee0
- Outcome
- yield of green pode1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 14.6 gplant-1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Crinkle pea appeared to be the potent cultivar it gave the highest yield of green pod (14.6 gplant-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crinkle was the most drought resistant pea cultivar.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- crinklee1
- Outcome
- drought resistante1
- Direction
- moste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Therefore, crinkle was most drought resistant pea cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
A 75% irrigation level is not advisable for pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- irrigation level of 75%e1
- Qualifier
- not advisablee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“irrigation level of 75% are not advisable”
Claim · model-written summary
Canadian was the worst pea cultivar.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Material
- Canadiane0
- Outcome
- worst cultivare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three pea cultivars namely Local crinkle, Local Smooth and Canadian were subjected”
e1“Local smooth comes next then the worst cultivar was Canadian”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 treatment gave the lowest plant response in pea, below micronutrient spray.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- GA3e1
- Outcome
- plant responsee1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Comparator
- micronutriente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The best plant response was confined to these sprayed with micronutrient, then IBA and the lowest was GA3-treated pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigating whenever 25% of available water was depleted gave the paramount irrigation treatment, ahead of 50% depletion.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- irrigating pea plants whenever 25% 0f pot available water capacity was depletede1
- Outcome
- paramount irrigation treatmente1
- Direction
- paramounte1
- Comparator
- that of 50% depletione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“irrigating pea plants whenever 25% 0f pot available water capacity was depleted appeared to be the paramount irrigation treatment followed by that of 50% depletion”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.