Abstract
An appropriate fertilization strategy is essential for improving micronutrient supply, crop nutrition, yield and quality. Comparative effects of different application strategies of micronutrient fertilizer were evaluated in two contrasting sites/soils (upper slope Chernozem and lower slope Solonetz) within a farm field located in the Brown soil zone of Saskatchewan, Canada. The study objective was to examine the impact of Cu, Zn, and B fertilizer application strategies on their mobility, bioavailability and fate in the soil as well as crop yield responses. The application strategies were broadcast, broadcast and incorporation, seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatment replicates for a specific crop and site. Crop biomass yields were not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement strategies at both sites. Pea tissue Zn concentration (35.2 mg Zn kg−1 grain and 5.15 mg Zn kg−1 straw) was increased by broadcast and incorporation of Zn sulfate on the Solonetz soil. Residual levels of soil extractable available Cu were increased significantly to 3.18 mg Cu kg−1 soil at Chernozem and 2.53 mg Cu kg−1 soil Solonetz site with the seed row banding of Cu sulfate. The PRS™-probe supply of Cu (1.84 µm Cu/cm2) and Zn (1.18 µm Zn/cm2) were significantly higher with broadcast application of corresponding micronutrient fertilizer in the Chernozem soil. Both the chemical and spectroscopic speciation revealed that carbonate associated Cu and Zn were dominant species that are likely to control the bioavailability of these micronutrients under field conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
wheat biomass yield was not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- micronutrient placement strategiese1
- Outcome
- Crop biomass yieldse1
- Direction
- not significantly influencede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application strategies were broadcast, broadcast and incorporation, seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“Crop biomass yields were not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement strategies at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
pea biomass yield was not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- micronutrient placement strategiese1
- Outcome
- Crop biomass yieldse1
- Direction
- not significantly influencede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application strategies were broadcast, broadcast and incorporation, seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“Crop biomass yields were not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement strategies at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
canola biomass yield was not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement.
- Taxon
- canola
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Brassica napus var. napuse0 - Treatment
- micronutrient placement strategiese1
- Outcome
- Crop biomass yieldse1
- Direction
- not significantly influencede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The application strategies were broadcast, broadcast and incorporation, seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“Crop biomass yields were not significantly influenced by micronutrient placement strategies at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast incorporation of Zn sulfate increased pea grain Zn concentration to 35.2 mg Zn kg−1 grain.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- broadcast and incorporation of Zn sulfatee0
- Outcome
- tissue Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.2 mg Zn kg−1 graine0
- Setting
- Solonetz soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea tissue Zn concentration (35.2 mg Zn kg−1 grain and 5.15 mg Zn kg−1 straw) was increased by broadcast and incorporation of Zn sulfate on the Solonetz soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast incorporation of Zn sulfate increased pea straw Zn concentration to 5.15 mg Zn kg−1 straw.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- broadcast and incorporation of Zn sulfatee0
- Outcome
- tissue Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.15 mg Zn kg−1 strawe0
- Setting
- Solonetz soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea tissue Zn concentration (35.2 mg Zn kg−1 grain and 5.15 mg Zn kg−1 straw) was increased by broadcast and incorporation of Zn sulfate on the Solonetz soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed row banding of Cu sulfate significantly increased extractable soil Cu at Chernozem.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- seed row banding of Cu sulfatee1
- Outcome
- soil extractable available Cue1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 3.18 mg Cu kg−1 soile1
- Setting
- Chernozeme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“Residual levels of soil extractable available Cu were increased significantly to 3.18 mg Cu kg−1 soil at Chernozem and 2.53 mg Cu kg−1 soil Solonetz site with the seed row banding of Cu sulfate”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed row banding of Cu sulfate significantly increased extractable soil Cu at Solonetz.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- seed row banding of Cu sulfatee1
- Outcome
- soil extractable available Cue1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 2.53 mg Cu kg−1 soile1
- Setting
- Solonetze1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed row banding, and foliar application of Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“Residual levels of soil extractable available Cu were increased significantly to 3.18 mg Cu kg−1 soil at Chernozem and 2.53 mg Cu kg−1 soil Solonetz site with the seed row banding of Cu sulfate”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer increased PRS probe Cu supply in Chernozem soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- broadcast application of corresponding micronutrient fertilizere1
- Outcome
- PRS™-probe supply of Cue1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1.84 µm Cu/cm2e1
- Setting
- Chernozem soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“The PRS™-probe supply of Cu (1.84 µm Cu/cm2) and Zn (1.18 µm Zn/cm2) were significantly higher with broadcast application of corresponding micronutrient fertilizer in the Chernozem soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer increased PRS probe Zn supply in Chernozem soil.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- broadcast application of corresponding micronutrient fertilizere1
- Outcome
- Zne1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1.18 µm Zn/cm2e1
- Setting
- Chernozem soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu, Zn, and B on wheat, pea, and canola, respectively”
e1“The PRS™-probe supply of Cu (1.84 µm Cu/cm2) and Zn (1.18 µm Zn/cm2) were significantly higher with broadcast application of corresponding micronutrient fertilizer in the Chernozem soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbonate associated Cu and Zn were dominant soil species.
- Outcome
- carbonate associated Cu and Zn were dominant speciese0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Both the chemical and spectroscopic speciation revealed that carbonate associated Cu and Zn were dominant species that are likely to control the bioavailability of these micronutrients under field conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer carbonate associated Cu and Zn likely control micronutrient bioavailability.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Both the chemical and spectroscopic speciation revealed that carbonate associated Cu and Zn were dominant species that are likely to control the bioavailability of these micronutrients under field conditions”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
- negative
- negative
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- no effect
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- negative
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3 in the opposite direction
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
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- positive
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See all 12 papers →transplanting · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 16 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.