Abstract
Abstract In a hill pasture in New Zealand, pastoral fallows starting from December, January, and February and terminating in June significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced the tiller density of grasses, the dominant species in the sward. At the conclusion of these fallows, the plant population (grass + legume + weed) density was only 29–49% of the grazed control. Fallows from December and January to June significantly ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) increased the internode length of white clover. Only the December fallow significantly ( P < 0.05) increased the viable seed population of grasses, whereas for other treatments and other species in the December fallow there was no significant difference between the fallowed and grazed swards. The addition of fertiliser nitrogen significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced the decline in tiller density for the March to June fallow from the time of application. It improved the specific stolon weight of white clover and reduced the viable seed population of weeds and rushes ( P < 0.05). It is concluded that pastoral fallows starting from December, January, and February or March with nitrogen addition and ending in June considerably reduced plant population density for oversowing new plant species. However, attention to natural reseeding from grass species should be given when the December to June fallow is used. The increased dispersion of white clover stolons by internode elongation in the fallowed swards, especially in the December and January to June fallows, may improve the distribution and content of white clover.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
December, January and February fallows reduced grass tiller density relative to grazing.
- Taxon
- grassese0
- Treatment
- pastoral fallows starting from December, January, and February and terminating in Junee0
- Outcome
- tiller density of grassese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“pastoral fallows starting from December, January, and February and terminating in June significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced the tiller density of grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Fallowed swards had 29–49% of the grazed control plant population density.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentDirection
Verbatim
e0“the plant population (grass + legume + weed) density was only 29–49% of the grazed control”
Claim · model-written summary
December and January fallows increased white clover internode length.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repense0 - Treatment
- Fallows from December and January to Junee0
- Outcome
- internode lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fallows from December and January to June significantly ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) increased the internode length of white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
December fallow increased viable grass seed population.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Only the December fallow significantly ( P < 0.05) increased the viable seed population of grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Other treatments and species showed no significant seed population difference.
- Treatment
- other treatmentse0
- Outcome
- no significant differencee0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- grazed swardse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“for other treatments and other species in the December fallow there was no significant difference between the fallowed and grazed swards”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen enhanced the decline in grass tiller density during March to June fallow.
- Treatment
- fertiliser nitrogene0
- Outcome
- tiller densitye0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- March to June fallowe0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“fertiliser nitrogen significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced the decline in tiller density for the March to June fallow”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen improved white clover specific stolon weight.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Outcome
- specific stolon weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It improved the specific stolon weight of white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen reduced viable seed populations of weeds and rushes.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“reduced the viable seed population of weeds and rushes ( P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest considering grass reseeding when using December to June fallow.
Verbatim
e0“attention to natural reseeding from grass species should be given when the December to June fallow is used”
Claim · model-written summary
Fallow induced white clover stolon dispersion may improve clover distribution and content.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Organ / stage
- stolonse0
- Treatment
- fallowed swardse0
- Outcome
- distribution and contente0
- Qualifier
- may improvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased dispersion of white clover stolons by internode elongation in the fallowed swards, especially in the December and January to June fallows, may improve the distribution and content of white clover”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.