Abstract
Abstract The field study was conducted in April 2006 in a long-term fertilization experiment that was set up in 1983. The aims of this study are to compare the weediness in plots with nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium (NPK), NPK + farmyard manure (FYM), and NPK + stalk treatments and to study the effect of increasing N doses on the weeds and winter wheat plants. The bifactorial test was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The treatments were the following: 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1 N, 100 kg ha−1 phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), and 100 kg ha−1 potassium oxide (K2O). Three weed species were dominant in the experiment: Veronica hederifolia, Consolida regalis, and Stellaria media. The NPK treatment resulted in the smallest average weed cover. The significantly greatest weed cover was found on the plots treated with NPK + FYM, but the greatest biomass production of winter wheat was measured also in the NPK + FYM treatment, which resulted in a good crop competition. The weed cover was increased proportionally by the rising N doses. The effect of increasing N rates was positive on the winter wheat biomass and on wheat competition to the weeds. Results of our study show that we can manage weeds better using favorable plant nutrition. Keywords: Biomass productionfertilizationN dosesweedswinter wheat Acknowledgment The authors express their sincere thanks for the financial support by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) K60314.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Three weeds dominated the experimental plots.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Veronica hederifolia
Veronica hederifoliae0weed - Second interactor
- Consolida regalis
Consolida regalise0weed - Outcome
- Three weed species were dominante0
- Qualifier
- Stellaria mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“Three weed species were dominant in the experiment: Veronica hederifolia, Consolida regalis, and Stellaria media”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK had the smallest average weed cover.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NPKe0
- Outcome
- weed covere0
- Direction
- smalleste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“The NPK treatment resulted in the smallest average weed cover”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus manure had the greatest weed cover.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- weed covere0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“The significantly greatest weed cover was found on the plots treated with NPK + FYM”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus manure gave the greatest wheat biomass.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“the greatest biomass production of winter wheat was measured also in the NPK + FYM treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen dose raised weed cover proportionally.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- rising N dosese0
- Outcome
- weed covere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“The weed cover was increased proportionally by the rising N doses”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen increased wheat biomass.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- increasing N ratese0
- Outcome
- winter wheat biomasse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“The effect of increasing N rates was positive on the winter wheat biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen improved wheat competition against weeds.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing N ratese0
- Outcome
- wheat competition to the weedse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“The effect of increasing N rates was positive on the winter wheat biomass and on wheat competition to the weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend favorable plant nutrition to manage weeds.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- manage weeds better using favorable plant nutritione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Winter Wheat”
e0“we can manage weeds better using favorable plant nutrition”
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