Abstract
Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h, or at the seedling stage (5th day of germination) in concentration 0.5, 5 and 20 μM for 6, 24 and 48 h. The germination and the growth of roots (germination stage treatment) were less in Hg than in Cd treatment. The seedlings (seedling stage treatment) were, however, more susceptible to Cd than Hg. Both root and leaf tissues of the plant treated at the germination stage showed enhanced lipid peroxidation and activities of the antioxidative enzymes (catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase), except the catalase in leaf in 25 μM Cd treatment. At seedling stage the content of malondialdehyde increased significantly only in the leaf tissue, during 6 h exposure. The activities of all the enzymes exhibited an increasing trend in both the tissue of the seedlings, particularly the leaf, at least after 24 and 48 h, except the catalase whose activity declined in response to Cd. Active involvement of the guaiacol and ascorbate peroxidases, rather than catalase, in scavenging cellular H2O2 was indicated. It was concluded that the two metals had little primary damaging effect on membranes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and root growth were lower under Hg than under Cd exposure at the germination stage.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureus
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Vigna radiata var. radiatae1 - Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Treatment
- Hge2
- Outcome
- germination and the growth of rootse2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- Cde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e2“The germination and the growth of roots (germination stage treatment) were less in Hg than in Cd treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings were more susceptible to Cd than to Hg at the seedling stage.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse3
- Treatment
- Cde3
- Outcome
- susceptiblee3
- Direction
- moree3
- Comparator
- Hge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e3“The seedlings (seedling stage treatment) were, however, more susceptible to Cd than Hg”
Claim · model-written summary
Lipid peroxidation was enhanced in root and leaf tissues after germination-stage exposure to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Organ / stage
- root and leaf tissuese4
- Treatment
- HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2e1
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e4“Both root and leaf tissues of the plant treated at the germination stage showed enhanced lipid peroxidation”
Claim · model-written summary
Activities of the antioxidative enzymes were enhanced in root and leaf tissues after germination-stage exposure, except catalase in leaf at 25 μM Cd.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Organ / stage
- root and leaf tissuese5
- Treatment
- HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2e1
- Gene
- catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidasee5
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidative enzymese5
- Direction
- enhancede5
- Qualifier
- except the catalase in leaf in 25 μM Cd treatmente5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e5“Both root and leaf tissues of the plant treated at the germination stage showed enhanced lipid peroxidation and activities of the antioxidative enzymes (catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase), except the catalase in leaf in 25 μM Cd treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde content increased significantly only in leaf tissue during 6 h of seedling-stage exposure.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee6
- Treatment
- HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2e1
- Outcome
- content of malondialdehydee6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e6“At seedling stage the content of malondialdehyde increased significantly only in the leaf tissue, during 6 h exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Activities of all the enzymes showed an increasing trend in both seedling tissues, particularly the leaf, after 24 and 48 h, except catalase.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Organ / stage
- the leafe7
- Treatment
- HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2e1
- Outcome
- activities of all the enzymese7
- Direction
- an increasing trende7
- Qualifier
- at least after 24 and 48 he7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e7“The activities of all the enzymes exhibited an increasing trend in both the tissue of the seedlings, particularly the leaf, at least after 24 and 48 h, except the catalase whose activity declined in response to Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity declined in response to Cd in seedlings.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Treatment
- Cde7
- Gene
- catalasee7
- Outcome
- activitye7
- Direction
- declinede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e7“The activities of all the enzymes exhibited an increasing trend in both the tissue of the seedlings, particularly the leaf, at least after 24 and 48 h, except the catalase whose activity declined in response to Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Guaiacol and ascorbate peroxidases, rather than catalase, appear to be involved in scavenging cellular H2O2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Gene
- guaiacol and ascorbate peroxidasese2
- Outcome
- scavenging cellular H2O2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e2“Active involvement of the guaiacol and ascorbate peroxidases, rather than catalase, in scavenging cellular H2O2 was indicated”
Claim · model-written summary
The two metals had little primary damaging effect on membranes.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae1
- Outcome
- primary damaging effect on membranese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Phaseolus aureus Roxb. was exposed to HgCl2 and Cd(NO3)2 either at the germination stage in concentration 0.5, 5 and 25 μM for 48 and 96 h”
e2“It was concluded that the two metals had little primary damaging effect on membranes”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.