Abstract
Abstract Fluorosilicic acid (H 2 SiF 6 ) is a suggested additive to suspension fertilizers produced from monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to prevent gelling of the suspension. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine if F added to soil via P suspension fertilizers was detrimental to corn ( Zea mays L.) growth. The F sources consisted of reagent‐grade NH 4 F, NH 4 SiF 6 , and three P suspension fertilizers. Equilibria constants and measurements with a F ‐ ion selective electrode (ISE) indicated SiF 6 2‐ dissociates to H 4 SiO 4 and F ‐ at pH > 4 and total F concentration <1 m M . Therefore, only F ‐ needed to be considered as a potential toxic component in soils. At an initial soil pH of 5.8, an 11% dry‐matter weight decrease was observed when a suspension fertilizer with 89 g F kg −1 was added to soil to supply a rate of 170 mg F kg −1 soil. An adequate level of F in P suspension fertilizers is between 16 and 23 g kg −1 and this level did not affect corn dry‐matter weight with application rates ≤ 32 mg F kg −1 soil. At high soil F‐application rates from 30 to 170 mg F kg −1 soil, F was not suspected to be the phytotoxic agent since F concentrations in corn tops were all <0.4 mg kg −1 . There was a significant correlation between soil Al and F extracted with water, which led to a hypothesis that decreased corn growth was due to Al phytotoxicity.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
A suspension fertilizer added to soil at 170 mg F kg −1 decreased corn dry matter weight by 11% at initial soil pH 5.8.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- suspension fertilizere1
- Outcome
- weighte1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 11%e1
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greenhouse study was conducted to determine if F added to soil via P suspension fertilizers was detrimental to corn”
e1“an 11% dry‐matter weight decrease was observed when a suspension fertilizer with 89 g F kg −1 was added to soil”
Claim · model-written summary
F application rates of 32 mg F kg −1 soil or less did not affect corn dry matter weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- application rates ≤ 32 mg F kg −1 soile2
- Outcome
- weighte2
- Direction
- did not affecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“this level did not affect corn dry‐matter weight with application rates ≤ 32 mg F kg −1 soil”
Claim · model-written summary
F concentrations in corn tops were all below 0.4 mg kg −1.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse4
- Outcome
- F concentrations in corn topse4
- Value
- <0.4 mg kg −1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“F concentrations in corn tops were all <0.4 mg kg −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Al and water-extracted F were significantly correlated.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Compound
- Ale3
- Outcome
- soil Al and F extracted with watere3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greenhouse study was conducted to determine if F added to soil via P suspension fertilizers was detrimental to corn”
e3“There was a significant correlation between soil Al and F extracted with water, which led to a hypothesis that decreased corn growth was due to Al phytotoxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Decreased corn growth is hypothesized to be due to Al phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Compound
- Ale3
- Outcome
- decreased corn growthe3
- Qualifier
- Al phytotoxicitye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greenhouse study was conducted to determine if F added to soil via P suspension fertilizers was detrimental to corn”
e3“There was a significant correlation between soil Al and F extracted with water, which led to a hypothesis that decreased corn growth was due to Al phytotoxicity”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
168 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1,196 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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