Abstract
The results of a pot experiment showing the influence of low calcium, low magnesium, and complete fertilizer on the pit incidence and mineral content of Sturmer apples are reported. Low calcium treatment resulted in high incidence of pit, low levels of calcium and high levels of potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the fruit compared to complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatments. In the ash, though the proportion of calcium was significantly lower, the proportions of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus did not change. The difference in the characteristics examined between pitted and sound fruit in the three treatments were in the same direction as those between fruit from low calcium and complete fertilizer treatments, and the differences in calcium level were significant. The response to low calcium treatment was a much greater relative molar increase in nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus than the molar decrease in calcium. The evidence supports an hypothesis that the primary cause of pit is low calcium status which under water stress in the leaves and fruit induces an increase in nitrogen, respiration rate, and mineral content but gives no indication which of these causes the lesions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Low calcium increased pit incidence relative to complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatments.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- Sturmert0
- Treatment
- Low calcium treatmente0
- Outcome
- incidence of pite0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low calcium treatment resulted in high incidence of pit, low levels of calcium and high levels of potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the fruit compared to complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatments”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
Low calcium reduced fruit calcium relative to the comparison treatments.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Sturmert0
- Treatment
- Low calcium treatmente0
- Outcome
- levels of calciume0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low calcium treatment resulted in high incidence of pit, low levels of calcium and high levels of potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the fruit compared to complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatments”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
Low calcium raised fruit potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen relative to comparison treatments.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Low calcium treatmente0
- Outcome
- potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the fruite0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low calcium treatment resulted in high incidence of pit, low levels of calcium and high levels of potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the fruit compared to complete fertilizer and low magnesium treatments”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
The calcium proportion in ash was significantly lower.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- proportion of calciume0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the ash, though the proportion of calcium was significantly lower”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
Ash proportions of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus did not change.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- proportions of potassium, magnesium, and phosphoruse0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proportions of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus did not change”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
Pitted versus sound fruit differed in the same directions as fruit from low calcium versus complete fertilizer treatments, with significant calcium differences.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- differences in calcium levele0
- Direction
- same directione0
- Qualifier
- three treatmentse0
- Comparator
- sound fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The difference in the characteristics examined between pitted and sound fruit in the three treatments were in the same direction as those between fruit from low calcium and complete fertilizer treatments, and the differences in calcium level were significant”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low calcium, relative molar increases in nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus exceeded the molar calcium decrease.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- low calcium treatmente0
- Outcome
- relative molar increase in nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and phosphoruse0
- Direction
- much greatere0
- Comparator
- molar decrease in calciume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response to low calcium treatment was a much greater relative molar increase in nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus than the molar decrease in calcium”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize that low calcium status under water stress initiates pit through increased nitrogen, respiration, and mineral content, without identifying the lesion-causing step.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- pite0
- Qualifier
- low calcium statuse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The evidence supports an hypothesis that the primary cause of pit is low calcium status which under water stress in the leaves and fruit induces an increase in nitrogen, respiration rate, and mineral content but gives no indication which of these causes the lesions”
t0“apple variety Sturmer”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.