Abstract
Abstract Powdered ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O was plowed down for corn ( Zea mays L.) in a Zn‐deficient Fieldon silty clay loam at five rates, row banded, or banded at four rates after mixing with NH 4 NO 3 . The effect of dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA was also compared, using leaf Zn and grain yields for 5 years as criteria. Soil analyses and greenhouse studies with 65 Zn, eight years after Zn fertilization, were conducted to determine possible cause(s) of extreme variations in field availability of indigenous soil Zn for corn, and the residual effect remaining where Zn fertilizer was used eight years previously. Plowing down ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O at higher rates resulted in higher leaf Zn in all 5 years, whereas initially effective lower treatment rates decreased with time. Banded Zn and/or N had little or no effect on leaf Zn. Grain yields were increased by both plow down and band ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O treatments until the fifth year. Dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA had no effect on leaf Zn or on annual grain yield, but increased the 5‐year yield. Soil analyses 8 years after Zn fertilization showed that vegetative Zn‐deficiency symptoms of corn in the field and subsequent low grain yields were significantly related to high extractable P/extractable Zn ratios in the surface 30.5‐cm soil depth. There was no observed effect of temperature, moisture, pH, conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent, or exchangeable K. More Zn was extracted from the surface soils where Zn had been applied nearly 8 years previously, but “A values” were larger only in soils receiving the heaviest 1962 Zn treatment of 44.8 kg/ha.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Higher plowed-down ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O rates increased corn leaf zinc in all five years.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Plowing down ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O at higher ratese0
- Outcome
- leaf Zne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- all 5 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plowing down ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O at higher rates resulted in higher leaf Zn in all 5 years”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The initial effect of lower plowed-down zinc rates declined with time.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- lower treatment ratese0
- Outcome
- initially effective lower treatment ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“initially effective lower treatment rates decreased with time”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Banded zinc or nitrogen had little or no effect on corn leaf zinc.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Banded Zn and/or Ne0
- Outcome
- leaf Zne0
- Direction
- little or no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Banded Zn and/or N had little or no effect on leaf Zn.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowed-down ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O increased grain yields until the fifth year.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- plow downe0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- until the fifth yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were increased by both plow down and band ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O treatments until the fifth year.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Banded ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O increased grain yields until the fifth year.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- band ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 Oe0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- until the fifth yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were increased by both plow down and band ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O treatments until the fifth year.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed dusting with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA did not change leaf zinc or annual grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTAe0
- Outcome
- leaf Zn or on annual grain yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA had no effect on leaf Zn or on annual grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed dusting with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA increased five-year grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTAe0
- Outcome
- 5‐year yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dusting corn seed with Na 2 Zn‐EDTA had no effect on leaf Zn or on annual grain yield, but increased the 5‐year yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn zinc deficiency symptoms and low yields were significantly related to high extractable P to Zn ratios in surface soil.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- vegetative Zn‐deficiency symptoms of corn in the field and subsequent low grain yieldse0
- Qualifier
- high extractable P/extractable Zn ratiose0
- Setting
- the surface 30.5‐cm soil depthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vegetative Zn‐deficiency symptoms of corn in the field and subsequent low grain yields were significantly related to high extractable P/extractable Zn ratios in the surface 30.5‐cm soil depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature, moisture, pH, conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent and exchangeable K had no observed effect.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- no observed effecte0
- Direction
- no observed effecte0
- Setting
- temperature, moisture, pH, conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent, or exchangeable Ke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no observed effect of temperature, moisture, pH, conductivity, calcium carbonate equivalent, or exchangeable K.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface soil retained more extractable zinc where zinc had been applied nearly eight years earlier.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Zn had been appliede0
- Outcome
- Zn was extracted from the surface soilse0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Qualifier
- nearly 8 years previouslye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More Zn was extracted from the surface soils where Zn had been applied nearly 8 years previously”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
A values were larger only after the heaviest 1962 zinc treatment of 44.8 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- the heaviest 1962 Zn treatment of 44.8 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- “A values”e0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““A values” were larger only in soils receiving the heaviest 1962 Zn treatment of 44.8 kg/ha.”
t0“Corn”
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