Abstract
Auxin autotrophic and heterotrophic lines of tobacco calli may differ not only in their indoleacetic acid (IAA) synthetizing abilities and sensitivities to exogenous auxins, but also in their gene expression patterns. Auxin autotrophic callus tissues from the leaf protoplasts of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum SR1 plants involving mas1′ ::GUS gene fusion were generated and the growth of cultures was compared with that of the heterotrophic lines of the same transgenic tissues on MS medium containing different concentrations of IAA or 2,4‐ d . The mas1′ ::GUS gene fusion expression was investigated, together with the glutathione S‐transferase activities (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) in auxin autotrophic and heterotrophic tobacco calli. Both the mas1′ promoter and GST gene promoters contain ocs or ocs ‐like elements, responsible for both auxin and ethylene/wound inducibility. The mas1′ promoter exhibited a much higher expression activity in the heterotrophic cultures growing on IAA than in the autotrophic ones, but in contrast with the natural auxin, the mas1′ ::GUS activity decreased at elevated 2,4‐ d concentrations in the heterotrophic tissues and increased with increasing 2,4‐ d concentrations in the autotrophic lines. The induction of GST activity by different exogenous auxin concentrations was much higher in the autotrophic lines, especially in the case of 2,4‐ d . Higher concentrations of external 2,4‐ d resulted in increased ethylene production, which displayed different kinetics in the two types of calli. The ethylene‐inducing 2,4‐ d concentrations increased the growth of the heterotrophic, but decreased that of the autotrophic lines. Blocking the ethylene receptors and hence the signal perception by 2,5‐norbornadiene (NBD) in the heterotrophic tissues increased the 2,4‐ d ‐induced mas1′ promoter and GST activities, suggesting that the gaseous hormone counteracted the auxin response pathway. This was not found in the autotrophic tissues, where NBD decreased the mas1′ ‐driven GUS activity. The GST activities were slightly decreased, or almost independent of the action of ethylene. It is suggested that the cross‐talk between the auxin‐ and ethylene‐induced signal transduction pathways may differ in the auxin autotrophic and heterotrophic lines.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
mas1′ promoter activity was higher in IAA-grown heterotrophic than autotrophic calli.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Material
- heterotrophic culturese0
- Treatment
- IAAe0
- Gene
- mas1′ promotere0
- Outcome
- expression activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- autotrophic onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mas1′ promoter exhibited a much higher expression activity in the heterotrophic cultures growing on IAA than in the autotrophic ones”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated 2,4‐ d reduced mas1′ ::GUS activity in heterotrophic calli.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- heterotrophic tissuese0
- Treatment
- elevated 2,4‐ d concentrationse0
- Gene
- mas1′ ::GUSe0
- Outcome
- mas1′ ::GUS activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mas1′ ::GUS activity decreased at elevated 2,4‐ d concentrations in the heterotrophic tissues”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing 2,4‐ d increased mas1′ ::GUS activity in autotrophic lines.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- autotrophic linese0
- Treatment
- increasing 2,4‐ d concentrationse0
- Outcome
- mas1′ ::GUS activitye1
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased with increasing 2,4‐ d concentrations in the autotrophic lines”
e1“mas1′ ::GUS activity decreased at elevated 2,4‐ d concentrations”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous auxins induced GST activity more strongly in autotrophic lines.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- autotrophic linese0
- Treatment
- different exogenous auxin concentrationse0
- Outcome
- GST activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- especially in the case of 2,4‐ de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The induction of GST activity by different exogenous auxin concentrations was much higher in the autotrophic lines, especially in the case of 2,4‐ d”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher external 2,4‐ d increased ethylene production with different kinetics between callus types.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Higher concentrations of external 2,4‐ de0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- different kinetics in the two types of callie0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher concentrations of external 2,4‐ d resulted in increased ethylene production, which displayed different kinetics in the two types of calli”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene-inducing 2,4‐ d concentrations increased heterotrophic callus growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- heterotrophice0
- Treatment
- ethylene‐inducing 2,4‐ d concentrationse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ethylene‐inducing 2,4‐ d concentrations increased the growth of the heterotrophic”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene-inducing 2,4‐ d concentrations decreased autotrophic callus growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- autotrophic linese0
- Treatment
- ethylene‐inducing 2,4‐ d concentrationse1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but decreased that of the autotrophic lines”
e1“The ethylene‐inducing 2,4‐ d concentrations increased the growth”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
NBD increased 2,4‐ d-induced mas1′ promoter activity in heterotrophic calli.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- heterotrophic tissuese0
- Treatment
- 2,5‐norbornadiene (NBD)e0
- Outcome
- mas1′ promotere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Blocking the ethylene receptors and hence the signal perception by 2,5‐norbornadiene (NBD) in the heterotrophic tissues increased the 2,4‐ d ‐induced mas1′ promoter and GST activities”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
NBD increased 2,4‐ d-induced GST activity in heterotrophic calli.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- heterotrophic tissuese0
- Treatment
- 2,5‐norbornadiene (NBD)e0
- Outcome
- GST activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Blocking the ethylene receptors and hence the signal perception by 2,5‐norbornadiene (NBD) in the heterotrophic tissues increased the 2,4‐ d ‐induced mas1′ promoter and GST activities”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
NBD decreased mas1′-driven GUS activity in autotrophic calli.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Material
- autotrophic tissuese0
- Treatment
- NBDe0
- Outcome
- mas1′ ‐driven GUS activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the autotrophic tissues, where NBD decreased the mas1′ ‐driven GUS activity”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
GST activities in autotrophic tissues were slightly decreased or nearly independent of ethylene action.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- GST activitiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GST activities were slightly decreased, or almost independent of the action of ethylene.”
t0“tobacco calli”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest differing auxin–ethylene signaling cross-talk between callus types.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- cross‐talk between the auxin‐ and ethylene‐induced signal transduction pathwayse0
- Qualifier
- may differ in the auxin autotrophic and heterotrophic linese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is suggested that the cross‐talk between the auxin‐ and ethylene‐induced signal transduction pathways may differ in the auxin autotrophic and heterotrophic lines.”
t0“tobacco calli”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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- positive
2,4-D · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 10 papers →class · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.