Paper · 2002 · Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science

Mobilization of phosphorus contributes to positive rotational effects of leguminous cover crops on maize grown on soils from northern Nigeria

Mahmoud Kamh; Mohamed Abdou; Victor Chude; et al.

13
claims
14
verbatim quotes
50
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Previous research has demonstrated a positive rotational effect of tropical leguminous cover crops on maize growth on a luvisol from Nigeria. This effect could not be explained by a better N supply. The objective of the present work was to further clarify whether improved P nutrition has been a contributing factor. Nine cover crops and maize were studied in nutrient solution-culture with 1 and 20 μM P and with NO3-N as N source for root physiological parameters that may affect P mobilization. Zea mays, Lablab purpureus, and Centrosema pubescens responded to P deficiency by higher rates of proton excretion. Clitoria ternatea excreted OH— with only small differences due to P nutrition. At low P supply, Chamaecrista rotundifolia, Clitoria, and Centrosema had the highest exudation rates of organic acid anions, especially citrate and malate. A major difference between plant species was found in root-surface acid phosphatase activity. Cajanus cajan expressed the highest phosphatase activity. Vmax of P uptake increased markedly under P deficiency, particularly for maize. Compared to the other plant species Cajanus, Chamaecrista, and Clitoria were characterized by a greater capability to absorb P at low external P concentrations. The nine cover crops and maize were also grown in pot experiments using two soils from northern Nigeria low in available P. The ultisol from Jos had a high P fixation capacity and was more acidic than the alfisol from Zaria. All plant species were precultured in the first season at 100 (Zaria) and 250 (Jos) mg P per pot. In the subsequent season, maize was uniformly seeded into all pots containing the remaining roots and the incorporated shoot dry mass (according to 15 mg P per pot) of the pre-crop. No P and 250 (Zaria) or 500 (Jos) mg P per pot were freshly applied. Maize growth and P uptake were enhanced after legumes in Zaria soil. Cajanus showed the highest residual effect, and also Clitoria, Chamaecrista, and Lablab showed effects superior to the mean. In Jos soil, Clitoria, Cajanus, and Lablab enhanced maize growth above average. Also, a highly significant positive correlation between P uptake and biomass production was obtained. These results indicate that enhancement of maize growth after leguminous cover crops, at the low P supply of the soil used, mainly depends on P mobilization capacity of the cover crop. Mobilisierung von P ist mitverantwortlich für die positive Vorfruchtwirkung von Leguminosen im Maisanbau auf Böden in Nord-Nigeria In vorhergehenden Untersuchungen konnte eine positive Vorfruchtwirkung von tropischen Leguminosen im Maisanbau auf einem Luvisol in Nord-Nigeria gezeigt werden. Diese Wirkung war unabhängig von der N-Versorgung. Ziel der hier dargestellten Versuche war es, weitergehend zu klären, ob eine verbesserte P-Versorgung mitverantwortlich für die positive Vorfruchtwirkung der Leguminosen zu Mais war. Neun Leguminosen und Mais wurden in Nährlösungskultur mit 1 oder 20 μM P und NO3— als N-Quelle im Hinblick auf wurzelphysiologische Parameter der P-Effizienz charakterisiert. Zea mays, Lablab purpureus und Centrosema pubescens reagierten auf P-Mangel mit einer erhöhten Abgabe von Protonen. Clitoria ternatea schied OH— aus, bei nur geringen Unterschieden in Abhängigkeit vom P-Angebot. Chamaecrista rotundifolia, Clitoria und Centrosema zeigten bei P-Mangel die höchste Ausscheidungsrate von organischen Säureanionen, insbesondere Citrat und Malat. Große Unterschiede bestanden zwischen den Pflanzenarten in der Phosphatase-Aktivität an der Wurzeloberfläche. Cajanus cajan zeigte die höchste Phosphatase-Aktivität. Die maximale P-Aufnahmerate (Vmax) war bei P-Mangel deutlich erhöht, insbesondere bei Mais. Cajanus, Chamaecrista und Clitoria zeichneten sich im Vergleich zu den anderen Pflanzenarten durch eine größere Fähigkeit aus, P bei niedrigen Konzentration der Außenlösung aufzunehmen. Die neun Leguminosen und Mais wurden auch in Gefäßversuchen mit zwei P-armen Böden aus Nord-Nigeria kultiviert. Der Ultisol aus Jos wies eine wesentlich höhere P-Fixierungskapazität und einen niedrigeren pH-Wert auf als der Alfisol aus Zaria. Alle Pflanzenarten wurden im ersten Jahr bei einem P-Angebot von 100 (Zaria) oder 250 (Jos) mg P pro Gefäß kultiviert. Im zweiten Jahr wurde einheitlich Mais in den Gefäßen mit den verbliebenen Wurzelrückständen und eingearbeiteter Sprosstrockenmasse der Vorkultur (entsprechend 15 mg P pro Gefäß) angebaut. Kein P bzw. 250 (Zaria) oder 500 (Jos) mg P pro Gefäß wurden frisch appliziert. Im Boden aus Zaria waren das Wachstum und die P-Aufnahme von Mais nach Leguminosenvorfrucht verbessert. Cajanus wies die beste Vorfruchtwirkung auf, auch Clitoria, Chamaecrista und Lablab wirkten sich überdurchschnittlich positiv aus. Im Boden aus Jos förderten insbesondere Clitoria, Cajanus und Lablab das Wachstum von Mais. Zwischen der P-Aufnahme und der Biomassenbildung von Mais bestand eine hoch signifikante positive Korrelation. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die positive Vorfruchtwirkung von den verwendeten Leguminosen bei niedrigem P-Angebot des Bodens insbesondere von deren P-Mobilisierungsvermögen abhängt.

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Claims 13

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize, Lablab and Centrosema had higher proton excretion under P deficiency.

Taxon
Zea mays, Lablab purpureus, and Centrosema pubescensZea maysLablab purpureusCentrosema pubescense0
Treatment
P deficiencye0
Outcome
rates of proton excretione0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lablab purpureus
Lablab purpureus · TaxonTaken by Fanghong · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Centrosema pubescens
Centrosema pubescens · TaxonAris riyanto · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Zea mays, Lablab purpureus, and Centrosema pubescens responded to P deficiency by higher rates of proton excretion”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–612 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Clitoria excreted OH with small differences by P nutrition.

Taxon
Clitoria ternateaClitoria ternateae0
Outcome
excreted OH—e0
Qualifier
only small differences due to P nutritione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Clitoria ternatea
Clitoria ternatea · TaxonSuyash.dwivedi · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Clitoria ternatea excreted OH— with only small differences due to P nutrition”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 614–691 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chamaecrista, Clitoria and Centrosema had the highest organic acid anion exudation at low P.

Taxon
Chamaecrista rotundifolia, Clitoria, and CentrosemaClitoriaCentrosemaChamaecrista rotundifoliae0
Outcome
exudation rates of organic acid anionse0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
At low P supplye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Clitoria
Clitoria · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Wilfredor · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Centrosema
Centrosema · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Chamaecrista rotundifolia
Chamaecrista rotundifolia · TaxonHarry Rose from South West Rocks, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“At low P supply, Chamaecrista rotundifolia, Clitoria, and Centrosema had the highest exudation rates of organic acid anions, especially citrate and malate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 693–847 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root surface acid phosphatase activity differed among species.

Taxon
plant speciese0
Outcome
root-surface acid phosphatase activitye0
Direction
differencee0

Verbatim

e0

“A major difference between plant species was found in root-surface acid phosphatase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 849–941 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cajanus had the highest phosphatase activity.

Taxon
Cajanus cajanCajanus cajane0
Outcome
phosphatase activitye0
Direction
higheste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Cajanus cajan expressed the highest phosphatase activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 943–999 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P uptake Vmax rose under P deficiency, especially in maize.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
P deficiencye0
Outcome
Vmax of P uptakee0
Direction
increased markedlye0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Vmax of P uptake increased markedly under P deficiency, particularly for maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1001–1079 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cajanus, Chamaecrista and Clitoria had greater P absorption capability at low P than other species.

Taxon
Cajanus, Chamaecrista, and ClitoriaCajanusClitoriaChamaecristae0
Outcome
capability to absorb Pe0
Direction
greatere0
Qualifier
at low external P concentrationse0
Comparator
the other plant speciese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus
Cajanus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Forest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Clitoria
Clitoria · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Wilfredor · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Chamaecrista
Chamaecrista · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Forest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Compared to the other plant species Cajanus, Chamaecrista, and Clitoria were characterized by a greater capability to absorb P at low external P concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1081–1240 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Legume pre crops enhanced maize growth and P uptake in Zaria soil.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment
after legumese0
Outcome
growth and P uptakee0
Direction
enhancede0
Setting
Zaria soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Maize growth and P uptake were enhanced after legumes in Zaria soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1816–1883 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cajanus had the highest residual rotation effect.

Taxon
CajanusCajanuse0
Outcome
residual effecte0
Direction
higheste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus
Cajanus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Forest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Cajanus showed the highest residual effect”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1885–1927 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Clitoria, Chamaecrista and Lablab had above mean rotation effects.

Taxon
Clitoria, Chamaecrista, and LablabClitoriaChamaecristaLablabe0
Outcome
effects superior to the meane0
Direction
superiore0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Clitoria
Clitoria · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Wilfredor · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Chamaecrista
Chamaecrista · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Forest & Kim Starr · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Lablab
Lablab · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Clitoria, Chamaecrista, and Lablab showed effects superior to the mean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1938–2008 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Clitoria, Cajanus and Lablab enhanced maize growth above average in Jos soil.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Clitoria, Cajanus, and Lablabe0
Outcome
maize growthe0
Direction
enhancede0
Comparator
averagee0
Setting
Jos soile0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In Jos soil, Clitoria, Cajanus, and Lablab enhanced maize growth above average”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2010–2088 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize P uptake and biomass production had a highly significant positive correlation.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Compound
P uptakee0
Outcome
biomass productione0
Direction
positivee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“a highly significant positive correlation between P uptake and biomass production was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2096–2190 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–104 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute the maize growth benefit mainly to cover crop P mobilization at low soil P.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
enhancement of maize growthe0
Qualifier
P mobilization capacity of the cover crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“enhancement of maize growth after leguminous cover crops, at the low P supply of the soil used, mainly depends on P mobilization capacity of the cover crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2220–2375 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

50 papers: 29 positive, 21 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction

This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

46 papers more in this group

See all 50 papers →

phosphorus · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

244 papers: 190 positive, 54 negative or no effect

53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 190 in the opposite direction

This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

240 papers more in this group

See all 244 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.